<<

Index

Note: bold page numbers indicate main encyclopedia entries; italic page numbers indicate pictures.

AA. See German Foreign Office

AAD. See Academic

Exchange Service AAL.

See Aid Association for

Lutherans

AAU. See Amateur Athletic

Union

Abend-Anzeiger (Evening

Informer), 93

Abendpost (Evening Post),

232-233, 542

Aberdeen, Lady, 565

Abish, Walter, 1050 “About Combustion Tests”

(Braun), 163 About the Climate of the

Argentinean Republic

(Uber das Klima der Argentinischen Republik; Burmeister), 197

Abwehr, 156 Abyssinian Baptist Church, 155

Academic Exchange Service (AAD; Akademischer Austauschdienst), 432

Academy of Social and Economic Sciences, 273

Academy of the Arts (Akademie der Kunste), 493

Aφao Integralista Brasileira, 561-562

ACC. See Allied Control Council

Account of a Society at Harmony (twenty five miles from Pittsburg), Pennsylvania, United States of America, in the years 1806 and 1807, and 1809, 1810, and 1811 (Melish), 483 Acculturation, immigration and, 7-8, 11. See also Anti-German sentiment;

Assimilation; Nativism

Acheson, Dean, Stalin Note and, 998-999

Achternbusch, Herbert, 501 ACK. See Association of Christian Churches Adam Open AG, 198, 199 Adams, Ansel, 884 Adams, John, 37, 1053-1054

Adams, John Quincy,

37- 38, 452, 532, 587, 965. See also Treaty of 1785

Addams, (Laura) Jane, 17,

38- 39, 53, 193, 609. See also Anarchists;

Chicago; International Council of Women Adelbert, Felix, 120 Adelbert, Julius, 120 Adelbert, Waldemar, 120 Adelsverein (Society for the Protection of German Immigrants in Texas; Mainzer Verein; Texas- Verein; Verein zum Schutze deutscher Einwanderer in Texas), 40-42, 265-266, 315, 381-382, 1026-1027. See also Darmstaedters; Ernst, Friedrich; Fredericksburg, Texas; Meusbach, John O.; New Braunfels, Texas; Sealsfield, Charles; Solms-Braunfels, Prince Carl of

Adelung, Friedrich von, 1090

Adelung, Johann Christoph, 43-45, 1088, 1089, 1090.

See also Humboldt, Wilhelm von; Humboldt, Alexander von; Vater, Johann Severin

Adenauer, Konrad, 89, 114, 186, 364, 365, 438 Stalin Note and, 998-999

Adenauer administration, 161

ADL. See Anti-Defamation League

Adler, Cyrus, 940 Adler, Felix, 593, 622 Adler, Mortimer, 863 Adler, Samuel, 592, 1149 Admiral Graf Spee, 45—46. See also Argentina; Chile; World War I; World War II Adolf, the Superman (Heartfield), 491 Adorno, Theodor

Wiesengrund, 47-48, 88, 180, 267, 378, 379-381, 517, 562, 626, 720, 949, 1049.

See also Brecht, Bertold; Horckheimer, Max; Frankfurt School; Intellectual exile; Kracauer, Siegfried; Schonberg, Arnold The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle (TV cartoon), 340 Advisory Committee on Post-War Foreign Policy and, 1079

AEF. See American Expeditionary Force

AEG. See Allgemeine Elektricitats- Gesellschaft

AELC. See Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches Aesthetic Theory (Adorno), 48

AFCS. See American Federation of Catholic Societies

AFGF. See American Friends for German Freedom

African Americans, 48-51 in American Civil War, 64-65

as GIs, in West Germany, 50

jazz and, 49

Nazism and, 49-50 Olympic games and, 49 racism and, 48-49, 49-50, 50-51 African languages, 43, 44, 45

Against the Un-German Spirit (Wider den Un- deutschen Geist), 562 Agassiz, Louis, 914, 1057

Age of the Baroque

(Friedrich), 391 Agnew, Mary, 1021 Agrarian Reform and

Nationalization of Copper Mining in Chile (Agrarreform und Nationalisierung des Kupferbergbaues; Weischet), 1122 Aguirre, Don Lope de, 500 Aguirre: The Wrath of God

(Aguirre, der Zorn

Gottes; film), 500 Aid Association for

Lutherans (AAL), 710 Aid Association (Hilfsverein), 334

Aid Organization of the Evangelical Church in Germany (Hilfswerk der Evangelischen Kirche in

Deutschland), 259 AIDS, 591 Air Force One (film), 346 AIZ. See Arbeiter Illustrierte

Zeitung AJC. See American Jewish

Committee

Alabama: 2000 Light Years from Home (film), 1132

Alaska, 225 Alberdi, Juan Bautista, 235 Albers, Anni, 126

Albers, Josef, 123, 125, 126 Albert, Heinrich, 1169 Albert Ballin (passenger liner), 482

Albright, Jacob (Jakob

Albrecht), 58 ALC.

See American

Lutheran Church Alcott, Bronson, 607, 1041 Alcott, Louisa May, 1048 Aldan, Felix, 379 Alencar Castelo Branco,

Humberto de, 403 Alexander, James, 1194-1195 Alexander I, 638, 1101 Alexander II, 386, 779, 1101 Alfred A. Knopf Publishing

Company, 520-521

Alice in the Cities (Alice in den Stadten; film), 1132

Alien and Sedition Act, 134, 412

Alien Enemy Regulation of 1917, 1167

Alien Property Custodian, 247

Alien Registration Act, 412 Alienation effect, 491 All-Russian National

Socialist Labor Party, 410

Allard, Jean V., 214 Allen, Irwin, 697

Allende, Salvador, 919, 920, 1123

Allerhand Heiteres aus Californien (Humorous Thoughts from California; Kirchhoff), 613

Allgemeine Elektricitats- Gesellschaft (AEG; General Electricity Company), 95

Allgemeine Lehrerzeitung fur Rio Grande do Sul (General Teachers' Newspaper for Rio Grande do Sul), 442 Alliance for Germany, 439 Allied Control Commission Law 10, 839

Allied Control Council (ACC), 66, 68

Allied Reparations Commission, 269, 270-271

Allman, John, 452 Almanacs. See German almanacs

Alraune (film), 1017 Altenburg, Matthias, 688 Altgeld, John Peter, 51-53, 490, 539, 896.

See also Addams, Jane; Anarchists; Chicago; Haymarket Riot; Illinois; Politics, and German Americans Altmann, Charlotte

Elisabeth (Lotte), 527

Alvarez, Luis, 149

Amalia, Princess (pseud.

Amalia Heiter), 587 Amalia Heiter. See Amalia,

Princess

Amana Appliances, 56 Amana Church Society, 56 Amana Colonies, 53—56 in Buffalo, New York,

55-56

Community of True Inspiration and, 54-55

history of Amana people in, 54

in Iowa, 53, 55-56 lifestyle in, 56 religion in, 56

religious beliefs of, 54-55 See also Buffalo, New

York; Iowa, German dialects in; Pietism Amana Society, 53, 56 Amateur Athletic Union

(AAU), 847 Amelung, Christian F., 452 Amelung, Johann Friedrich,

452-453

America and a New World

Order (Howard), 198 America House (Amerika-

Hauser), 366, 448 America Primer for Grown­up Germans: An Attempt to Explain What Has Not Been Understood (Boveri), 159

America the Paradise

(Paradies Amerika;

Kisch), 614 American Association of

Teachers of German, 422

American churches in Germany, 57—61 See also individual

churches; under individual countries and U.S.

cities and states

American Citizens League, 247

American Civil War

African Americans in,

64-65

antisemitism during, 85 Anzeiger Des Westens and, 92

assimilation during, 99 Buffalo, New York, during, 186

Chicago during, 229-230, 231-232

Chile during, 238-239 Cincinnati during, 241 financial support of Frankfurt bankers for,

61— 62, 376. See also Frankfurt am Main, citizens of, in U.S.

Fredericksburg during, 384

German-language press during, 824

German participants in,

62- 65

migration, German- Jewish, during, 17, 18

New Braunfels, Texas, during, 814

Norddeutscher Lloyd during, 827

politics, German Americans and, 895 printing and publishing during, 906-907

St. Vincent Monastery and College during, 995

Texas during, 1027-1028 travel literature during, 1047

Turner societies during, 1061

See also 82nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment; Forty- Eighters; Hecker, Friedrich; Koerner, Gustave; Nueces, Battle of the; Osterhaus, Peter J.; Salomon, Edward S.; Schurz, Carl; Sigel, Franz; Willich, August von

American Council of Learned Societies, 422 American Eugenics Society, 324

American Expeditionary

Force (AEF),

1161-1162

American Federation of

Catholic Societies (AFCS), 419, 457

American Federation of

Labor, 87

American Flint Glass

Manufactory, 452

The American Friend (Der

Amerikanische Freund; film), 353, 1132

American Friends for

German Freedom (AFGF), 262

American Friends Southern Negro Student Committee, 267

American Fur Company,

106

American German Student

Exchange, 432

American Helium Control

Act of 1927, 509

American Hunting and

Travel Adventures from My Life in the Western Indian

Plains (Amerikanische Jagd- und

Reiseabenteuern aus meinem Leben in den westlichen Indianergebieten;

Strubberg), 557, 1018

American Indian languages,

43-45

American Indians captivity narratives and,

543-545

American Institute for Contemporary Studies, 422, 423

The American Israelite, 17

American Jewish Committee

(AJC), 18, 89

American Jewish Congress,

87

American Jewish Historical

Society, 658

American Journal of

Mathematics, 588 American Lutheran Church

(ALC), 710, 711

American Nationalist Association, 410

American Occupation Zone, 65-69, 89

American GIs in, 448 chewing gum sales in, 228 German American Clubs in, 413

American Overseas Airlines at La Guardia, 292 American Patriotism and other Social Studies (Munsterberg), 796 American Problems from the Point of View of a Psychologist (Munsterberg), 796 American Protective League (APL), 40, 247, 1165-1166, 1167 American Quarterly, 307 American Railway Union, 53 American Reform

movement, 301 American Revolution, 37, 105

American Schleswig- Holstein Heritage Society (ASHHS), 567 American Social Science

Association, 668 American student movement, 434 American students, at

German universities, 69-71,1073-1074 motivation of, 70 during World War I, 69-70

See also Bancroft, George; German students, at American universities; Gottingen, University of; Ticknor, George; Intellectual exchange, U.S.-German American Traits from the German Point of View (Munsterberg), 796 American universities, German students at, 432-435

American Vitruvius (Hegemann and Peets), 495

American War of Independence, 6, 504, 906

The American Weekly, 1098 Americanisms, in the German language, 71-74

Americanization and, 76 history of, 71-72 motives for using, 73-74 reception of, 74 sources of, 72 types of, 72-73 See also American Occupation Zone; Bases, U.S., in West Germany Americanization, 18, 75-79

American mass culture and, 78

Americanisms and, 76 anti-American sentiment and, 76-77 antitrust laws, decartelization and, 78

Bauhaus and, 124 car industry and, 78 Coca-Cola and, 78, 250 Ford and, 76

Fordism and, 78-79, 361 Hollywood and, 76 jazz and, 76 mass consumption and, 78-79

mass production and, 78-79

McDonald’s Restaurant and, 76 music and, 76, 77 Nazi economy and, 77 during post-World War II era, 77, 78-79

U.S.

hegemonic pressure and, 76, 77, 78

Volkswagen and, 76

See also American Occupation Zone; Coca Cola; Ford, Henry; Fordism; Hollywood; McDonald’s Restaurant; Volkswagen Company, and Volkswagen Beetle Americanizers, 75

The Americans and Aristocracy in America (Grund), 469

The Americans in their Moral, Social, and Political Relations (Grund), 468

The Americans (Munsterberg), 796

Amerika, 938

Die Amerika (America), 605, 904-905

Amerika Institut, 78-80 during World War I, 80 See also American students, at German universities; Johns Hopkins University; Munsterberg, Hugo; Intellectual exchange, U.S.-German

Amerika Woche (America Weekly), 909

Amerikadeutscher Volksbund. See German American Bund

Amerikafibel (Boveri), 159 “Amerikanische Zustande

Nr. 2” (Ruppius), 930 Ames, John Barr, 388 Ames, William, 887 Amish, 10, 80-81.

See also Iowa, German dialects in; Pennsylvania German (Dutch); Pennsylvania German (Dutch) language

Ammann, Jakob, 80 Ammon, Wolfgang, 409 Among Creoles, Indians, and Mestizos (Unter Kreolen, Indios und Ladinos; Helbig), 497

Among the Primitive Peoople of Central Brazil. An Account of the Second Xingu Expedition (Unter den Naturvolkern Zentral- Brasiliens. Reiseschilderung und Ergbnisse der Zweiten Schingu-Expedition; Steinen), 1001

Among the Tierra del Feugan Indians (Unter Feuerland-Indianern; Koppers), 470

An Irish Version of the

Alexander Sage (“Eine irische Version der Alexandersage”; Meyer), 749 Anabaptists’ movement, 80 Anales de la Universidad de Chile (Annals of the University of Chile), 883

Analysis of America’s Population (Untersuchungen uber Amerikas Bevolkerung; Vater), 1089

Anarchism, 39

feminism and, 82 forms of, 82 unifying principles of subforms of, 82

value of, 83 Anarchists, 81—83.

See also Bismarck, and Anti-Socialist Law; Haymarket Riot; Most, Johann; Schwab, Justus H.; Turner Societies; Weitling, Wilhelm Anatahan (film), 1003, 1004 The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness (Fromm), 396 Ancient Order of Foresters, 417

Das Andere Deutschland (The Other Germany), 96 Anders, Stefan, 686 Andersch, Alfred, 687 Anderson, Michael, 697 Anderson, Robin, 447 Anderson, Sherwood, 518-519

Andreae, Johann Valentin, 887

Andress, Ursula, 514 Andrian-Werburg, Leopold, 174-175

Angela Davis Solidarity committees, 267-268 “Angry young men”

movement, 345 Anheuser, Eberhard, 130, 133

Anheuser-Busch, 133 The Animal Life of Tibet and the Himalaya Mountains (Das Tierleben Tibets und des Himalaya-Gebirges; Bartz), 119

Anna Boylen (film), 342 Annals of the United States Illustrated: The Pioneers (Bodmer), 155

Anneke, Fritz, 84

Anneke, Mathilde Franziska, 84-85, 311, 415-416, 754-755, 834, 975.

See also forty-Eighters;

Milwaukee; Slavery, in German American and German texts Anthon, Carl G., 399 Anthony, Susan B., 84, 565, 754-755

Anthropological Studies about the Native Population of Brazil, Especially of the People in the Provinces of Matto Grosso, Goyaz, and Amazonas (Anthropologische Studien uber die Urbewohner Brasiliens, vornehmlich der Staaten Matto Grosso, Goyaz und Amazonas; Ehrenreich), 295 Anti-Defamation League (ADL), 18, 86, 90 Anti-German sentiment. See Acculturation; Assimilation; under individual countries and states in U.S.

Anti-Socialist Law (Ausnahmegesetz zur Abwehr sozialdemokratischer Ausschreitungen; Exceptional Law for Vigilance against

Social Democratic Activities), 7, 94, 145-146, 385, 944.

