Contents

List of figures x

List of maps xii

List of tables xiii

List of contributors xiv

Preface xv

PART ι:

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS

i ∙ Migrations 3

DIRK HOERDER

2 ∙ World urbanization, 1750 to the present 34

LINN HOLLEN LEES

3 ∙ The family in modern world history 58

PETER N.

4 ∙ Continuities and change in sexual behaviour and attitudes since 1750 84

jULIE PEAKmAN

5 ∙ Abolitions 112

ALESSANDRO STANzIANI

PART 11:

CULTURE AND CONNECTIONS

6 ∙ Department stores and the commodification of culture: artful marketing in a globalizing world 137 ANTONIA MNNANE

7 ∙ Religion after 1750 160

PETER VAN DER VEER

8 ∙ Science since 1750 181

JAMES E. MCCLELLAN III

9 ∙ Music on the move, as object, as commodity 205

TIMOTHY d. TAYLOr

10 ∙ Sport since 1750 225

SUSAN bROWNELL

11 ∙ World cinema 249

LALITHA GOPALAN

PART III: MOMENTS

12 ∙ Atlantic revolutions: a reinterpretation 273 JAIME E. ROdRIGUEZ O.

13 ∙ Global war 1914-45 299

RICHARd OVERY

14 ∙ The Cold War 321

dANIEL SARGENT

15 ∙ 1956 347

CAROLE MNK

16 ∙ 1989 as a year of great significance 376

NICOLE REbEC ANdJEFFREY WASSERSTrOM

PART ιv:

LIGAMENTS OF GLOBALIZATION

17 ∙ Transportation and communication, 1750 to the present 401 DANIEL R. HEADRICK

18 ∙ Rubber 423

RICHARD TUCKER

19 ∙ Drugs in the modern era 444

WILLIAM b. MCALLISTER

20 ∙ The automobile 467

bERNHARD RIEgER

21 ∙ Globalization, Anglo-American style 490

THOMAS W. ZEILER

Index 515

Figures

1.1 Plantation workers on arrival from India, mustered at Depot, c. 1891 (Royal Commonwealth Society, London, UK / Bridgeman Images) 9

1.2 An Irish immigrant sits on a chair and waits next to an Italian immigrant and her children, Ellis Island, early twentieth century (FPG/Getty Images) ii

1.3 Guatemalan illegal immigrants deported from the United States walk along the tarmac upon their arrival back to Guatemala (EITAN ABRAMOVICH/AFP/Getty Images) 22

1.4 Migrant workers hold banners during a protest to support the rights of migrant domestic workers in Lebanon, on the occasion of International Women's Day in Beirut (© Str/Reuters/Corbis) 26

3.1 Children playing with hobby horse in American folk art painting from the 1840s (© Francis G.

3.2 “Study hard follow Lei Feng,” Chinese Cultural Revolution propaganda poster (© David Pollack/Corbis) 76

3.3 A bus which has been converted into a school called School on Wheels, is seen parked at a slum area in the southern Indian city of Hyderabad. The mobile school, run by CLAP Foundation, a non-governmental organisation, brings education to the doorstep of disadvantaged children every day, halting for several hours at a time in different parts of the sprawling city. (© KRISHNENDU HALDER/Reuters/ Corbis) 79

6.1 Confectionery section in Selfridges department store, early twentieth century (Private Collection / © Look and Learn / PeterJackson Collection / Bridgeman Images) 142

6.2 Interior of a modern department store in Tokyo, Japan, c. 1895-1900 (Private Collection / The Stapleton Collection / Bridgeman Images) 144

6.3 Nanjing Road in Shanghai, 1934 (© Bettmann/CORBIS) 152

6.4 Balgo Community desert artist, the late Tjumpo Tjapanangka, working on a dot painting at the Warlayirti Culture Centre in the north-west desert region of Western Australia south of Halls Creek (Werner Forman Archive / Bridgeman Images) 157

10.1 Man takes a picture of the Beijing National Stadium shortly before the official

opening of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games (© ITAR-TASS Photo Agency / Alamy) 241

List of figures

15.1 Arrival of Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev, Soviet politician and General Secretary of the Central Commitee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, at Schonefeld Airport on a visit to the German Democratic Republic in 1963 (© Interfoto / Alamy) 349

15.2 Portrait of Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein, President of Egypt (© World History Archive / Alamy) 359

16.1 Berliners from East and West celebrating the opening of the border at the Berlin Wall, Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, 9th November 1989 / © H.P. Stiebing / Bridgeman Images 385

17.1 A May Morning in the Park (The Fairman Rogers Four-in-Hand) by Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins, 1879-80 (Philadelphia Museum of Art, Pennsylvania, USA / Gift of William Alexander Dick, 1930 / Bridgeman Images) 402

17.2 1909 replica of the North River Steamboat (Detroit Publishing Company / Library of Congress) 405

17.3 Model T Ford (© Ewing Galloway / Alamy) 411

17.4 First flight of the Wright Flyer I, December 17, 1903 (Library of Congress) 413

17.5 Four TGV trains at Gare de l'Est station, Paris (© imageBROKER/Alamy) 415

Maps

1.1 Major migration systems 7

2.1 Hamburg America line routes in 1914 39

2.2 World map of comparative urbanization rates, 2005 46

12.1 Atlantic world 1826-1830 295

15.1 Suez crisis, 1956 362

2.1 World urbanization rates, 1700-2000 36

2.2 World's ten largest cities 53

2.3 Population of cities with 10 million inhabitants or more, 1950-2000 55

20.1 Estimatedroaddeathsper 100,000 inhabitants (2006/7) 487