See also Anarchists; Chicago; Haymarket Riot; Liebknecht, Wilhelm; Milwaukee; Most, Johann; New York City; Socialist Labor Party Antiquities of the Paya Region and the Paya Indians of Northeast Honduras (Antiguales der Paya-Region und der Paya-Indianer von No rdost-Honduras; Helbig), 496 Antisemites’ petition (Antisemitenpetition), 368

Antisemitism, 85-91, 992 during American Civil War, 85

and business, U.S.-Third Reich, 198-200 in East Germany, 90 nationalism and, 89 Nazism and, 87 neo-Nazism and, 90, 91 Olympic games and, 88 in postwar Germany, 89-91

skinheads and, 91 in U.S., 86, 87, 88 in U.S. Army, 88-89 white supremacists and, 91

during World War I, 86

See also Adorno, Theodor; Bitburg; B’nai B’rith; Cincinnati; Chicago; Einstein, Albert; Frankfurt School; Friends of the New Germany; German American Bund; Honecker, Erich; Horckheimer, Max; Kuhn, Fritz; Migration, German- Jewish; Marcuse, Herbert; Milwaukee; Morgenthau Plan; Nazism; Schurz, Carl

Antitrust laws, Americanization and, 78

Anton in America (Anton in Amerika; Solger), 834 Antonioni, Michelangelo, 1133

An.zeιger Des Westens (Western Informer), 92-93, 1063

American Civil War and, 92

See also forty-Eighters; Korner, Gustave; Newspaper Press (U.S.), German language in; Schurz, Carl

AO. See Foreign Organization

Apaches (film), 549

The Apartment (film), 1144 Aphra Behn (Mundt), 104 APL. See American

Protective League Apollo program, 164 Appletons Encyclopedia,

1012

The Apprentices of Sais (Die Lehrlinge zu Sais; Novalis), 402 Arabic (British passenger liner), 1155

Arabic Pledge, 1155 Arbeiter Illustrierte Zeitung (AIZ; Workers' Illustrated Newspaper), 491, 492, 886

Arbeiter-Zeitung (Workers' News), 243, 977

Die Arbeiterstimme am Erie (The Worker's Voice on Erie), 187

The Arbor (Die Gartenlaube; Kirchhoff), 613

Archenholtz’s Magazine, 968 Archer, Frederick Scott, 884 Architects. See Landscape architects, German American

The Architects' Collaborative (TAC), 467

Archive for the History of

Socialism and the

Workers’ Movement (ed. Grunberg), 378 Archives of Explorers

(Archiv Fur Forschungsreisende; Stubel), 1020 Ardistan and Dschinnistan

(May), 726 Arendt, Hannah, 21, 108, 233, 562, 563, 564 Arensburg (D'Arensbourg),

Karl Friedrich von, 698

Argentina, 93-97, 159, 196 Admiral Graf Spee in, 45-46

German businesses in, 95 German Jesuits in, 93-94 German-language press in, 95-96

German schools in, 96 immigration to, 23, 24,

29, 30t, 94-95, 95-96 during post-World War II era, 96 war criminals in, 96 during World War I, 95 during World War II, 96 See also Brummer;

Burmeister, Carl

Hermann Conrad; Dobrizhoffer, Martin; Eichmann, Karl Adolf; Humboldt, Alexander von; Latin America, German military advisers in; Latin America, Nazis in; Schmidel, Ulrich Argentinean Homestead Act of 1917, 29 Argentinisches Tageblatt

(Argentina Daily

News), 95, 96, 908 ARI. See Association of

Jewish Religion Arias, Arnulfo, 865 Aristocracy in America: From the Sketch-book of a German Nobleman (Grund), 468-469 Arithmetic (Venema), 1194 Armbruster, Anton, 906 Armbruster, Gotthard, 906 Armed Forces (Wehrmacht;

film), 317 Arming, Friedrich, 835 Armstrong, Hamilton Fish,

1079

Army Ballistic Missile Agence, 164

Army Rocket Center, 163 Arnau, Frank, 174

Arndt, Johann, 887 Arnim, Bettina von, 266

Arnold, Gottfried, 314

The Art of Loving (Fromm), 396

Arthur, Chester A., 927 As I Saw Mexico: From

Monterrey to Tapachula (So sah ich Mexiko...von Monterrey bis Tapachula; Helbig), 497

Asbury, Francis, 58, 426 ASHHS. See American

Schleswig-Holstein Heritage Society

Ashkenazic Jews, 13 Assimilation

during American Civil War, 99

beer and, 101 definition of, 97-98 German language and, 98, 99-100

German organizations, and misconception of prevention of, 99-100

of Germans, in U.S., 97-103

immigration and, 98-99, 100, 102

mass consumerism and, 100

nativist movement and, 99

of Pennsylvania German culture, 98 popular culture and, 100-101

prohibition and, 101 in rural areas, 101 social mobility and, 102 two-way process of, 102 during World War I, 101-102

during World War II, 102

See also Acculturation; Anti-German sentiment; Nativism Assing, Ludmilla, 103, 105 Assing, Ottilie, 103-105, 975.

See also Forty-Eighters; Slavery, in German American and German texts

Assing, Rosa Maria (nee Varnhagen), 103 Assis Brasil, Francisco de, 127

Association for Mutual Benefit (Gemeinnutziger Verein), 335

Association for Press and Nationality (Preβ- und Vaterlandsverein), 374

Association for the Acclimitization of Rare Birds, 245

Association of Christian Churches (ACK; Arbeitsgemeinschaft christlicher Kirchen), 60

Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches (AELC), 711

Association of German Social Democrats in Brazil (Vereinigung deutscher Sozialdemokraten in Brasilien), 174

Association of German Societies (Verband deutscher Vereine), 334

Association of Jewish Religion (ARI; Associaφao Religiosa Israelita), 173

Association of Singing Clubs (Sangerbund), 244

Astor, George, 105

Astor, Henry, 105

Astor, John Jacob, 105-107, 431.

See also Germany Society of the City of New York; Hessians; New York City Astor, Sarah, 107 Astor, William B., 459 Astor House, 107 Astor Library, 107 Astoria (Irving), 107 At Home and Abroad: A Sketch-Book of Life, Scenery and Men (Taylor), 1022 Atlantic Monthly, 954, 973, 1012

Atlas, Samuel, 594 Auclert, Hubertine, 565 Audubon, John James, 107 Aue, Hartmann von, 696 Auer, Louis, 756 Auerbach, Berthold, 685, 975

Aufbau, 108-109, 810, 820, 890, 908, 909.

See also Americanization; Huebsch, Ben W., and Viking Press Imprint; Council for a Democratic Germany; Intellectual exile; Mann, Thomas; Zuckmayer, Carl Aufhauser, Siegfried, 108 Augsburger Allgemeine (Augsburger Gazette), 84

Die Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung (Augsburg General Newspaper), 975

Augsburger Neusten Nachrichten (Augsburg Newest News), 179 August Belmont and

Company, 375 Augusta (U.S. cruiser), 1171 Aus Namaland und Kalahari

(Schultze-Jena), 950 Auslander, Rose, 689 Austin, Moses, 1025 Austin, Stephen F.,

285-286, 314, 1025

Austro-Prussian War of 1866, 368

“Author film,” 347

The Authoritarian Personality (Adorno), 48

Autobahnen (highways),

1103

Autobiography (Buffalo Child Long Lance), 559

Autobiography (Du Bois), 49

Automobile industry, consumerism and, 258

Autorenfilme, 347

Ave-Lallemant, Robert Christian Berthold,

109-110, 1105.

See also Von-der-

Heydt'sches Reskript; Humboldt, Alexander von

Aveling, Edward, 669

Avery, Oswald T., 582

Axen, Hermann, 1073

Ayolas, Juan de, 946

Aznavour, Charles, 727

Baader, Joseph von, 673

Bab, Julius, 108

Babbitt (Lewis), 662, 663,

664

Babo, Joseph Marius, 1045

Bache, Alexander Dallas,

532

Bachmann, Ingeborg, 891, 1049

Bachofen, Johann Jakob,

395

Bad Kissingen Cosmopolitan Club, 412-413

Bad Seed (Mauvaise Graine; film), 1143

Bading, Gerhard A., 753

Bading, John, 753

Baegert, Christoph Johannes Jakob, 111. See also Mexico, German Jesuits in

Baer, George, 876

Baerwald, Friedrich, 261

Baez, Joan, 920

Bage, Robert, 968

Baginski, Max, 387

Bahr, Egon, 1138

Baison, Jean Baptiste, 103 Baker, James A., 439, 440, 1073

Baker, Jonnie, 191 Baker, Josephine, 49 Baker, Thomas, 585 Bakunin, Mihail, 82 Balch, Emily Greene, 193 Balhaus, Michael, 515 Ball ofFire (film), 1143 Ballads and Other Poems (Longfellow), 696 Ballhaus, Michael, 512 Ballin, Albert, 480-482 Balsells, Alfredo, 1040 Baltic (liner), 1160 Baltimore Correspondent, 880 Baltimore Wecker (Baltimore Watchclock), 678, 972 Bananas, 112-114, 115.

See also Americanization; Humboldt, Alexander von; McDonald’s Restaurant

Bancroft, Aaron, 115-116 Bancroft, George, 70, 115-118, 306, 325, 437, 453, 459, 532, 780, 1037, 1045.

See also American students, at German universities; Encylcopedia Americana; Everett, Edward; German Unification; Gottingen, University of; Humboldt, Alexander von; Transcendentalism Bancroft Treaty, 117 Bandel, Ernst von, 986 Bang, Hermann, 798 Banks, Dennis, 1131 BAOR. See British Army of the Rhine

Baptists, 59, 239 Barbarossa, 336 Barbie, Klaus, 118-119, 651-652, 653.

See also Argentina; Braun, Wernher von; Latin America, Nazis in Barclay, Robert, 887 Barker, Lex, 727 Barlaeus, Caspar, 722 Barmen Declaration, 156

Barnard, George, 884 Barons, Slave, 678

Barrios, Justo Rufino, 143 Bart-Cisinski, Jakub, 988 Bartgis, Mathias, 906 Bartholdt bill, 808 Bartholdy, Albrecht

Mendelssohn, 1085 Bartz, Fritz, 119-120 Bases, U.S., in West

Germany, 1069-1071 closing of, 1071 NATO and, 1069, 1070 purpose of, 1069-1070 in the 1950s, 1070 in the 1960s, 1070 in the 1970s, 1070-1071 in the 1980s, 1071 See also American

Occupation Zone; Canadian military forces, in West Germany; West Germany, in American foreign policy; World War II

Basics of Natural History

(Grundriβ der Naturgeschichte;

Burmeister), 196 Bastian, Gert, 603 Bates, Joshua, 1039 Baucke (Paucke), Florian,

93-94

Baudissin, Adelbert Heinrich, Count,

120-122, 684. See also Forty-Eighters Baudissin, Christian Carl,

Count, 120 Bauer, Henry, 387 Bauer, Walter, 674, 680 Bauhaus, 122-126, 333,

466

Americanization and, 124 Nazism and, 124 See also Americanization;

Einstein, Albert; Ford, Henry; Gropius, Walter Adolph; Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig Baum, Martin, 239-240, 240 Baumann, Eugene Achilles,

223, 635 Baur, Clara, 244

Baur, Ferdinand C., 938 Bayer, Herbert, 125, 126, 862 Bayer, Nannie, 387 BDF. See Federation of

German Women’s

Clubs

Beale, Joseph H., 388 Beals, Walter, 840 Beard, Charles A., 1085,

1086

Beard, Miriam, 1085 Beasley, Richard, 851 Beaulieu, Priscilla, 903 Beaumont, Francis, 974 Bebel, August, 669,

1152-1153 Beck, Karl, 1047, 1060 Becker, August, 82 Becker, Joao, 127. See also

Brazil

Becker, Peter, 313 Becker, Philip, 127-129,

187-188. See also

Buffalo, New York Becker, Rudolf, 407, 441 Becker, Ulrich, 175 Beckmann, Max, 129-130 “The Bedouin Song”

(Taylor), 1021 Bee-Hive (Pastorius), 871 The Beehive (Der

Bienenstock; Seghers),

967

Beer, 130-133, 257 assimilation and, 101 breweries and, 132-133,

246, 247, 755-756,

818 brewing process and,

131, 246 in Chicago, 132 in Cincinnati, 244-245 famous names and, 130 lager, 132, 246 in Milwaukee, 131,

755-756 near, 246 in New York City, 818 origin of word, 130-131 pop-top can and, 133 prohibition and, 132 See also Chicago;

Milwaukee; New York City

Beer Hall Putsch, 478

Beer Riot of 1855, 231, 232 Beethoven, Ludwig von, 402, 799, 800

The Beginning of Art in the Jungle (Anfange der Kunst im Urwald; Koch-Grunberg), 617 Behemoth: The Spirit and Structure of National Socialism (Neumann), 564, 811

Behrendt, Richard, 865 Behrendt, Walter Curt, 794 Behrens, Peter, 466, 751 Beissel, Conrad, 312—314, 604, 889, 905, 906, 937, 1123

Beissel, Henry, 681

Beissel, John Conrad, 873 Bek, William, 284 Belafonte, Harry, 902 Bellecourt, Clyde, 1131 Bellecourt, Vernon, 1131 Belleville Library, 618 Belleviller Zeitung (Belleville Newspaper), 494

Bellini, Vincenzo, 476 Belmont, August, 375—376, 818

The Beloved Returns (Lotte in Weimar; Mann), 719 Ben-Hur (film), 1189 Benalcazar, Sebastian de, 255

Benecke, Georg Friedrich, 459

Benedictines, 994, 995, 996 Benjamin, Walter, 47, 517, 626

Bennett Law, 755

Bennett Malini (Singmaster), 973

Bent (Sherman), 891 Berchelmann, Adolph, 374 Berg, Alban, 47, 949

Berg, Maria Magdalena von, 105

Berg, Sibylle, 688 Berger, Ludwig, 574

Berger, Thomas, 1050 Berger, Victor L., 133—134, 753, 756, 757, 758, 759.

See also Espionage and Sedition Act;

Milwaukee;

Milwaukee socialists;

World War I, German Americans and

Bergmann, Carl, 801 Bergmann, Max, 577, 580,

581

Bergner, Elisabeth, 278 Berl, Ernst, 585 Berlanga, Tomas de, 112 Berlau, Ruth, 180 Berlin Club Dada, 491 Berlin crisis of 1961, 214 Berlin in Stones (Das

Steinerne Berlin;

Hegemann), 495 Berlin/Kitchener, Ontario,

138-141 acculturation in, 140 German language in, 140 immigration to, 139, 141 Nazism propaganda in,

141 during World War I,

140-141

during World War II, 141 See also Humboldt,

Alexander von;

Ontario; Turner Societies; Waterloo, Ontario; Waterloo County, Ontario Berlin Philharmonic, 632 Berlin Trade Society

(Berliner Handelsgesellschaft), 743

Berlin Wall, 135-137, 161 building of, 422, 1138 fall of, 450, 1072, 1139 Radio Free Europe and, 911

See also German

Unification;

Halvorsen, Gail S.; West Berlin

Berliner Ensemble, 180 Berliner Freie Presse (Berlin

Free Press), 778

Berliner Illustrierte Zeitung (Berlin Illustrated Newspaper), 886

Berliner Journal, 137-138, 855, 856, 857, 925.

See also Newspaper press

(U.S.), German language in; Ontario; Rittinger, John Adam

Berliner Tageblatt (Berlin Daily), 158, 559, 663, 776

Bernays, Karl L., 92

Berndt, Julius, 986

Bernoulli, Carl Gustav, 142-143. See also Humboldt, Alexander

von

Bernstorff, Johann Heinrich Andreas Hermann Albrecht, Count von, 143-145, 807, 1169-1170. See also Sternburg, Hermann Speck von; Treaty of Versailles; World War I

Bertelsmann company, 258 Bertling, Karl O., 80 Bertuch, Friedrich Justin, 1088

Best, Jacob, 132

Best, Marshall A., 520

The Best Years of Our Lives

(film), 1189 Bethe, Hans, 397, 577 Bettendorff, Johann Philipp,

165

Bettina, 265, 266 Between the Lines (Frazier),

1180

Beusch, Agathe Margarethe.

See Meyer, Agathe

Margarethe

Beutler, Hans, 584 Bey, Jocob, 446 Bibleotheca Herziana

Library, 423

Bibliographisches Institut,

746

Bieber-Bohm, Hanna, 193

Biedenkapp, Georg, 387,

678

Bienek, Horst, 1049

Bienville, Jean Baptiste le

Monye de, 698

Bierce, Ambrose, 958 Biermann, Wolf, 687, 688 Biernatzki, Johann Christoph,

975

Bierstadt, Albert, 556, 662 Big Coalition, 161 Bigelow, Poultney, 1048 Bikerman, Jacob, 584 Biller, Maxim, 688 Billinger, Karl. See Massing, Paul W.

Billmeyer, Michael, 906 Bimeler, Joseph Michael, 889 Bimpage, Heinrich, 92 Binder, Heinrich, 541

Biow, Hermann, 884 Birney, Alice McClellan, 609 Biro, Lajos, 1144

Birth of a Nation (film), 1016 Bischoff, Rev. Christian, 59 Bischoff, Wilhelm Christian, 635

Bishop, J. Leander, 484 Bismarck, Herbert von, 144 Bismarck, Otto von, 86, 117, 121-122, 169, 334, 336, 541, 601, 665, 733, 754, 904, 944, 1047, 1097 Anti-Socialist Law and,

145- 146. See also Anti-Socialist Law

German unification and, 436-437

Hermann the Cheruscan and, 985

Morocco and, 354 Motley and, 780, 781 Schurz and, 954

Bitburg war cemetery, 89,

146— 148. See also World War II

Bizet, Georges, 901 Bjorkander, Britta, 628 A Black Fellow (Der braune Knabe; Biernatzki), 975

Black Heart, 191

Black market, chewing gum and, 228

Black Panthers, 267 Black Record: Germans Past and Present (Vansittart), 1086, 1087

Black Star Picture Agency, 333

Blackwell, Elizabeth, 1193 Blackwell, Emily, 1193 Blaeu, Joan, 722

Blaine, James G., 953

Blair, Francis Preston, Jr., 92 Blaker, Eliza Cooper, 609-610

Blanqui, Louis-Auguste, 1126 Blatz, Albert, 755

Blatz, Valentin, 755, 759 Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna,

487

Bleichroder, 743 Blenker, Ludwig, 64, 371 Bliss, Elizabeth, 116

Bloch, Ernst, 47, 261, 396,

626, 686, 909 Bloch, Felix, 149-150. See

also Intellectual exchange, U.S.-German Bloch, Konrad, 580, 581 A Blond Dream (Ein blonder

Traum; film), 350 Blond Venus (film), 1003 Blood Brothers (Blutsbruder;

film), 919

The Blood of the Eagle (Das Blut des Adlers; Welskopf-Henrich), 1130-1131

Bloody Marsh, Battle of, 405 Blossfeldt, Karl, 885

Blow, Susan Elizabeth,

607-608, 609, 610 The Blue Angel (Der Blaue

Engel; film), 1003, 1199

Blue jeans, 229

Bluebeard’s Eighth Wife (film),

1143

Blum, Martha, 675 Blume, Renate, 920 Blumel, Bartholomaus, 254 Blumenau-Zeitung (Blumenau

Newspaper), 908 B'nai B'rith, 16, 86, 89,

150-152, 1065, 1066 American Jewish identity

and, 151 founders of, 150 Holocaust and, 152 international Jewish

solidarity and, 151-152 Jewish charitable and communal institutions founded and supported by, 151

Jewish solidarity and,

151-152

Nazism and, 152 purpose of, 150-151 secrecy of, 151 sister organization of, 151 suborganizations of, 152 Zionism and, 152

See also Antisemitism; Judaism, Reform; Migration, German- Jewish; Unabhangiger Orden Treuer Schwestern The Board of Delegates of American Israelites, 654 Board of Emigration Commissioners, 431 Board of Public Works, Washington, D.C., 249

Boas, Franz, 324, 556, 559, 706, 935, 1074, 1075 Bodenstein, Max, 585 Bodmer, Johann Jakob, 682 Bodmer, Karl, 152-155, 556-557, 1140.

See also Indians, in German literature; Pietism; Wied- Neuwied, Prince Maximilian of Bodrouic, Marica, 688 Boehm, Martin, 426 Boehme, Jacob, 314, 887 Boer War, 203 Boernstein, Heinrich, 676, 1063

Boeschenstein, Hermann, 680

Bogart, Humphrey, 697, 1092

Bohle, Wilhelm, 644, 645-646

Bohlen, Henry, 64, 942 Bohm, Johann Heinrich, 165 Bohm, Leopold, 95 Bohm (Boehm), John Philip, 425

Bohme, Jakob, 1043 Bohn, John L., 753 Bohr, Niels, 149 Bokum, Hermann, 833 Boll, Heinrich, 891 Bolschwing, Otto von, 652 Bolton, Herbert, 612 Boltzius, Johann Martin, 889 Bolzius, Rev. John Martin, 404

Bombs Away (Steinbeck), 522 Bonhoeffer, Dietrich,

155-156, 432.

See also German students, at American universities; Harnack, Mildred Fish Bonn, Wilhelm, 376—377 Bonpland, Aime, 109, 530, 531

Bonstedt, Friedrich, 1047 Bookchin, Murray, 83 The Bookman, 312 Boos-Waldeck, Count Joseph of, 40, 41

Boranga, Karl, 739 Borchard, Hermann Georg, 177

Borchert, Wolfgang, 1051 Borden, Robert, 141, 205 Borkenau, Franz, 378, 865 Bormann, Martin, 839 Born, Max, 397, 460, 1075-1076

Borne, Ludwig, 907, 974 Bornstein, Heinrich, 92, 677, 834, 835

Boss, Christian, 247 Boss, Sigmund G. von, 157 Bosse, August von (pseud. H.

Schonau), 157

Bosse, Georg von, 156-158.

See also Egg Harbor City, New Jersey; Hexamer, Charles J.; National German American Alliance; Schurz, Carl; World War I

Boston Symphony, 633, 782-783, 801

The Bounty (Der Kopflohn;

Seghers), 966 Bouquet, Henry, 544 Bourgeois d'Orvanne,

Alexander, 41 Bourke-White, Margaret, 886

Boveri, Margaret, 158-159. See also American Occupation Zone;

Denazification

Bowen, Herbert W., 1093 Bowering, Marilyn, 675 Bowler, Robert B., 1010

Bowman, Isiah, 1079 Boxer Rebellion, 331, 828

Boy-Ed, Karl, 1169

Boy Scouts, 710 Boyle, Kay, 1048, 1051

The Boys from Brazil (film),

340, 653 Brace, Charles Loring, 845 Brackebusch, Ludwig,

159-160, 197.

See also Argentina;

Burmeister, Carl

Hermann Conrad Bradford, Andrew, 905 Bradford, William, 1194 Bradley, Omar, 1175, 1178 Bragg, General, 299 Brahms, Johannes, 799-800,

949 Brandenberger, Erich, 1175 Brando, Marlon, 574 Brands, Michael, 245 Brandt, Willy, 136, 160-162,

438, 1072, 1100, 1137, 1138.

See also Berlin Wall; West

Berlin Brandywine Art Group, 619 Der Braumeister (The

Brewmaster), 132 Braun, Volker, 687 Braun, Wernher von,

163-164, 915. See

also Latin America, Nazis in

Bravo, 903

Brazil, 165-171 anti-Semitism in,

172-173 ban on foreign political

parties in, 171 ban on German language

in, 170, 171, 173, 174 Catholicism in, 174, 183 colonization of, 165 ethnic group mandate in,

170

Federalist Revolution in,

168

festivities and, German-

Brazilian, 334-337

German culture in, 168-170

German exile in, 172-175.

German immigrants in, 166-169

German Jewish refugees in, 172-175

German monks in, 165

German refugees in, 172-175

German settlement areas

in, 165 m, 1671

immigration policies in, 172

immigration quotas in,

170

immigration to, 23, 24, 28-29, 30t, 183, 1105, 1106

marginalization of German immigrants in, 167-169

national education system in, 170

National Socialist German

Worker's Party in, 170-171

Nazi propaganda in, 170-171

religion in, 176-178 slavery in, 176 during World War I, 169-170, 1183-1184 during World War II, 171 See also Brazil, German exile in; Brazil, religion in; Brummer; Forty-Eighters; Fritz, Samuel; German migration, to Latin America; Koseritz, Karl von; Latin America, Nazi Party in; Markgraf, Georg; Volga Germans; Vonder-Heydt'sches Rescript

Brazil: A Land of the Future

(Brasilien: Ein Land der Zukunft; Zweig), 175, 527

Brazil, the New World

(Brasilien, die Neue Welt; Eschwege), 318 Brecht, Bertolt, 47, 179-181, 261, 447, 491, 493, 562, 637, 685, 908-909, 1199. See also Adorno, Theodor; Intellectual exile; Lang, Fritz; Mann, Thomas; Reinhardt, Max; Zuckmayer, Carl Bred in the Bone (Singmaster), 973

Brehm, Alfred Edmund, 245 Breit, Gregory, 1142 Bremen, 181-182 Bremen (ship), 828, 1158 Bremer, Fredericka, 752 Bremerhaven, 181-182 immigration to, 181-182 during World War I, 182 during World War II, 182 See also Hamburg;

Norddeutscher Lloyd Brentano, Lorenz, 230, 231, 540, 541

Bretzner, Christoph Friedrich, 1045

Breuer, Marcel, 125, 467 Breuhaus, F. A., 508 Breund, Ludwig A., 387 Breweries

in Cincinnati, 246

in Milwaukee, 755-756 in New York City, 818 Brewing Industry and the Brewery Workers’ Movement in America (Schluter), 945 A Bridge Too Far (film), 338 Brinkmann, Rolf Dieter, 687 Brion, Pierre, 843, 844 Brisbane, Albert, 1127 British Army of the Rhine (BAOR), 212 British Commonwealth/ Empire Air Training Plan and, 1186 Broch, Hermann, 518 Brockhausen, Fred, 758 Broderick, John, 523 Bromfield, Louis, 1049 Bronte, Emily, 1189 Brooks, James L., 515 Brooks, Mel, 703

Brown, Dee, 560

Browne, John Ross, 1048, 1063

Bru, Laredo, 992

Brucker, Josef, 758 Bruckman, Henriette, 1065 Brueghel, Pieter (the Elder), 129

Bruggemann, Friedrich, 407-408

Brummer, 94, 183. See also Argentina; Brazil; Koseritz, Karl von

Brundage, Avery, 847, 848

Bruning, Heinrich, 184-186, 463-464, 1036.

See also Great Depression; Intellectual exile; Morgenthau Plan; Shuster, Georg Naumann; Treaty of Versailles

Bryan, Anna, 609, 610

Bryan, Walter, 1114

Bryan, William Jennings, 53, 128, 821

Bryant, Clara, 358

Bryant, Sebastian, 681-682 Brzezinski, Zbigniew K., 390 Buber, Martin, 657

Buch, Hans Christoph, 281, 687, 688

Buchanan, James, 769

Buchanan, Robert, 1010

Buchberger, Johann, 809

Bucher, Karl, 794

Buchner, Georg, 501

Buck, George, 188, 956

Buckner, Edmundo, 1184

The Buddenbrooks (Die Buddenbrooks; Mann), 717-718

Budge, Henry, 377

Budge, Schiff, and Company, 377

Budge, William, 716 Budzislawski, Hermann, 261 Buechel, Eugene, 557

Buena Vista Social Club (film), 1133-1134

Buffalo, New York, 127-129, 186-189

Amana Colonies in, 55-56 during American Civil War, 186

Catholicism in, 187 German culture in, 187-188

German leadership in, 187-188

immigration to, 186 Nazism propaganda in, 189

during post-World War II era, 188-189

during World War I, 188 during World War II, 189 See also Cincinnati;

Friends of the New Germany; Hexamer, Charles J.; National German American Alliance; Schwab, Frank X.

Buffalo Bill (Buffel-Wilhelm; William F. Cody), 190-192, 546, 559.

See also Indians, in

German literature

Buffalo Bill's Wild West

Show, 190-192

Buffalo Child Long Lance, 559

Buffalo Federation of German

Societies, 189

Buffalo German Insurance

Company, 128

Buffalo Orpheus, 188 Buffalo Post, 187

Buffalo Synod, 709

Buffalo Times, 956

Buffalo Volksfreund (People's

Friend), 880

Buffaloer Arbeiter Zeitung (Buffalo Workingman's News), 187, 188

Buffel-Wilhelm. See Buffalo

Bill

Buhl, Herman, 317 Buhle, Mari Jo, 1152 Bulge, Battle of the, 1175-1176

Bulletin of the German

Historical Institute, 423-424

Bulletin of the Leo Baeck

Institute, 658

Bulow, Bernhard von, 329,

372

Bundy, McGeorge, 771

Bunsen, Georg, 374

Bunsen, Gustav, 374

Bunsen, Johann Ernst Friedrich Gustav, 1026

Bunsen, Robert, 882 Buonarotti, Philipp, 1126 Burden of Dreams (documentary), 501-502

Burger- und Bauernzeitung (The Town and Country Journal), 929 Burgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB- Civil Code), 690, 691 Burgerzeitung (Citizens Newspaper), 542 Burgerzeitung und Illinois Staatszeitung, 542 Burgess, John William, 195-196, 388. See also Gottingen, University of; World War I

The Burial Ground of Ancon (Das Todtenfeld von Ancon; Stubel and Reiss), 922-923, 1019

Burkart, Hermann Joseph, 762

Burkholder, Benjamin, 924-925

Burks, Allen L., 1114 Burleson, Albert, 319, 1165 Burmeister, Carl Hermann Conrad, 196-197.

See also Argentina; Brackebusch, Ludwig; Humboldt, Alexander von

Burmeister, Hermann, 94, 159

Burritt, Ruth, 608 Burschenschaft Araucania, 238

Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee (Begrabt mein Herz an der Biegung des Flusses; Brown), 560

Busch, Adolphus, 130, 133, 373, 1029, 1076, 1165

Busch, Moritz Julius, 715-716

Buschbeck, Adolph, 63, 64 Buschheuer, Else, 688

Bush, George H. W., 438, 439, 959, 1073

Bush, George W., 616, 688 Bush, Prescott, 198 Business, U.S.-Third Reich,

198- 200

Ford Motor Company and, 198-200

General Motors and, 198,

199- 200

See also Lindberg, Charles; Ford, Henry; World War II

Bustamante administration, 742

Butler, Nicholas Murray, 70, 195

B.W. Huebsch, Inc., 520 Byrnes, James F., 68 Byrnes, John, 916-917 Byron, Lord, 116 Byuschanse brothers, 963

Cabet, Etienne, 266, 497, 1126

The Cabin Book, or National Characteristics (Das Cajutenbuch oder nationale Charakteristiken; Sealsfield), 265

The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari; film), 342 Cagliostriana (Griesinger), 466

Cahensly, Peter Paul, 201-202, 754, 993.

See also St. Raphael's Association for the Protection of German Catholic Emigrants Calderon, Fanny, 623 Calendar. See German almanacs Calhoun, John C., 469 California, 111, 226 California Freie Presse

(California Free Press), 880

California Institute of Technology (Cal Tech), 303

“Call to Arms” (Mumford), 794

Calles, Plutarco Elias, 1052 Calloway, James N., 1114 Calvert, George Henry, 1045 Camacho, Manuel Avila, 735 Campe, Hoachim Heinrich, 682

Campfire in the Country of the Indians (Lagerfeuer im Indianerland; Rieder), 559

Canada

anti-German sentiment in,

208- 209

during Cold War, 211

German assimilation in, 202-203

German immigration to, 207, 211

German Jewish refugees in, 208

German Labor Front in, 207

German language in, 202, 204, 205, 209

German settlement in, 203

Germans in, during World Wars I and II, 202-211

during Great Depression, 207

Hutterites in, 210, 211 immigration to, 6-11, 33-34

Mennonites in, 202, 206, 207, 210-211

National Socialist German Worker's Party in, 207

nativism in, 203, 204

NATO and, 212-215 Nazism propaganda in, 207

during post-World War I era, 206-208

religion in, 202-203 during World War I, 1169-1170, 1184-1185

during World War II,

209- 211, 1186-1188

See also Berlin, Ontario; Ontario; Nova Scotia Canada Museum und Allgemeine Zeitung (Canada Museum and General Newspaper), 855

Canadian military forces, in

West Germany, 212-216

Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), 1169-1170

Der Canadische Bauernfreund (The Canadian Farmer's Friend), 855, 1120

Canadische Volkszeitung (Canadian People's Newspaper), 855

Canby, Edward S., 859-860

The Candle and the Flame (Viereck), 1097

Capa, Robert, 886

The Captain of Kopenick (Der Hauptmann von Kopenick; Zuckmayer), 1199

Captivity narratives, 543-545

Car industry, Americanization and, 78

Cardenas, Lazaro, 614, 735, 744

CARE. See Cooperative for American Remittance to Europe

Carel, Alexis, 671

Carey, Mathew, 306-307

CARIA. See Committee for the Support of German Jewish Refugees

Caribbean, immigration to, 24

Cario, O. R., 142

Caritas, 259

Carlu, Jean, 862

Carlyle, Thomas, 357, 400, 1043

Carmichael, William, 1053 Carnegie Corporation, 1076 Carot, Jean Baptiste Camille, 155

Carpeaux (Karpfen), Otto Maria, 174

Carr Line, 480

Carranza, Venustiano, 216-217, 734, 744, 858. See also Mexico

Carstens, Karl, 443

Carter, Jimmy, 615, 849, 920 Carvajal, Gaspar de, 500

Carvalho e Melo, Jose

Sebatiao de, 165-166 Carver, George Washington,

1114

Casa Publicadora Concordia,

407

Casablanca Conference,

218-219. See also

Tehran Conference;

World War II Casablanca (film), 257 Casas, Bartolome de las, 255 The Case Law System in

America

(Prajudizienrecht und Rechtsprechung in Amerika; Llewellyn), 690

The Case of Lena Smith

(film), 1003 Case-Sponible sound system,

512 Casement, Sir Roger,

749-750 Cassandre, A. M., 862 Cassel, Hans, 584 Cassirer, Ernst, 562, 1013 Cassirer, Paul, 129 Castell-Castell, Count Carl

of, 41, 265 Castro, Cipriano, 1093 Castro, Fidel, 1014 Catherine II, 1101 Catherine the Great, 598 Catholic Center Party, 184 Catholic German Women's

Organization (KDF;

Katholischer deutscher Frauenbund), 219,

221

Catholic Herald, 458 Catholic Kolping Society,

247

Catholic priests, and Latin

America, Nazis in, 652 Catholic Publishing

Company (CPC),

457, 459

The Catholic Spirit in Modern English Literature (Shuster), 969

Catholic Tribune, 457, 458 Catholic Women's League of

Wisconsin, 221

Catholic Women's Union

(CWU), 219-222 birth control laws and, 221

Child Labor Amendment and, 220, 221, 222 class differences and, 221 maternal assistance programs of, 219,

220- 221, 222

patron saint of, 220, 222 social reform and,

219-220, 220-221 traveler's aid networks of,

221

during World War I,

221- 222

See also German Catholic Central-Verein; German American Women's Organizations

Catholicism, 7-8

in Brazil, 174, 176-178, 183

in Buffalo, New York,

187

in Chile, 237-238 in Cincinnati, 242

See also American churches; Religion

Catlin, George, 154

CCA. See Container Corporation of America

CCAR. See Central Conference of American Rabbis

CCS. See Church of Christ, Scientist

CDG. See Council for a Democratic Germany

CEH. See Guatemalan Commission for Historical Clarification

Center Party, 458

Central America colonization of, 254-256 immigration to, 24

Central American Indian languages, 43-44, 45

Central-Blatt and Social Justice, 420, 421, 604, 605

Central Committee of the Freie Deutsche Jugend (FDG; Free German Youth), 389, 390

Central Conference of American Rabbis (CCAR), 16, 594

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Radio Free Europe and, 911

Central Labor Union, 417

Central Park, 222—225 aesthetics of, 224—225 bridges in, 225 German landscape architecture in, 222, 223-224 indigenous rock and plants in, 224 landscape design competition and, 223 as outdoor picture gallery, 225

social vision for, 223-224 See also Landscape architects, German American

Central-Verein. See German Catholic Central- Verein

Century, 973

Cezanne, Paul, 129 Chaco War, 642

Chadwick, George, 800 Chagall, Marc, 563 Chamberlain, Houston

Stewart, 321

Chambre 666(film), 1133 Chamisso, Adelbert von, 225-227, 556.

See also Literature (German), Indians in; Kino, Eusebius Franciscus; Travel literature, German- U.S.

Chancellorsville, Battle of, 299, 371

Chandler, Raymond, 1144 Channing, William Ellery, 357

Chaplin, Charles, 180, 338, 343, 1003

Chapman, Victor, 1159 Chapter of Perfection, 603

Character-washing

(Charakterwasche; Schrenk-Notzing), 159

Charell, Erik, 1091 Chargaff, Erwin, 577, 582 The Charge into Paititi

(Borstoβ nach Paititi; film), 317

Charles III, 740

Charles IV, 530

Charles V, 93, 254, 863, 945 Che Lumumba Club, 267

Chemen des Dames, 332 Chemnitzer Freie Presse

(Chemnitz Free Press), 778

Chenal, Pierre, 1017 Cherusker, Hermann der,

336

Chewing gum, 227-229 americanization and, 227 black market and, 228 GIs and, 227-228 history of, 227 opposition toward, 229 sale of, in American

Occupation Zone, 228 as silent protest, 229 World War II and, 227 See also Americanization;

Coca-Cola; Consumerism;

McDonald’s Restaurant

Chiapas: Geography of a Mexican State

(Chiapas. Geografia de un Estado Mesicano;

Helbig), 496-497

Chicago, 229-233

Altgeld and, 51-53 during American Civil

War, 229-230,

231- 232 anti-German sentiment

in, 230, 233

beer in, 132 cultural institutions in,

232- 233

economic growth in, 229, 230-231

German associations in,

231

German businesses in,

232

German culture in, 230 German-language press in, 232-233

German neighborhoods in, 232

Hull-House and, 38-39, 40

immigration to, 229, 230-231, 539-540

Nazism propaganda in,

233

population of, 229, 230-231

during post-World War I era, 233

prohibition era in, 231 urban violence in, 229 during World War I, 233 during World War II,

233

See also Addams, Jane; Altgeld, John P.; Anarchists; Bauhaus; Cincinnati; 82nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment; Forty-Eighters; German American Bund; Haymarket Riot; Hecker, Friedrich; Heym, Stefan; Illinois; Illinois Staatszeitung; Intellectual exile; Judaism, Reform (North America); Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig; Salomon, Edward S.; Socialist Labor Party Chicago Abendblatt, 810 Chicago Arbeiter Zeitung (Chicago Workers’ Newspaper), 542 Chicago fire of 1871, 232 Chicago Katholisches Wochenblatt (Catholic Weekly), 880 Chicago Relief and Aid Society, 232 Chicago Symphony, 232,

800

Chicago Tribune, 291, 541,

619

Chicago Vorbote (Harold), 977

Chicago World Fair of 1893, 193

Child Labor Amendment, 220, 221, 222 Children of Fortune (Gluckskinder; film), 344

Children of God (K. K. Ben Yeshurun) synagogue, 243

Childs, David, 422 Chile, 234-239 agriculture, trade, and industry in, 236 during American Civil War, 238-239 colonization in, 234, 235-236 conquest of, 254, 255 economic development in, 236

German entrepreneurs in, 236

German language in, 234, 238

German-language press in, 234, 237

German organizations in, 238

hospitals in, 238 immigration to, 24, 29, 234, 235-236 naturalized German

Chileans in, 239

Nazi propaganda in, 237,

238

religion in, 234, 237-238 schools in, 236-237 during World War I, 236,

239

during World War II, 236, 238, 239

See also Latin America; individual countries in Latin America Chile: Its Regional Geographical Individuality and Structure (Chile-seine landerkundliche Individualist und Struktur; Weischet), 1122

Chipman, Norton P., 1147 Chomsky, Noam, 83, 533 Chotjewitz, Peter O., 687 Christian Democratic Union (CDU; Christlich Demokratische Union), 146, 186, 439 Christian Front, 410 Christian National Trade Union, 184

Der Christliche Apologete (The Christian Apologist), 242 Christopher Street, 890 Chronicle of the volcanic hazards and earthquakes in Ecuador, with some remarks on other countries in Central and South America between 1533 and 1797 (Cronica de los fenomenos volcdnicos y terremetos en el Ecuador, con algunas noticias sobre otres paises de la America central y meridional, desde 1533 hasta 1797; Wolf), 1151 Chrysler, 258 Church of Christ, Scientist (CCS), 57

Church of God (Freikirchlicher Bund der Gemeinde Gottes), 60, 426

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. See Mormons

Church of Scientology, 57 Church of the Nazarene (Kirche der Nazarener), 60

Church of the United Brethren in Christ, 426

Churches. See American churches

Churchill, Winston, 218, 773

Nuremberg trials and, 839

and postwar Germany, plans for, 1081-1082 Tehran Conference and,

1022-1023

World War II and, 1171, 1172

CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency

CIAM. See Congresses International of

Architecture Modern CIC. See Counterintelligence

Corps Cincinnati, 239-247 during American Civil

War, 241 anti-German sentiment in,

241, 244, 246-247 beer and beer gardens in,

244- 245 churches in, 247 German breweries in, 246 German culture in,

243-245

German influence in,

245- 246 German-Jewish immigrants

in, 242-243 German language in, 247 German-language press in,

243

German music ban in, 247 German neighborhoods

in, 240

German organizations in, 243-244

German population in,

240 German professionals in,

240

industry in, 240 nativism in, 240-241 political influence in, 240-242

prohibition era in, 247

Protestants and Catholics

in, 242 religion in, 240, 242-243 schools in, 244 during World War I, 241,

245, 246-247

during World War II, 240

See also American Civil

War, German particpants in; Beer;

Forty-Eighters; Hecker, Friedrich; Judaism, Reform (North

America); Landscape architects, German American; Newspaper Press (U.S.), German- language in; Roebling, Johann Augustus; Roebling, Washington Augustus; Strauch, Adolph; Turner Societies; Verein; Willich, August von; Wise, Isaac Mayer Cincinnati (barge), 239—240 Cincinnati Horticultural

Society, 245

Cincinnati Republikaner (Cincinnati Republican), 1146

Cincinnati Symphony, 245, 631, 632, 801

Cincinnati Zoological Society, 245

CIP. See Jewish Community of Sao Paulo

Cities and Culture of North America (Stadteund Kulturbilder aus Nordamerika; Ratzel), 914

The Cities of South America (Die Stadte Sudamerikas; Wilhelmy), 1145 Citizen's Advisory Committee on the Fitness of America's Youth, 292

City Girl (film), 798

City Planning House (Hegemann), 495

Civil aviation, 978-979

Civil Liberty and Self­Government (Lieber), 668

Civil rights movement, 434 Civil Service Law (Gesetz zur Wiederherstellung des Berufsbeamtentums), 562

Civil War. See American Civil War

Civilian internees and German prisoners, 1167-1169

Civilization and Wilderness (Zivilisation und

Wildniss; Sedgewick), 558-559

Clark, Mark, 1173

Clark, William, 1090, 1140 Clarke, Hans T., 581 Classical Reform, 301, 594 Clauss, Otto, 1001

Claussen, Johann Georg, 182 Clay, Henry, 107

Clay, Lucius D., 67, 77, 274, 413, 433, 448, 774, 915-916, 1037, 1083, 1136

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 775 Clemens, Olivia, 1063-1064 Clemens, Samuel. See Twain, Mark

Cleveland, Grover, 53, 128 Cleveland Wachter am Erie (Watchman on the Erie), 907

The Climates of the Earth (Die Klimate der Erde; Hettner), 505 Clodius, Christian August Heinrich, 968 Clouzot, Henri-Georges, 901 Clubs. See German American clubs

Cluss, Adolf (pseud. C. Lange), 248-249. See also Landscape architects, German American

Coca-Cola, 227, 229, 250-251

advertisements of, 250-251

Americanization and, 78, 250

brands and, 250 consumerism and, 250, 257

Nazism and, 250 slogans of, 250-251 during World War II, 250 See also Americanization; Chewing gum; Consumerism; McDonald's Restaurant Code Civil (Code Napoleon), 690

Cody, William F. See Buffalo Bill

Coffee: The Epic of a

Commodity (Jacob),

521

Coffee Mill (Kafeemuehle),

382

Cogswell, Joseph Green, 325, 326, 453, 1037, 1045

Cohen, Naomi W., 21 Cohn, Alfred E., 1077 Cohnstaedt, Wilhelm, 680 Cold War, 135, 136, 261,

364

Canada during, 211 denazification and, 276 German unification and,

438

Mexico during, 737 Paraguay during, 867 space race and, 164

Cole, Taylor, 390

Cole, Thomas, 154 Colegio Aleman school,

733-734, 736-737 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 1043

Collected Writings (Gesammelte Schriften;

W. Humboldt), 533 Collier’s, 619 Colomb, Maria Elizabeth von, 532

Colombia conquest of, 255 immigration to, 24

Colombian-German Air

Transport Company (SCADTA; Sociedad Colombo-Alemana de Transportes Aereos),

978- 982 competition and, 980-982 Deutsche Luft Hansa and,

980- 981 during the Great

Depression, 981-982 in Latin America,

979- 982 monopoly of, 980 PAN AM and, 980,

981- 982

Syndicato Condor and,

980- 981

See also Lindbergh, Charles A.; Treaty of Versailles

Colonial Empires and

Colonial Projects of Our Days (Die Kolonialreiche und Kolonisation-sprojekte der Gegenwart; Deckert), 273 Columbian German Air Transport Company. See Sociodad Colombo Alemana de Transportes Aeros Columbu, Franco, 959 Columbus, Christopher, 112, 114, 373, 660 Columbus Platform, 594 Commentary, 381 Commercial Advertiser, 187 Committee for the Support of German Jewish Refugees (CARIA; Comisao de Assistencia aos Refugiados Israelitas da Alemanha), 173 Committee on Public Information (CPI), 252-253, 1164 Division of Work with the Foreign-Born, 252 film distribution and, 253

Friends of German Democracy and, 252-253

German militarism and, 252, 253

purpose of, 252, 253 Speaking Division, 252, 253

See also Lieber, Francis; Schurz, Carl; Sigel, Franz; World War I Committee to Investigate Un-American Activities, 411 Commons, John R., 484 The Commonweal (Schuster), 969

Communism, 265

film (American) and, 339 Communist Party, 83, 267, 268

Community of True Inspiration (Wahre Inspirations-Gemeinde),

54-55

Compahla Minera de Peholes, 743

The Companions (Die Gefahrten; Seghers), 966

Complete Dictionary of the English and German Languages (Flugel), 355-356

Comte, Auguste, 168

Concepts and Theories of Modern Physics (Stallo), 243

“Concerning the Nature of North American United States or: Concerning the Bases of the Political Situation of the North Americans” (Duden), 284-285

Concord (English schooner), 873

Concordia Lutheran Church, 242

Condamine, Charles Marie de la, 395

The Condition of Man (Mumford), 794

Condor, 234

Confederation of Citizens of the German Reich (VDR; Verband Deutscher Reichsangehoriger), 734

Conference Committees for Democracy and Socialism, 268

Conference of Algeciras of 1906, 329

Conference on Jewish Material Claims, 657

Conference on Material Claims against Germany, 90

Confessing Church, 156

The Confessional Lutheran, 710

Confessions of a Barbarian (Viereck), 1097 Confessors of the Glory of Christ, 961

Confluence of the Fox River and the Wabash (Bodmer), 154

Confronting History (Mosse), 777

Congress of Vienna of 1815, 659

Congresses International of Architecture Modern (CIAM), 467

A Connecticut Yankee at King Arthur’s Court (Mark Twain), 1064

Conquista, 254-256. See also Mining; Schmidel, Ulrich

Conried, Heinrich, 800

Conservative Judaism, 594 Constanzia (Stroheim), 1017 Constitutional Government and Democracy (Friedrich), 390

Construction. See Aufbau

Consumerism, 256-258 American culture and, 256 American myths and, 257 Americanization and, 256 anti-American sentiment and, 258 assimilation and, 100 automobile industry and, 258

Coca-Cola and, 250, 257 cultural programs and, 257-258

democratization and, 257 disposable incomes and, 257

film and, 256-257, 345 German youth rebellion and, 258

McDonald’s Restaurant and, 258

media and, 258

MTV and, 258 and U.S. government, influence of, 257-258 See also Coco-Cola;

Hollywood; Mass consumption; McDonald’s Restaurant; Volkswager Company Container Corporation of America (CCA), 125 Continental Drift and the

Geology of the South Atlantic Ocean (Kontinentaldrift und Geologie des sudatlantischen Ozeans; Maack), 714 Continental Society for the Diffusion of Religious Knowledge over the Continent of Europe, 59

A Contribution to the Characteristics of the Botokudian Language (Ein Beitrag zur Charakteristk der botokudischen Sprache; Ehrenreich), 295 Contributions to the Ethnology of Brazil (Beitrage zur Volkerkunde Brasiliens; Ehrenreich), 295 Contributions to the Lore of Brazil's Mountains (Beitrage zur Gebirgskunde Brasiliens; Eschwege), 318

Contributions to the Natural History of Brazil (Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte Brasiliens; Wied- Neuwied), 1140

Conversations-Lexicon (Brockhaus Konversations-Lexicon), 667

Conversations with Goethre in the Last Years of His Life (Gesprache mit Goethre in den letzten Jahren seines Lebens; Eckermann), 401 Cooder, Ry, 1133 Cook, Walter W. S., 563 Coolidge, Calvin, 271, 290, 1197

Cooper, Gary, 279, 863 Cooper, James Fenimore, 453, 555-556, 557, 558, 559, 676, 684, 834, 965, 1045

Cooper, Sarah Brown

Ingersoll, 608-609, 610

Cooperative for American Remittance to Europe (CARE), 259-261 The Cordillera States (Die Cordillerenstaaten; Sievers), 971

Corinth, Lovis, 129 Corman, Roger, 697-698 Cornelius, Hans, 47 Cornwallis, Edward, 830 Corpus Schwenkfeldianorum, 960, 963

Cosby, William, 1194-1195 Cosmopolitan, 619

Cosmos (A. Humboldt), 531, 532

Cotl, Otilia Lux de, 1040 Cotta, Baron von, 488 Cottas Morgenblatt (Morning Journal for Educated Readers), 975

The Cottonpickers (Die Baumwollpflucker; Traven), 1052 Coughlin, Charles, 589 Coughlin, Father, 410 Council for a Democratic Germany (CDG), 261-262.

See also Aufbau; Brecht, Bertolt, Fromm, Erich; Intellectual exile; Lorre, Peter; Mann, Thomas; Morgenthau Plan; Neumann, Franz L.; Tehran Conference; Thompson, Dorothy; Vansittartism; Zuckmayer, Carl Council of Relief Agencies Licensed for Operation in Germany (CRALOG), 259-261

Council of States, 68 Counselor at Law (film), 1189

Counterintelligence Corps (CIC), 652

Counterrevolution and Revolt, 720, 721

The Country and the People

of the Union (Land und Leute in der Union; Douai), 974-975 Courant, Richard, 460 Der Courier, 205 The Courier (Der Courier;

Baudissin), 121 The Court of Mexico

(Kollonitz), 622 Cousin, Victor, 1043 Covarrubias, Miguel, 862 The Covered Wagon (Hough),

619

Cowley, Malcolm, 520 Cox, George B., 241 Cox, James, 897 CPC. See Catholic

Publishing Company CPI. See Committee on

Public Information CPR. See Canadian Pacific

Railway CRALOG. See Council of

Relief Agencies

Licensed for

Operation in

Germany

Crawford, Johnson, 840 Creeds of Christendom

(Schaff), 939 Creel, George, 252, 253 Cretin, Bishop Joseph, 766 Crevecoeur, Michel St. Jean

de, 1045 Crick, Francis, 582 Crime and Punishment

(Dostoyevsky), 1003 The Croesus of Philadelphia (Der Krosus von Philadelphia;

Strubberg), 1018 Cromberger, Hans, 760-761 Cromberger, Jacob, 254 Cronenberg, David, 1134 Crosland, Alan, 1091 Cross, James, 1050 Crossing (Uberfahrt;

Seghers), 967

The Crusaders (Heym), 507 Crusemann, Carl Eduard, 826-827

Cuba, S.S. St. Louis and,

991-992 Cukor, George, 1092

Cultivation of Germanity (Deutschtumspflege), 441

Cultural and Social Society of Brazilian Jews (SIBRA; Sociedade Israelita Brasileira de Cultura e Beneficencia), 173 Cultural Impressions from California (Californische Kulturbilder; Kirchhoff), 613

Cultural relations program, U.S., in West Germany, 365—367 The Culture of Cities (Mumford), 794 Cundinamarca valley, 255 Cunha, Flores da, 337 Cunningham, Imogen, 885 Cuno, Wilhelm, 271 Currie, Arthur, 1185 Curtiz, Michael, 697, 1092 “A Custom of the Island of Cea” (Coustume de l'Isle de Cea”; Montaigne), 526

CV. See German Catholic Central-Verein

CWU. See Catholic Women's Union

Czinner, Paul, 1091 Czolgosz, Leon, 83

D-Day, 1174-1175 Da Fonseca, J. R., 407 DADD. See German

Academic Exchange Service

Daedalus, 381

DAF. See German Laborers Front

Dafoe, John, 203

Daily American Tribune, 457, 458

Daily Tribune, 457 Damrosch, Leopold, 799-800

Dandridge, Dorothy, 902 Danish-German war, 827 Danish War, 575 Dante, 586, 695, 794 Danzer, Carl, 92 Darlan, Jean-Francois, 219 Darmstaedters (Gesselschaft der Vierziger; Society of the Forty), 265-266.

See also Adelsverein; Fredericksburg, Texas; New Braunfels, Texas; Sealsfield, Charles; Texas; Weitling, Wilhelm

Darrieux, Danielle, 1143 Darrow, Clarence, 53 Darwin, Charles, 320, 409, 626, 1151

Dassin, Jules, 1092 Daughter's Institute (Tochter Institut), 755 Davenport, Charles

Benedict, 323 Davidson, David, 1050 Davis, Angela Yvonne, 51, 267-268, 810, 1068.

See also Adorno, Theodor Wiesengrund; Frankfurt School; Marcuse, Herbert Davis, Bette, 278, 1189 Davis, Frank, 267 Davis, Gray, 959 Davis, Harry, 512 Davis, Jefferson, 1147 Davis, Norman, 1079 Davis, Sally, 267 Davis, Sammy, Jr., 902 Davis, William Morris, 505 Dawes, Charles G., 269, 271-272

Dawes Plan, 269-272. See also Great Depression; Treaty of Versailles; World War I

Daws Commmittee, 269, 272

Day of Freedom-Our Army (Tag der Freiheit- Unsere Wehrmacht; film), 316-317 DCR. See Defence of Canada Regulations De Bois, Coert, 992

De Bry, Theodor, 373, 1044

De Fire Djaevle (Bang), 798

De Gaulle, Charles, 1070

De Kalb, Johann, 600

De Leon, Daniel, 977, 978

De Soto, Hernando, 373

De Stijl movement, 123

De Wette, Wilhelm, 357

The Dead on the Island Djal (Die Totel auf der Insel Djal; Seghers), 966 The Dead Stay Young (Die Toten bleiben jung; Seghers), 967

Dean, James, 78, 1132

Dean Reed: From My Life (Dean Reed. Aus meinem Leben), 920

Deane, Charles, 620

Deane, Silas, 1053

Dearborn Independent, 199

Deaver, Michael, 146, 148 Die Deborah, 17, 243, 1150 Debs, Eugene, 753, 758, 978

Debye, Peter, 149

Decartelization, Americanization and, 78

Decentralization, 66

Deception (film), 342

The Decision (Die Entscheidung; Seghers), 967

Deckert, Friedrich Karl Emil, 272-273. See also Sievers, Wilhelm

Declaration of Potsdam of 1945, 66

DEFA. See Deutsche Film Aktiengesellschaft

Defence of Canada Regulations (DCR), 208, 209

Degener, Eduard, 836 Degenerate Art, 129, 130 “Degenerate Music” exhibit of 1938, 49

Deiler, J. Hanno, 700, 816 Deitschlanner

(Deutschlander), 287

DELAG. See German Airship Corporation

Delaplain, A. C., 990 Delbruck, Max, 577, 582 d'Elhuyar, Fausto, 762 d'Elhuyar, Juan, 762 Demilitarization, 66 Democracy in America (Tocqueville), 468

Der Democrat, 248 Democratic New Beginning, 439

Democratization, 66 consumerism and, 257 Demokrat (The Democrat), 188

The Demon of the Himalayas (Der Damon of the Himilayas; film), 316

Denazification, 66, 67,

273- 276 approaches to, 274 Cold War and, 276 defendant categories and,

275

during German occupation, 273,

274- 275

NSDAP and, 274 problems of, 275 program magnitude and, 274, 275 purges and, 274-275 war tribunals and, 274-275

See also Nuremberg Trials; World War II

Dengler, Adolph, 64-65 Denis, Paul Camille, 674 Department of External Affairs, 209

DesBrisay, Mather Byles, 832

Description of British Guiana (Schomburgk), 948 Description of His Journey (Reissbeschreibung; Seppenburg), 93

A Descriptive Catalogue of Maps Relating to America Mentioned in Hakluyt’s Great Work (Kohl), 620

The Desert Fox (film), 338

Despatchs and True News about the Rise and Expansion of Christendom among the Heathens in the New World, also about the Persecution and Salvation of the Chief Apostolic Priests (Sendschreiben und warhaffte Zeytunggen, Von Aussgang un Verweiterung des Christenthums bey den hayden in der neuer Welt Auch von Vervolgung und Heiliskeit der Geistlichen Apostolischen Vorsteher), 739

Dessent, 381

Destiny (Der Made Tod; film), 342

Detroit Post, 954 Deutsch, 287, 288 Deutsch-Amerikanisches

Magazin (German American Magazine), 243

Deutsch Zeitung von Mexico (German Newspaper of Mexico), 733

Deutsche Bank, 743 Deutsche Blatter (German

Pages), 908

Deutsche Brassier Zeitung (German Brussels Newspaper), 248

Der Deutsche Canadier und Neuigkeitsbote (The German Canadian and News Messenger), 855 Deutsche Evangelische Blatter fur Brasilien (German Evangelical News for Brazil), 282, 283, 442 Deutsche Film

Aktiengesellschaft (DEFA), Indian films of, 546-550 titles of, 546

Deutsche Frauen-Zeitung (German Women's

Newsletter), 84

Deutsche Geographische Blatter (German Geographical News), 630

Deutsche Grauenzeitung (German Women's Journal), 754

Die Deutsche Hausfrau (The German Housewife), 907

Der deutsche Kirchenfreund (The German Church Advocate), 938 Deutsche La Plata Zeitung (German La Plata Newspaper), 95

Deutsche Luft Hansa, 980-981

Der Deutsche Pionier (The German Pioneer), 243

Deutsche Post (German Mail), 442, 928-929

Deutsche Presse (German Press), 857

Der Deutsche Reformer (The German Reformer), 1120

Der Deutsche (The German), 184

Der deutsche Vorkampfer (The German Pioneer), 1097-1098

Deutsche Werkbund, 794

Deutsche Zeitung fuer Chile (German Newspaper for Chile), 237

Deutsche Zeitung (German Newspaper), 138, 406, 442, 625, 855

Deutscher Literaturfonds, 281

Deutscher Werkruf und Beobachter (German Wake-Up Call and Observer), 411

Deutschland, 287, 1156, 1157-1158

The Development of a Novel (Die Entstehung des Doktor Faustus; Mann), 719

The Development of

Geographical and Ethnological Knowledge of Central America in the 16th Century (“Die Entwicklung der landerund volkerkundlichen Kenntnisse uber Mittelamerika im 16. Jahrhundert”; Termer), 1024

The Devil Is a Woman (film), 1003

The Devil's General (Des Teufels General; Zuckmayer), 1200

Dewey, John, 123, 261, 609, 610

DGIA. See Foundation for German Humanities Institutes Abroad Dhein, Carlos, 747, 1001 Dial, 401, 402 Dialectic of Enlightenment (Dialektik der Aufkldrung; Horkheimer and Adorno), 48, 517-518 Dianetics (Hubbard), 57 Diary of a Journey from the

Mississippi to the Coasts of the Pacific with a United States Government Expedition (Tagebuch einer Reise vom Mississippi nach den Kusten der Sudsee; Mollhausen), 556, 768

DIAS, 912

Diaz, Felix, 858 Diaz, Porfirio, 216, 733 Dickinson, Emily, 312 Dickstein, Samuel, 87, 393, 394

Die Sierra Madre de Chiapas (Waibel), 1107

Die volkswehr (The People's Defense), 464 Dieffenbach, Anton, 887 Dieseldorff, C. W., 276 Dieseldorff, Erwin Paul, 276-277, 935. See also Sapper family

Dieseldorff, H. R., 276

Dieterle, William, 277-278, 514, 697, 921.

See also Hollywood, Leni, Paul; Murnau, Friedrich Wilhelm; Reinhardt, Max Dietrich, Joseph “Sepp,” 1175, 1176

Dietrich, Marlene Magdalene, 278-280, 512, 513-514, 574, 637, 703, 1003, 1199. See also Films (German), American influence on; Hollywood; Jannings, Emil; Reinhardt, Max; Sternberg, Josef von Dilger, Hubert “Leather Breeches,” 63

Dimension, 281

Dimension2, 280-281.

See also Literature (German), the U.S. in; Literature (German American), in the nineteenth century; Literature, German Canadian

Discoveries in Mexico (Entdeckungen in Mexico; Kisch), 614 Dishonored (film), 1003 Disney, Walt, 164, 1104 Dittenhoefer, Isaac, 150 Divina Commedia (Dante), 586

Doblin, Alfred, 518, 686 Dobrizhoffer, Martin, 93, 94, 282. See also Argentina; Paraguay

Doctor Faustus (Doktor Faustus; Mann), 312, 719, 950

Dodd, Martha, 478

Dodd, William E., 86-87, 478

Dodsworth (Lewis), 663 Dohms, Hermann Gottlieb, 282-283, 407, 441.

See also Brazil, religion in; Germanism, in Rio Grande do Sul

Dolgoff, Sam, 83

Doll, Friedrich Wilhelm, 882, 883

Dollfuss, Engelbert, 583

Don Carlos (Motley), 780

Donitz, Karl, 839

Donovan, William J., 1087

Don’t Come Knocking (film), 1134

Dorn, Melchior, 960

Dornberg, John, 422

Dorner, Isaak A., 938

Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 697, 1003

Doty, Paul M., 583

Douai, Adolf, 834, 835, 974-975

Double Indemnity (film), 1144

Douglas, Stephen A., 538, 821, 895

Douglass, Frederick, 103, 104, 105, 972, 975

Dr. Strangelove (film), 339

Drabsch, Gerhard, 560

Dracula (film), 797

Dragon in the Forest (Plant), 891

Dreher, Anton, 246

Dreiser, Theodore, 1048

Drescher, Martin, 387

Dresdner Bank, 743

Droysen, Johann Gustav, 195

Dryander, Johannes, 997

Du Bois, W E. B., 1048

Du Bois, William, 304

Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt, 49

Du Roy, Adolf, 679

Du Roy, Anton, 679

Du Roy, Wilhelm, 679

Dubuis, Oscar, 635

Duchamp, Marcel, 563

Ducos, Armand, 41

Duden, Gottfried, 121,

283-285, 498, 656, 787, 974, 1046.

See also Travel literature, Germany-U.S.

Duetsche Amerikanische

National Bund, 805

Duff, James M., 384, 836

Duguid, Fortescue, 1170

Dulk, Albert, 464

Dulles, Allan, 1037

Dungeon poetry (Kerkerpoesien; Weitling), 1126 Dunker, Wilhelm, 882 Dunkers, 239, 313 Dunt, Detlef, 285-287, 315.

See also Ernst, Friedrich; Texas; Travel literature, Germany-U.S. Duponceau, Peter S., 307 Dupont, Edwald Andre, 574, 654

Duss, Susanna, 484 Dutch, 287-288.

See also German unification; Pennsylvania German (Dutch); Pensylvania German (Dutch) language Dutch-Guyana: Experiences and Adventures of a 43-year Stay in the Colony of Dutch- Guyana (Hollandisch- Guiana. Erlebnisse und Erfahrungen wahrend eines 43jahrigen Aufenthalts in der Kolonie Surinam; Kappler), 602 Duvivier, Julien, 697, 1003 Dwight, Edwin, 1046 Dwight, Henry Edwin, 587 Dwight, Sarah, 116 Dyhrenfurth, Gunther O., 316

The Dying Indian to His Son (Der sterbende Indianer an seinen Sohn; Seume), 968

EAC. See European Advisory Commission

Eagle Horn, 191 Eagleton, Terry, 381 Eames, Charles, 126 Early History of Saxonburg (W. Roebling), 928 East German Academy of Sciences, 422

East Germany (Childs), 422 East Germany (GDR;

German Democratic

Republic), 69 antisemitism in, 90 study of, in U.S., 421-423 and U.S., relations between, 1071-1073 East Rider (film), 1132 Easter March (Ostermarsche)

movement, 390 Eastman, George, 885 Ebel, Johann Wilhelm, 783 Ebenezer, Georgia, 404, 405 Ebenezer Society, 55 EBF. See European Baptist

Federation Ebrard, Johannes August

Heinrich, 928 Eby, Benjamin, 139, 1115 Eby, Elias, 925 Ecclesiastical Miscellanies

from and about North

America (Kirchliche Mittheilungen aus und uber Nordamerika), 694 Echeverria, Luis, 736 Echo Germanica, 857 Eckener, Hugo, 289-290, 1198. See also Treaty of Versailles; Zeppelin Eckerlin, Israel, 313, 314 Eckerlin, Samuel, 313 Eckermann, Johann Peter,

454 Eckermann, Peter, 401 Eckhardt, Heinrich von,

744, 1158 ECSC. See European Coal

and Steel Community Eddy, Mary Baker, 57 Ederle, Gertrud, 291-292 Ederle, Margaret, 291 Edict of Nantes of 1685,

830 Edison, Thomas, 124, 512 Edison Illuminating

Company, 358 Edison Manufacturing

Company, 341 The Education of Man

(Frobel), 609 Educational Alliance, 16 Edward VII, 1000 Edwards Law, 539 EG. See Evangelican

Association Ege, George, 762

Egg Harbor City, New Jersey, 157, 292-294. See also Fredericksburg, Texas; Hermann, Missouri; New Braunfels, Texas Eggenhofer, Nicholas, 619 Egmont (Goethe), 780 Egos and Civilization (Marcuse), 720 Egoyan, Atom, 1134 Ehinger, Georg, 254 Ehinger, Heinrich, 254 Ehrenberg, Herman, 1026 Ehrenfeuchter, Friedrich August Eduard, 928 Ehrenreich, Paul Max Alexander, 295-296, 1001.

See also Argentina; Brazil; Steinen, Karl von den Eichler, Moritz, 244 Eichmann, Karl Adolf, 96,

296- 297, 651, 652. See also Argentina; Latin America, Nazis in

82nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment,

297- 300.

See also American Civil War; Chicago; Hecker, Friedrich; Salomon, Edward S.; Schurz, Carl; Schimmelpfennig, Alexander

Ein Robinson (film), 317 Einhorn, David, 15, 17, 18, 300-301, 592, 593, 595, 621, 622, 1149-1150.

See also Judaism, Reform (North America); Kohler, Kaufmann; Wise, Isaac Mayer Einhorn, Karl Friedrich, 459 Einstein, Albert, 21, 88, 124, 302-305, 562, 575-576, 819, 1075-1076, 1141, 1142, 1199. See also Intellectual exchange; Wigner, Eugen(e) Paul Eirich, Frederick, 583 Eisenacher Social Democratic Labor Party (Eisenacher Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei), 669 Eisenhower, Dwight D., 67, 292, 507

Battle of the Bulge and, 1175

North African landings, during World War II and, 1173

Rhine crossing, during World War II and, 1178

Eisenhower administration, 367, 1071

Eisenman, Peter, 90 Eisenstaedt, Alfred, 886 Eisler, Hanns, 949

Eizenstat, Stuart, 90

El Dorado, 255

El Dorado, or, Adventures in the Path of Empire (Taylor), 1021

El Pats, 868

Elbe, Joachim von, 1180 ELCA. See Evangelical Lutheran Church in America

Elective Affinities (Die Wahlverwandschaften; Goethe), 401-402

Eliot, Charles, 224

Eliot, Charles W., 373, 796

Eliot, John, 937

Elisabeth Irwin high school, 267

Elkins, Herschel, 473

Ellen Levis (Singmaster), 973

Elliot, S. R., 1170 Ellwanger, George, 635 Elsner, Richard, 752 Eltges, Joseph, 189

Emanu-El, 150 Embden, Gustav, 580 Emergency Federation of Peace Forces, 39

Emergency Immigration Restriction Act of 1921 (Johnson Act), 19

Emergency Organization of German Anti-Fascists (Notgemeinschaft

Deutscher

Antifaschisten), 173 Emergency Relief

Appropriation Act, 411

Emergency Rescue Committee, 563

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 357, 400, 607, 1041, 1042, 1045

Emigrant House, 182

Emigrant Stories (emigrantengeschichten; Griesinger), 465

Emigration Act of 1832, 181 Emil and the Detectives

(Emil und die Detektive; film), 1143 Emmerich, Lothar, 512 Emmerich, Roland, 346,

514

Emperor William the Great (Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse), 827

Empress of China (trading vessel), 107

EMTV, 258 Enabling Act, 185 Encyclopaedia Americana, 305-311

contributors to, 307 German authors in,

308- 309

German philosophers and theologians in,

309- 310

German scholars in, 308, 310

German scientists in, 310 Germany in, 307-308 weakness of, 310-311 See also Adelung, Johann Christoph; Bancroft, George; Everett, Edward; Gottingen, University of; Humboldt, Wilhelm von; Lieber, Francis; Ticknor, George; Transcendentalism; Vater, Johann Severin The End of Violence (film), 1134

Ende, Amalie (Amelia) von, 311-312

See also Anneke, Mathilde

Franziska

Ende, Heinrich von, 311 Ender, Thomas, 809 Endler, Adolf, 688, 1050 Endlicher, Stephan,

892-893

Enemy at the Gates (film),

339

Enerle, Josef, 1049 Engel, Georg, 490 Engelhardt, Heinrich

Adolph, 635 Engels, Erich, 345 Engels, Friedrich, 248, 668,

1145

England's World

Domination and the

War (englands Weltherrschaft und der Krieg; Hettner), 505 Engleman, Sophia, 618 The Enigma of Kaspar

Hauser (film), 501 Ense, Karl August

Varnhagen von, 103 Enslin, Gotthold Frederick,

1007

Enzensberger, Hans Magnus, 281, 686, 1049

Ephrata, 312-314.

See also Germantown,

Pennsylvania; Mann,

Thomas; Pennsylvania; Pietism; Weiser, Conrad

Ephron, Nora, 703 ERASMUS, 400, 435

Erasmus, 534

Erb, Abraham, 1115, 1119 Erb, John, 1115

Erd, Franz Ignatz, 242 Erdoes, Richard, 1131 Erhard, Ludwig, 1099 Erich, Bruno, 1049

Erikson, Erik, 562 Erkenbrecher, Andreas

(Andrew), 245, 246, 1011

Erlanger, Raphael, 62 Ernst, Andrew H., 245 Ernst, Friedrich, 40, 41,

286, 287, 314-316.

See also Adelsverein;

Duden, Gottfried;

Dunt, Detlef, Texas

Ernst, Johann Friedrich, 1025-1026

Ernst, Max, 563 Ernst August I, 459 Ernst II, 784

ERP. See European Recovery Program

Ertl, Hans, 316—317. See also Hollywood

Ervendberg, L. C., 814

The Escape (Die Retung;

Seghers), 966 Eschwege, Wilhelm Ludwig von, 318, 638, 762-763. See also Brazil; Mining Espionage Act of 1917, 900 Espionage and Sedition Act, 319-320, 1164, 1165. See also Newspaper Press

(U.S.), German language in; World War I, German Americans and; World War I, German prisoners and civilian internees in

Esquire, 890

An Essay on Liberation, 720-721

Estermann, Immanuel, 584, 585

Et in terra pax (May), 726 Ethical Culture Society, 622 The Ethics of Lao Tse with special emphasis on Buddhist Morality (Die Ethik Laotses mit besonderer Bezugnahme auf die buddhistische Moral; Rotermund), 928

Ethnic German Coordination Office (Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle), 645

Ethnological Museum (Museum fur Volkerkunde), 295

Ethnology (Volkerkunde;

Ratzel), 914

Ettwein, John, 888 Eugenic News, 323

Eugenics, 320-325. See also

Antisemitism;

Intellectual exchange Eugenics movement anti-immigrant sentiments and, 322, 323

Criminologists and,

321- 322 European intellectuals

and, 321-322 euthanasia program and,

324-325 financial assistance for,

323

Holocaust and, 325

Jews and, 321 marriage prohibition and,

322- 323

NSDAP and, 323 roots of, 320 sterilization program and,

322, 323, 324 in U.S., 322-323, 324 Well of Life program and,

323- 324

during World War I, 323 Euler, William D., 141, 206 Europa (ship), 828 European Advisory

Commission (EAC),

1023, 1080-1081 European Baptist Federation

(EBF), 59 European Coal and Steel

Community (ECSC), 363

European Community, 114 European Defense

Community, 364-365 European Economic

Community (EWG;

Europaische Wirtschaftsunion in Germany), 114 European Recovery Program.

See Marshall Plan European Russia (Das

europaische Russland;

Hettner), 505 Euthanasia, 324-325 Evangelical Alliance

(Evangelische Allianz),

60

Evangelical and Reformed

Church, 427

Evangelical Association (EG; Evangelische Gemeinschaft), 58 Evangelical Church of the Lutheran Confession, 283

Evangelical Lutheran Church, 240

Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA), 711

Evangelical Lutheran Synod, 710

Evangelical Synod of North America, 427

Even Dwarves Started Small (Auch Zwerge haben klein angefangen; film), 500

Evens in eight years of Brazilian history (Rerum per Octennium in Brasiliae...historia; Markgraf), 722 Everett, Edward, 306, 307, 325-327, 453, 459, 1037, 1038, 1045.

See also American students, at German universities; Bancroft; George; Encyclopedia Americana; Gottingen, University of; Motley, John Lothrop; Ticknor, George Evian Conference of 1938, 208

EWG. See European Economic Community

The Excursion of the Dead Young Girls (Der Ausflug der toten Madchen; Seghers), 967

Excursions of a Naturalist (Wandertage eines Naturforschers; Ratzel), 914

Exile. See Intellectual exile The Exiles (Robinson), 834 Expressionist movement, 123

Eymann, Conrad, 205 Eyring, Henry, 584

Fabacher, Joseph, 700 Fabri, Friedrich, 928 The Fabulous Baker Boys

(film), 515

Fa.chhochschu.len, 400 Fairbanks, Douglas, 343 Faith and Beauty (Glaube

und Schonheit; film), 317

The Faith (Das Vertrauen;

Seghers), 967 Faith for Living (Mumford),

794

Fajans, Kasimir, 584 Falckner, Daniel, 603 Falin, Valentin, 1138 Falk, Peter, 1133

Falklands War, 96 Falkner, Justus, 889 La Fanciulla del West (The

Child of the West;

Puccini), 190 Fanck, Arnold, 316-317 Fankuchen, Isidor, 583 Far East, U.S.-German

entente in, 329-331.

See also Sternburg,

Hermann Speck von;

Venezuelan crisis

Faraway, So Close!(film),

1134

Farrar, Geraldine, 801 Fassbinder, Rainer Werner,

351-352, 447, 1133 Fata Morgana (Douai), 834 Fata Morgana (film), 500 The Fatherland, 1098 Fatherland (Schutzhdftling

Nr. 880; Lewis), 664 Faulhaber, Hermann, 749 Faulhaber, Marie, 749 Faupel, Wilhelm, 331-332,

606, 642, 644.

See also Argentina; Latin

American, German military advisers in;

Latin America, Nazi party in; Treaty of Versailles

Fauser, Jorg, 687 Faust (Goethe), 326, 402,

695, 696, 1021, 1022 Favor (Gefallen; Mann), 718 Favores Celestiales (Kino),

612

Fawcett, Millicent Garrett, 565

FAZ. See Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung

FBI. See Federal Bureau of Investigation

FDG. See Central Committee of the Freie Deutsche Jugend

Feder, Ernst, 174

Federal Association of Environmental Citizens' Iniatives (BBU; bundesverband Burgerinitiativen Umweltschutz), 603

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 304, 305, 412, 671

Federal Chancellory (Bundeskanzleramt), 281

Federal Farm Credit Act of 1916, 420

Federal Institute of Technology, 163

Federal Republic of Germany. See West Germany

Federalist Revolution, 168

Federation of Baptist Congregations, 59

Federation of Evangelical Free Churches (VEF; Vereinigung Evangelischer Freikirchen), 60

Federation of Foreign German Associations (Verband Deutscher Vereine im Ausland), 171

Federation of Free Church Pentecost Congregations (Bund Freikirchlicher Pfingstgemeinden), 60

Federation of German American Clubs, 413

Federation of German

Associations (Verband Deutscher Vereine), 171

Federation of German Women's Clubs (BDF;

Bund Deutscher Frauenvereine), 192-194. See also Addams, Jane; International Council of Women Federation of Synods, 283 Federmann, Nikolaus, 255 Federspiel, Jurgen, 689, 1050

Fedora (film), 1144 Feingold, Russell, 1179 Feininger, Andreas, 333. See also Bauhaus; Photography Feininger, Lyonel, 123, 333 Feldmann, Nikolaus, 1044 Felheimer, Alfred, 246 Fellini, Federico, 447 Felmming, Paul, 695-696 Felsenthal, Bernhard, 592, 593, 1149

Feminism, anarchism and, 82

Fenwick, Bishop Edward, 658

Ferdinand, Emperor, 551 Fererbach, Friedrich, 600 Ferguson, John H., 999 Ferneding, Joseph, 242 Ferrocarriles Nacionales de

Mexico, 743 Fest-Commers, 335-336 Festivities, German-

Brazilian, 334-337.

See also Brazil; German unification (1871); Treaty of Versailles Festschriften, 334 Fettweis, Leopold, 241 Feuchtwanger, Lion, 108, 261, 518, 521, 523, 524, 525, 563, 663, 664, 908 Feuerbach, Ludwig, 928, 1126

Fichte, Hubert, 688

Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 667 Fichte-Bund, 410

Fick, Adolf, 691 Fick, Heinrich H., 244 Fielden, Samuel, 52, 490 Fifteen Years in America (Funfzehn Jahre in Amerika; Lenk), 656

Film (American), 338—340 ban on, in Germany, 342, 343

consumerism and, 256-257

export of, 341, 343,

344- 345, 346

German Communism and, 339 mad scientists and, 339-340

Nazism and, 338-339 See also Hollywood

Film (German)

angry young men movement and, 345 “author film” and, 347 Autorenfilme and, 347 ban on American films and, 342, 343 censorship, local tax policy and, 342 consumerism and, 345 distribution system of,

341

emigration of filmmakers, actors and, 343, 344 export of, 342-343 feature-length narrative and, 341

German filmmakers and, 353

“German” style of, 341,

342

heimatfilme and, 345 Indianer Filme and,

345- 346, 352-353 international film

industry and, 341 Nazi films and, 350-351 Nazism and, 344 New German Cinema and, 346, 347, 351, 352-353

Parufamet and, 343 during post-World War I era, 342

during post-World War II era, 345-347, 351-353

purification of, 345 reconstruction of

Germany identity and, 351-353 socialist principles and,

345- 346

state regulation, audience taste and, 343-344 techniques of, 341 television spectators and,

346- 347

U.S. duality in, 348-350

U.S. image in, 347—353 U.S. influence on,

340- 347

video store and, 346-347 during World War I,

341- 342, 348

during World War II, 344-345

See also Dietrich, Marlene; Herzog, Werner; Indian films, of DEFA; Jannings, Emil; Lang, Fritz; Leni, Paul; Lorre, Peter; Lubitsch, Ernst; Murnau, Friedrich Wilhelm; Sternberg, Josef von; Wenders, Wem; Wilder, Billy Film industry

German, end of, 514-515

Hollywood and, 511-514 Final Solution (Endlosung), 296-297

Finckenstein, Count, 37 Findeisen, Theodore, 245 Finnish-American National Evangelical Lutheran Church, 710

Firmian, Leopold Maximilian Graf, 659

First Church of Christ, Scientist, 57

First Fever, Second Fever, Fortune (Febris primna, Febris secunda, Fortuna; Hutten), 534 First International Dada Fair (Erste Internationale Dada-Messe), 491 First Moroccan Crisis, 329, 354-355.

See also Far East, U.S.- German entente in; Sternburg, Hermann Speck von; Venezuelan crisis

Fischer, Adalbert, 725-726

Fischer, Adolph, 490

Fischer, Albert, 580

Fischer, Martin, 441

Fischer, Wilhelm L., 223,

845

Fisher, Franklin, 156

Fisher, Henry Francis, 41, 42

Fisher, Laura, 608 Fisher-Miller Colony, 41, 42 Fisher-Miller Grant, 266 Fishing Grounds and the

Fishing Industry of the West Coast of

North America (Fischgrunde und Fischereiwirtschaft an der Westkuste

Nordamerikas; Bartz), 119-120

Fishing industry, 119 Fitzcarraldo (film), 501 Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 686

Five Days in June (5 Tage im

Juni; Heym), 507

Five Graves in Cairo (film),

1143

Flaherty, Robert, 798 Flanders, 254

Fleischer, Richard, 697 Fleischmann, Charles, 241 Fleischmann, Consul, 375 Fleischmann, Julius, 241 Fleming, Donald, 582 Fleming, Victor, 574 Flemming, Paul, 695-696 Flexner, Abraham, 303 The Flora of Brazil (Flora brasiliensis; Martius), 723

Flores, Bartholome (Barthel Blumlein;

Bartholomaus

Blumen), 234 Flugel, Felix, 355-356 Flugel, Johann Gottfried,

355-356.

See also American students, at German universities; List, Friedrich; New Orleans

Fly, Edwin Maxwell, 467 Flying Star (Fliegender Stern;

Wδlfel), 560 Foch, Marshal, 1160 Fodor, Mike, 398 Foerster, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1087

Foesterling, Herman, 341 Folk Literature of the

Selknam Indians (Gusinde), 470 Folk Literature of the Yamana

Indians (Gusinde), 470

Follen, Charles (Karl), 356-358, 400, 695, 780, 1046, 1047, 1060, 1073.

See also Fuller, Margaret; Muench, Friedrich; Ticknor, George; Transcendentalism; Turner Societies; Intellectual exchange Follen, Paul. See Follenius, Paul

Follenius, Paul (Paul Follen), 787

FONG. See Friends of the New Germany

Fontane, Theodor, 685 Foote, Danella, 1114 Ford, Emma, 52 Ford, Gerald R., 614

Ford, Henry, 124, 198, 199, 358-359, 671, 1102

Americanization and, 76

See also Business, U.S.-

Third Reich; Fordism; Great Depression Ford, John, 358, 1133 Ford Foundation, 433 Ford Model T, 358, 360 Ford Motor Company, 358,

360,1102-1103

and Nazi Germany, business between, 198-200 Ford-Werke AG, 199-200 Fordism, 360-361

Americanization and, 78-79, 361

See also Americanization; Bauhaus; Ford, Henry; Gropius, Walter Adolph; Volkswagen Company

Fordtran, Charles, 315

A Foreign Affair (film), 351 Foreign Affairs, 1035 Foreign Organization (AO;

Auslandsorganisation), 735

Foreign Organization of the Nazi Party, 410

Foreign policy, U.S.

European Defense Community and,

364- 365

integration strategy in West Germany and, 363-367

Marshall Plan and, 363-364, 365

Mutual Security Program and, 364

Occupation Statute and, 363

Petersberg Agreement and, 363

Pleven Plan and, 364 and West Germany, influence on, 362-367

in West Germany, Cold War and, 364 in West Germany, cultural relations program and,

365- 367

in West Germany, Korean War and, 364

in West Germany, NATO and, 364, 365

Fδrster, Auguste, 193

Fδrster, Bernhard, 368-369, 867. See also Antisemitism; Paraguay

Forster, Georg, 683

Fδrster-Nietzsche, Elisabeth, 368-369

Fortune magazine, 992

The Forty. See Darmstaedters

Forty-Eighters, 7, 64, 84, 92, 121, 369-372, 375-378 German-American novel and, 833 as ISZ editors, 540, 541 as newspaper editors, 370 political parties and, 370-371

See also American Civil War, German participants in; Griesinger, Karl Theodor; Hecker, Friedrich; Kap, Friedrich; Kindergartners; Newspaper Press (American), German language in; Osterhaus, Peter J.; Schimmelpfennig, Alexander; Schurz, Carl; Sigel, Franz; Verein; Willich, August von Forty-first National Saengerfest, 245 Foster, Charles R., 422 Foundation for German

Humanities Institutes Abroad (DGIA; Stiftung Deutsche Geisteswissenschaftlich e Institute im Ausland), 423 Four D Program, 66 Four Devils (film), 798 Four-Minute Men, 252 Four-Year Plan, 650 Fourier, Charles, 497, 1043, 1126, 1127

Fourteen Points, 1162-1163 Fox, William, 512-513, 797 Fox Film Company, 512 Fox Film Corporation, 512 Fox Hills Studios, 512 Fraenkel, Ernst, 686 Fraenkel-Conrat, Heinz, 581 Francis I, 166, 723 Franciscis, Erasmus, 682 Franck, James, 233, 460,

577

Francke, August Hermann, 888

Francke, Kuno, 372-373, 1074. See also Munsterberg, Hugo; Intellectual exchange Franco, Francisco, 304, 645 Franco-German War of

1870, 639

Franco-Prussian War, 139, 232, 368, 415, 437, 575, 665

Frank, Bruno, 1044

Frank, Hans, 839

Frank, Josef, 794

Frank, Karl (a.k.a. Paul Hagen), 261, 262

Frank and Gans company, 377

Frank Leslies Illustrated Newspaper, 803

Frank Wildmans Adventures on Land and Water (Fritz Waldau’s Abenteuer zu Wasser und zu Lande; Gerstacker), 558

Frankenstein (film), 339

Frankford Land Company, 443

Frankfurt am Main citizens of, in U.S., 373-378 Forty-Eighters and, 375-378

Texas war for independence and, 373-375

Wrigley's Company in, 227

See also American Civil War, financial support of Frankfurt Bankers for; Hamburg- American Parcel Shipping Joint Stock Company; Koerner, Gustave; Migration, German-Jewish; Milwaukee; New York City; Schiff, Jacob Henry

Frankfurt Association for the Protection of Emigrants (Frankfurter Verein zum Schutz der Auswanderer), 375

Frankfurt bankers, 375-377 financial support of, for American Civil War, 61-62, 376

Frankfurt Metal Society (Frankfurter

Metallgesellschaft), 743

Frankfurt School, 378-381, 517.

See also Adorno, Theodor Wiesengrund; Frankfurt am Main, citizens of, in U.S.; Horkheimer, Max; Intellectual exile; Marcuse, Herbert; New York City Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ; Frankfurt General

News), 158, 159

Frankfurter Zeitung

(Frankfurt News),

158, 289, 627, 890,

966

Franklin, Benjamin, 446, 452, 453, 683, 822-823, 874-875, 894, 905

Steuben and, 1006

Treaty of 1785 and, 1053 Franz, Otto, 1184 Frazier, Tom, 1180 Fredegar, 987 Fredendall, Lloyd, 1174 Frederic, Harold, 1048 Frederica, Georgia, 404-405 Frederick the Great, 600 Fredericksburg: Texan

Colony of the German Nobility Club (Friedrichsburg, Die Colonie des deutschen

Fursten-Vereins in Texas; Strubberg), 1018

Fredericksburg, Texas,

381-385

during American Civil

War, 384 annual festivals in, 385 education in, 384 German language in, 384 German-language press in, 384 religion in, 383-384 during World War I, 384-385

See also Adelsverein; Meusbach, John O.;

New Braunfels, Texas; Neuces, Battle of the; Texas

Fredericksburg Heritage Foundation, 385 Free German Youth. See

Central Committee of the Freie Deutsche Jugend

Free Schools Act of 1834, 962

Freedom and Slavery under the Star-Spangled Banner (Freiheit und Sklaverei unter dem Sternenbanner; Griesinger), 974 Freeman, Douglas S., 1087 Freemasons, 417 Freemen's Society (Freiman- nerverein), 242

Freethinkers' women's clubs, 415-416

Freiburger Schule of filmmaking, 316

FreiePresse (Free Press), 138, 173, 188, 241, 243, 246, 247, 542

Freies Deutschland (Free Germany), 614, 908 Freiheit (Freedom),

385-387, 778-779, 958.

See also Anarchists; Anti­Socialist Law; Buffalo, New York; Most, Johann; New York City; Newspaper Press (American), German language in Freiheit Publishing Association, 387 Freikorps Gorlitz (Freikorps Faupel), 332 Freiligrath, Ferdinand von, 684, 696 Fremont, John, 64, 494, 665, 788, 953

French and Indian War, 874 French Encyclopedists, 889 French Gymnasium, 163 French Society for the

Propagation of the Faith, 658

Freud, Sigmund, 380, 395,

562, 720

Freund, Ernst, 387—388. See also Burgess, John William

Freund, Karl, 514, 797, 1188

Freundlich, Herbert, 584 Freyreiss, Georg Wilhelm, 1139

Freytag, Gustav, 684 FRG. See West Germany Frick, Wilhelm, 839 Fried, Erich, 686—687 Friedensfest (Peace Festival), 139

Friederici, Georg, 935 Friedlein, Emanuel, 1066 Friedman, Perry, 389-390.

See also Reed, Dean Friedrich, Carl Joachim,

390-391.

See also American Occupation Zone; Foreign policy, U.S., and Western Germany, influence on Friedrich, Johann, 452 Friedrich, Prince, 42, 382 Friedrich, Wilhelm, 487 Friedrich Augustus II, 586 Friedrich I, 871 Friedrich II, 336, 502—503, 1006, 1053, 1054 Friedrich III, 864 Friedrich Krupp firm, 640 Friedrich von Zollern (Griesinger), 466 Friedrich Wilhelm III, 707-708, 989 Friedrich Wilhelm Institute, 117

Friedrich Wilhelm IV, 989 Friedrichs, Jakob Aloys, 441 Friend of Mankind (Der Weltfreund; Werfel), 521

Friends of German Democracy, 252-253 Friends of the Gegenwart, 173

Friends of the New Germany (FONG), 87, 189, 391-394, 410 decline of, 393-394 origin of, 391-392

UGS and, 392-393 un-American activities investigation and, 393 Fries, Jakob Friedrich, 667 Friesen, Gerhard Johann (pseud. Fritz Senn), 680

Frisch, Max, 687, 689, 1050 Frischmuth, Barbara, 281 Fritsch, Karl von, 922, 1019 Fritz, Samuel, 165,

394-395. See also

Brazil, 394

Fritzsche, Hans, 839 Froebel, Friedrich, 95, 606-611, 715, 951, 952

Frobel, Julius, 1046 Frobel, Luise Levine, 607 Froebel, Julius, 974 From America (Auβ

America), 739

From Caligari to Hitler: A Psychological History of the German Film (Kracauer), 627

From Mexico (Aus Mexico;

Ratzel), 914 From Mexico to the

Mosquitia (Von Mexiko bis zur Mosquitia; Helbig), 497

From Roroima to the Orinoco (Vom Roroima zum Orinoko; Koch-Grunberg), 617 Fromm, Erich, 378, 379,

381, 395-396, 562, 564, 819.

See also Frankurt School; Intellectual exile, Marcuse, Herbert; Mexico

The Front Page (Hecht) Fruton, Joseph, 581 Fuchs, Emil, 396 Fuchs, Klaus, 208,

396-398. See also

Stalin Note; Braun, Wernher von

Fuchs family, 783

Fugger, Jacob, 254 Fugger company, 93, 254,

255

Fugitive Pieces (Michael),

675

Fuhrmann, Louis, 188 Fulbright, James William, 398, 399, 1050

Fulbright Act, 433

Fulbright Commission, 434, 435

Fulbright Program, 398-400, 433-434.

See also German students, at American universities; Intellectual exchange Fuller, Margaret, 357, 400-402, 1041, 1045. See also follen, Charles; Transcendentalism

Fuller, Samuel, 1132 Fulop-Miller, Rene, 526 Funk, Walther, 839

Funke, Alfred, 409

Fur trade, 105-106

Gabel, Kurt, 1180 Gabin, Jean, 697 Gagern, Friedrich Freiherr von, 1047

Galeen, Henrik, 1091 Galileo, 180

Gall, Ludwig, 1046 Gallatin, Albert, 106, 116, 453

Galton, Francis, 322 Gambrinus Stock Brewery, 247

Gandhi, Mahatma, 519 Gans, Emil, 441

Gansweidt, Mathias, 409 Garbo, Greta, 278, 1143 Gard, Roger Martin du, 528 Gardel, Carlos, 982 Gardiner, James, 210 Garfield, James A., 953 Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 84 Garrison, William Lloyd,

357

Die Gartenlaube (The Arbor), 929-930, 975

Garth, Franz, 374

Gary, Joseph E., 489 Garza, Maria Antonio

Veramendi, 812 Garza, Rafael C., 812 Gaulle, Charles de, 214 Gauβ, Carl Friedrich, 459 Gay, John, 179 GDR. See East Germany GDR Bulletin, 422 GDR Studies in Culture and

Society, 422 Gegenwart (Today), 173 Geiger, Abraham, 15, 301,

591

Geisel, Ernesto, 403. See also Brazil

Geisel, Wilhelm August, 403 Gellert, Christian

Furchtegott, 682 General Archive of

Ethnography and

Linguistics

(Allgemeines Archiv fur Ethnographie und Linguistik; ed. Vater and Bertuch), 1088 General Assembly of

German Catholic

Societies, 201

General Council of Congregational Christian Churches, 427

General Electricity Company. See Allgemeine Elektricitats-

Gesellschaft

General Federation of

Women's Clubs, 415 General German Workers

Association

(Allgemeine Deutsche Arbeiterverein), 669 General History of Virginia,

New England, and the Summer Isles (J. Smith), 544 General Motors, 78 and Nazi Germany,

business between, 198, 199-200

The General Mythology and Its Ethnological Bases

(Die allgemeine Mythologie und ihre ethnologischen Grundlagen; Ehrenheich), 296 General Peter Muhlenberg (Wollenweber), 835 The General Principles of the

Philosophy of Nature (Stallo), 243

General Regional Geography (Allgemeine Landerkunde; Deckert), 273

General Synod, 709

Generals Die in Bed (Harrison), 1185 Genius and Madness (Lombroso), 321 Genscher, Hans-Dietrich, 439

Genthe, Arnold, 884 The Geographic-Economic Character of North America's Countries (Die Lander Nordamerikas in ihrer wirtschaftgeographische n Ausrustung; Deckert), 273 Geographische Zeitschrift (Geographic Journal), 505

Geography: Its History, Nature, and Methods (Die Geographie, ihre Geschichte, ihr Wesen und ihre Methoden; Hettner), 505 Geography and Geology of Ecuador (Geografia y Geologia del Ecuador; Wolf), 1151 Geological Pictures from Brazil (Geognostische Gemahlde von Brasilien; Eschwege), 318

Geology and geography of the Vila Velha Region, in the State of Parana and thoughts on carboniferous glaciers in Brazil (Geologia e geografia da regiao de Vila Velha, Estado do Parana e consideraφδes sobre a glaciaφao carbonifera no Brazil; Maack), 714

George, Manfred, 108, 908 George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, 164

George II, 404, 831

George III, 503, 791 George VI, 209

George Washington Birthday Exercises, 631

Georgia, 403—405 American Revolution in, 405

colonial period in, 403-405

German communities in, decline of, 405

German settlements in, 404

immigration to, 403-405 Gericke, Wilhelm, 801 Gerlach, Arthur von, 921 Gerlach, Kurt Albert, 378 Gerlach, Walther, 584 German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD; Deutscher Akademische Austauschdienst), 398-399, 432, 433, 434

German Academy of the Arts (Deutsche Akademie der Kunste), 180

German Agricultural Settlements in the South American Grasslands, the Pampas and Gran Chaco (Deutsche Ackerbausiedlungen im sudamerikanischen Grasland, Pampa und Gran Chaco; Wilhelmy), 1145 German Aid Society, 232 German Airship

Corporation (DELAG; Deutsche Luftschiff-Aktien- Gesellschaft), 290 German almanacs

(Kalender), in Rio Grande do Sul,

405-409, 442

agriculture section in,

408

entertainment section in,

409

home medicine section in, 408

legal education section in, 408

popular, 405-406 regional, 407-408 religious, 406-407 reminiscences section in, 408-409

structure of, 408-409 women sections in, 408

German American, 1199 German American Bund

(Amerikadeutscher Volksbund), 87, 209, 233, 392, 394, 410-412, 631.

See also Antisemitism; Buffalo, New York; Friends of the New Germany; Kuhn, Fritz Julius

German American Business League, 410

German-American Central Alliance of Pennsylvania, 505, 805

German American clubs, in West Germany, 412-413

in American Occupation Zone, 413

See also American Occupation Zone; GIs, in West Germany; Bases, U.S., in West Germany German American Cultural

Center, 816 German-American Economic

Bulletin, 1098 German American

Friendship Week, 413 German American Fulbright

Program, 398-400 German-American Mining

Corporation, 742 German-American Mining Society (Deutsch- Amerikanischer Bergwerksverein), 763 German American professorial exchange program, 1074, 1075, 1076-1077

German-American Progressive Associations, 666 German-American United, 666

German American Women's Organizations, 413-418

during Franco-Prussian War, 415

freethinkers' women's clubs and, 415-416 lodges of secret societies and, 416-417

political refugees and, 415

self-improvement and leisure activities and,

415

Socialist movement and,

416

trade unions and, 416-417

Turner movement and, 416

women's church groups and, 414-415

during World War I, 415

See also Anneke, Mathilde Franziska; Forty- Eighters; Kindergartners; Milwaukee; Sons of Hermann; Turner Societies; Verein German American Young Ladies Institute, 311-312 German Archaeological Institute, 423 German-Argentine Cultural Institution

(Institucion Cultural Argentino-Germana), 96

German Association for the League of Nations (Deutsche Liga fur den Volkerbund), 144-145

German Association of Canada (Deutscher Bund Kanada), 207

German-Austrian-Hungarian Aid Society, 246 A German Baron (Ein deutscher Baron; Arming), 835

German calendar. See German almanacs

German Canadian Business and Professional Organization, 141

German-Canadian Press Association (Deutsch- Knadischer Pressverein), 856 German Catholic Central-

Verein (CV), 219, 220, 221, 222,

418- 421, 457, 604, 605

founding of, 418, 419 membership in, 418 original purpose of, 418 social reform mission of,

419- 420

See also Gonner, Nicholas E., Jr.; Kenkel, Frederick P.

German Chilean Association (DCB; Deutsch- Chilenische Bund; Liga Chilena- Alemana), 237, 238

German Club, in Mexico, mexicanization of, 736 German Communist Party (KPD), 490-491

German Conspiracies in America: From an American Point of View, by an American (Munsterberg), 796

German Day (Deutscher Tag), 336-337, 393

German Democratic

Republic. See East Germany

German Dictionary (Versuch eines vollstandigen grammatisch-kritischen Worterbuches der hochdeutschen Mundart, mit bestandiger Vergleichung der ubrigen Mundarten, besonders aber der Oberdeutschen), 43

German Educational Support Law, 435

A German (Ein Deutscher; Ruppius), 930

The German Element in the United States (Das deutsche Element in den Vereinigten Staaten; Bosse), 156-157

German Emigration Company, 40, 42

The German Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Missouri, Ohio, and other states (Die Duetsche Evangelisch- Lutherische Synode von Missouri, Ohio und anderen Staaten), 709 German flag, in Latin

America, 735

German Foreign Affair Institute (Deutsches- Ausland-Institut), 410

German Foreign Office (AA; Auswartiges Amt), 1169-1170

German Foreign Relations Ministry, 169

German Historical Institute (GHI), 423-424 book series of, 423-424 funding of, 423 research of, 424 seminars, symposia, conferences and, 423, 424

travel grants of, 424 See also American students, at German universities; German students, at American universities; East Germany, study of, in U.S.

German House (Deutsches Haus), 231, 816

German identity, reconstruction of, and German film, 351-353

The German Institute (Das Deutsche Institute), 243

German Jesuits, 111, 394-395, 573 in Argentina, 93-94 in Mexico, 738-740 name/identity changes of, 739-740

German Jewish Club, 108

German Jewish refugees in Brazil, 172-175 in Canada, 208 in Cuba, 991-992 national relief organizations for, 173 in New York City, 819-820

racism and, 34 on S.S. St Louis, 992-993 in U.S., 992

See also German refugees; Jewish refugee scientists; Migration, German-Jewish

German Labor Front (DAF; Deutsche Arbeitsfront), 1103-1104

in Canada, 207

German Land Company, 851

German language Americanisms in, 71-74 assimilation and, 98, 99-100

in Ontario newspaper press, 855-857

in U.S. newspaper press, 822-826

See also Iowa, German dialects in; Kansas, German dialects in; Pennsylvania German (Dutch) language;

Texas, German dialects in; under individual countries and U.S. cities and states German-language societies,

3-5

German Lodge, 816 German Lutherans, 5, 8

German Lyceum (Liceo

Aleman), 469

German Methodist Church,

384 German-Mexican Mining

Society (Duetsch- Mexihanischer Bergwerks-Verein), 763

German Mutual Insurance

Company, 247

German National Alliance,

410

German National Assembly,

196

German National Bank, 247 German National Socialist

Party (NSDAP), 630-631

German National Theater,

815

German organizations and misconception of

prevention of assimilation, 99-100

See also individual organizations

German People's Association

(Deutscher Volksverein), 368

German prisoners and civilian interness,

1167-1169

“barbed-wire disease” (neurasthenia) and, 1168

disciplinary problems and, 1168

enemy aliens and, 1167 German-language press

and, 1167 internment camps and,

1168 treatment of, 1168 Treaty of Versailles and,

1168

German prisoners and

civilian interness (cont.)

See also Canada, Germans in, during World Wars I and II; Committee on Public Information; Espionage and Sedition Act;

Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in

German Protestants, 8

German Reading and Culture Society, 243

A German Reading Book for Beginners (Deutsches Lesebuch fur Anfanger; Follen), 356

German Red Cross (Deutsche Rote Kreuz), 259

German Reformed Church,

424- 427

first ministers of,

425- 426

first theological seminary of, 427

German language in,

426- 427

origins of, 424-425

See also Georgia; Germantown, Pennsylvania; Lutheran Church- Missouri Synod; Pietism; Schaff, Phillip German refugees

in Brazil, 172-175 cultural activities of, 174-175

in New York City, 818 political activities of, 173-174

political organizations for, 173-174

See also German-Jewish refugees; Immigration German scare, 428. See also Brazil

German School in Mexico (Deutsche Schule von Mexico), 733-734, 736-737

German Settlement Society

of Philadelphia (Deutsche Ansiedlungs- Gesellschaft zu Philadelphia), 498 German Singing Association (Deutscher Sangerbund Rio Grande do Sul), 334 German Social Union, 439 German societies. See individual societies German Societies of

Americans of German Descent, 292 German Society (Deutsche

Gesellschaft), 232, 369, 815, 816 German Society of New

York City, 107 German Society of

Pennsylvania, 428-429

founding of, 428 mission of, 428 during World War I, 429 during World War II, 429

See also German Society of the City of New York; Hexamer, Charles J.; National German American Alliance; Pennsylvania German Society of the City of New York, 430-431

purpose of, 430

See also Astor, John Jacob; German Society of Pennsylvania; New York City; Steuben, Frederick von

German-South American Bank (Deutsch- Sudamerikanische Bank), 743

German State Association (Deutscher Staatsverband), 246, 247

German Student Body (Deutsch Studentenschaft), 562

German students, at

American universities, 432-435.

See also American

Occupation Zone;

American students, at German universities; Bonhoeffer, Dietrich; Fullbright Program; Kelly, Petra German Theater (Deutsches Theater), 247, 573 German unification (1871),

436-437. See also Bancroft, George; German unification (1990) German unification (1990),

438-440

Cold War and, 438 NATO and, 438-440 Ten-Point Program and, 438-439

Two-Plus-Four Accord and, 439, 440

Warsaw Pact and,

438-440

See also Berlin Wall;

German unification (1871); Stalin note; West Berlin

German Universities: A

Narrative of Personal Experiences (Hart), 486

German universities,

American students at,

69-71

German University Rectors conference, 398-399 German Veterans

Association (Duetscher Kreiger-Verein), 335 German war reparations, 269-272, 461, 1056, 1079

German Weapons and

Ammunition Factory (Ludwig Loewe Konzern; Deutsche Waffenund Munitionsfabrik Berlin-Karlsruhe), 640-641 German Youth Activities

(GYA), 448

German youth rebellion. See Youth rebellion

The German Youth's Cry for Help (Der Hulferuf der deutschen Jugend; Weitling), 1126 German Zeppelin Shipping Company (Deutsche Zeppelin Reederei), 508

Germania, 335 Germania-Herold, 756 Germania in America

(Germania in Amerika; Griesinger), 465 Germania Musical Society, 799

Germania Orchestra, 799 Germanic Museum at

Harvard, 372, 373 Germanism, in Rio Grande do Sul, 440-442 almanacs and, 442 characteristics of people and, 442

definition of, 440 ethnic identity and, 441 German-language press in, 442

language and, 441 objective of, 441 religion and, 442 resistance to assimilation and, 441

songs and, 441 Germanisms, in the English language, 74—75 The Germans: An Inquiry and an Estimate (Schuster), 969 Germans in Southern Brazil and Southern Chile (Das Deutschtum in Sudbrasilien und Sudchile; Hettner), 504-505

The Germans in the American Civil War (Die Deutschen in Amerikanischen Burgerkriege), 62 “The Germans of South Brazil” (Maack), 714 Germantown, Pennsylvania architecture in, 444-445 cattle network in, 445 economic development of, 445-446

flax network in, 445-446 German language in, 445 immigration to, 444 paper industry in, 446 population of, 444 slavery in, 443

See also Pastorius, Francis Daniel; Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania German (Dutch) language; Sauer, Christoph; Schwenkfelders

Germantowner Zeitung (Germantown Paper), 938

Germany and the United States in World Politics (Deutschland und die Vereinigten Staaten in der Weltpolitik; Vagts), 1085-1086

Germany beyond the Wall (Smith), 422

Germany (De LMlmagne;

De Stael), 308

Gerolt, Friedrich von, 437, 763

Gersdorff, Pauline von, 120 Gershwin, George, 902 Gershwin, Ira, 902

Gerstacker, Friedrich, 558-559, 676, 678, 684, 769, 833, 930, 975, 1046

Gerstner, Franz Anton von, 674

Gert, Valeska, 446-447. See also Aufbau; Brecht, Bertolt; Reinhardt, Max

Gesselschaft der Vierziger. See Darmstaedters

Gestapo (Geheime Staatspolizei; political police), 837

Gettelman, Adam, 755 Gettysburg, Battle of, 299 Gibbons, Floyd, 1155-1156 Gibbons, Cardinal James,

754

Gibbons, Phoebe Earle, 876 Gichtel, Johann Georg, 314

Giedion, Sigfried, 125, 361, 794

Gielen, Michael, 245 Gildenhaus Funeral Home,

247 Gildersleeve, Basil L., 459,

588 Gillespie, Robert A., 383 Gillespie County Historical

Society, 385 Gilman, Daniel C., 588 Gilman, Franz, 484 Giraud, Henri, 1173 Girotti, Mario (Terence

Hill), 727 GIs, in West Germany, 365-366, 448-451

African Americans and, 50

in American Occupation Zone, 448

and Berlin Wall, fall of, 450

chewing gum and, 227-228

criminality of, 448, 450 drug abuse and, 450 German and American relations and, 449 during Iraq war, 451 during Korean War,

448- 449

“little Americas” and,

449 military families of, 449 prostitution industry and,

448

racial violence and, 450 during Vietnam War,

449- 450

during World War II,

448

See also American Occupation Zone; African Americans; Bases, U.S., in West Germany; Denazification; German American Clubs, in West Germany; Halvorsen, Gail S.; West Berlin Gissibl, Fritz, 393, 394, 631 Gissibl, Peter, 394 Glacial Geomorphology of the de los Largos Region (Geomorfologia glacial de la Region de los Largos; Weischet), 1122

Glassmaking, 451—453 Globus, 273

Glossary of the Languages of Brazil (Glossaria linguarum brasiliensium; Martius), 724

Gloucester Farm and Town Association, 293—294 Gluecksohn-Waelsch, Salome, 577

Glunder, Friedrich, 673-674 Gneist, Rudolf von, 195, 388

Gobineau, Joseph-Arthur de, 321

Godard, Jean-Luc, 1133

Goebbels, Joseph, 76, 158, 163, 344, 478, 644, 646

Goegg, Amand, 1047 Goeppert-Mayer, Maria, 1142

Goergen, Hermann Matthias, 175

Goerl, W., 407

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 116, 230, 325-326, 357, 401-402, 453-455, 485, 677, 683, 684, 695-696, 780, 861, 862, 864, 907, 1021, 1022, 1038, 1039, 1043, 1045.

See also Bancroft, George; Everett, Edward; Harmony Society; Humboldt, Alexander von; Literature (German), the U.S. in; Panama; Pennsylvania; Travel literature, German-U.S.

Goethe Institut Buenos Aires, 96

Goethe-Institut Inter Nationes, 281

Gohring: The Executioner of the Third Reich

(Heartfield), 491-492 Gold, Ernest, 514 Gold! (Gerstacker), 559 Goldberger, Ludwig Max, 1047

The Golden Legend (Longfellow), 696 Goldman, Emma, 83, 779, 958

Goldsborough (Heym), 507 Goldschmidt, Adolph, 1076 Goldschmidt, Johanna, 607 Goldschmidt, Richard Benedict, 455-456.

See also Intellectual exile; Loeb, Jacques; World War I, German prisoners and civilian internees in Goldwater, Barry, 795 Goll, Claire, 1048 Goll, Iwan, 686 Goltz, Baron von der, 1053 Goltz, Friedrich, 691 Goltz, Horst von der, 1169-1170 Gone with the Wind (film), 257 Gong, Alfred, 686 Goni, Uki, 653 Gonner, Nicholas E., Jr., 420, 457-458.

See also German Catholic Central-Verein; Kenkel, Frederick P. Gonzalez, Manuel Benitez, 992

The Good Fairy (film), 1189 Goodnow, Frank, 388 Goodrich, James W., 284 Goodyear company, 290 Goossens, Eugene, 245 Goppert-Mayer, Maria, 460, 577

Gorbachev, Mikhail, 400, 438, 439, 440, 1072, 1073

Gordan, Paulus, 174 Gores, Joe, 1132 Gorgen, Hermann Matthias, 174

Goring, Hermann, 572, 645-646, 648, 649, 670, 839, 840, 1198 Gorky, Maxim, 519

Goschen, Georg Joachim, 968

The Gospel of the Poor Sinner (Das Evangelium eines armen Sunders; Weitling), 1126-1127 Gotthelf, Jeremias, 409 Gottingen, University of, 459-460.

See also American students, at German universities; Bancroft, George; Everett, Edward, Intellectual exchange; Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth; Ticknor, George Gottschalk, Thomas, 728 Goulart, J., 403 Gouveia, Peter de, 738 “Government and Politics in Germany” (Loewenstein), 693 Grabau, Johannes, 709, 1111

Graetz, Erich, 865 Graf, Oskar Maria, 108, 909, 1049

Graf Zeppelin (airship), 290 Graffenried, Christian von, 761

Graham, Martha, 516 Grammar of the English

Language (Flugel), 355 Grammer, Anton, 247 La Grande Illusion (film), 1017

Granger, Steward, 727 Grant, Madison, 323 Grant, Ulysses S., 18, 654, 664, 665-666, 859, 933, 954, 972, 993, 1147

Grass, Gunter, 281 Gratz, Rebecca, 17, 654 Grave, Jean, 387 Gray, Allan. See Zmigrod, Josef

GRC Women's League (DRK Frauenbund von Wisconsin), 221 Great Depression, 19, 29, 56, 76, 94, 189, 227, 269, 272, 359, 421, 429, 460-464, 499,

606

banking and financial crisis and, 461-462 banking system collapse and, 462, 463

Canada during, 207 decline in industrial production and, 463 deficit in demand and,

462- 463

German-language press during, 825-826

Germany's policy during,

463- 464

intellectual exchange, U.S.-German, during, 1076

Latin America during, German military advisers in, 642-643

New Braunfels, Texas, during, 814

New Deal and, 463 rise of fascism and, 463 SCADTA during, 981-982

stock market collapse and, 461, 464 unemployment crisis and, 463

U.S. policy during, 463 See also Bruning, Heinrich; Dawes Plan The Great Dictator (film), 338

The great fishing areas of the world (Die groβen Fischereiraume der Welt; Bartz), 120

The Great Train Robbery (film), 341, 512

The Great Waltz (film), 1003 Great War Veterans

Association, 205 Greater New York Film

Rental Company, 512 Greed (film), 1016 Greeley, Horace, 401, 664, 666, 954, 1021

Green Memories (Mumford), 794

Green Party, 602, 603 Greene, Graham, 1014 Greenebaum, Henry, 231 Greenhut, Joseph B., 934 Gregory, Samuel, 1193 Gregory, Thomas, 1165 Greil, Patrick, 766 Grenke, Art, 206 Grenville, John, 658 Grey, Zane, 619 Griebl, Ignatz, 393 Griesinger, Karl Theodor, 464-466, 684.

See also Forty-Eighters; New York City; Novel, German American; Travel literature, German-U.S. Griesinger, Theodor, 834, 974

Griffins, Horace, 1114 Griffith, David W, 1016 Griggs, Edward Howard, 518

Grillparzer, Franz, 625 Grimm, Hermann, 372 Grimm, Jacob, 285, 459 Grimm, Reinhold, 281 Grimm, Wilhelm, 285, 459 Grinnell, Julius S., 489 Griswald, Rufus, 1021 Groeber, Hermann, 954 Gronau, Israel Christian, 404, 889

Groos, Johann Jacob, 1028 Gropius, Walter Adolph, 122-126, 361,

466- 467, 562, 750, 751, 794, 862.

See also Bauhaus; Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig Grosse, Ernst, 265 Grossmann, Rudolf, 387 Grosz, George, 490 Grottkau, Paul, 145, 758 Grove, Frederick Philip (Felix Paul Greve), 680 Gruber, Eberhard Ludwig, 54-55 Grubetsch (Seghers), 966 Gruenewald, Max, 657 Grun, Anastasius, 684 Grunbein, Durs, 688 Grunberg, Carl, 378, 701 Grund, Franz Josef,

467- 469. See also Schurz, Carl

Grunewald, Matthias, 129 The Guaikuru Group (Die Guaikuru-Gruppe; Koch-Grunberg), 616 Guarantees of Harmony and Freedom (Garantien der Harmonie und Freiheit; Weitling), 1126

Guatamala, 142-143 Guatemalan Commission for Historical Clarification (CEH; Comision para el Esclarecimiento Historico), 1039-1041

Guggenheim, Meyer, 15 Guided Missile

Development Group, 164

Guinzburg, Harold, 519, 520

Guitry, Sacha, 1017 Guldin, Samuel, 425, 889 Gulflight (American tanker), 1155

Gumperz, Julian, 378 The Guns of Navarone (film), 338

Gunther, John, 1048 Gurr, David, 675 Gurrelieder (Songs of Gurre;

Schonberg), 949

Gusinde, Martin, 469-470. See also Chile

Guth, Eugen, 583 Guttmann, Alexander, 594 Gutzkow, Karl, 974

GYA. See German Youth Activities

Gymnasts Movement (Turnerbewegung), 243, 334

Gysi, Klaus, 1073

Habe, Hans, 108

Haber, Fritz, 1075 Habermas, Jurgen, 267, 381 Hackett, Frances, 519 Hacklander, Friedrich

Wilhelm, 976 Haeckel, Ernst, 928, 950 Haenke, Thaddaus,

471-472, 948. See also Humboldt,

Alexander von Hagelstange, Rudolf, 1049 Hagen, Paul. See Frank, Karl Hagenbeck, Carl, 245 Hager, Kurt, 920 Hague Convention of 1907, 1168

Hahnemann, Samuel, 1192 Haines, Henrietta B., 607 Hainisch, Marianne, 566 The Haitian Wedding (Die Hochzeit von Haiti; Seghers), 967

Die Halbinsel Yucatdn (Termer), 1025 Half-Breed Tract, 568 The Halfbreed (Der Halbindianer; Mollhausen), 558 Halfeld, Adolf, 686 Haliburton, Thomas Chandler, 925 Halifax, 829-830, 832-833 Hall, G. Stanley, 610 Hall, George, 662 Hall, James Norman, 1160 Hallean Annals (Hallische Nachrichten; Muhlenberg), 545 Halleck, Fitz-Greene, 107 Halleck, Henry Wager, 972 Haller, Albrecht von, 682, 683

Hallgarten, Charles, 376, 377

Hallgarten, George, 1085 Hallowell, Anna, 608 Halvorsen, Gail S.,

472-474.

See also American Occupation Zone; West Berlin; West Germany, in U.S. foreign policy Hamburg, 474-475. See also Bremerhaven; Hapag, Norddeutscher Lloyd Hamburg-American Parcel Shipping Joint Stock Company. See Hapag Hamburg-Amerika Linie, 480

Hamburger, Viktor, 577

Hamilton, Alice, 193 Hamilton, Andrew, 1195 Hamilton, Robert, 1194 Hamilton County Fire Insurance, 247

Hammer, Conrad, 956 Hammer, Fritz W., 979 Hammer, Werner, 175 Hammerstein, Oscar, I, 476, 902.

See also Kunwald, Ernst; Much, Karl; Music (American), German influence on Hammerstein, Oscar, II, 476 Hammett, Dashiell, 278, 1132-1133

Hammett (film), 1132-1133

Handbook of Military Government in Germany, 67

Handbook of Natural History (Handbuch der Naturgeschichte; Burmeister), 196

Handicapped Future (Behinderte Zukunft; TV documentary), 500

Handke, Peter, 686, 1050, 1133

Hanfstaengl, Edgar, 477

Hanfstaengl, Egon, 477, 478-479

Hanfstaengl, Ernst, 477-480. See also Antisemitism

Hanfstaengl, Helene, 477, 478

Hanfstaengl, Kitty, 477 Hanrieder, Wolfram, 362-363

Hans, Alfons, 407 Hans Ertl: War

Correspondent (Hans Ertl als Kriegsberichter; film), 317 Hans Ertl-Bolivian Jungle (Hans Ertl-Bolivien Urwald; film), 317 Hans Staden (film), 997 Hanseatic League, 741, 743 Hansen, Marie, 1022 Hapag (Hamburg-

American Parcel

Shipping Joint Stock

Company;

Hamburg-

Amerikanische- Paketfahrt-Aktien- Gesellschaft), 377, 475, 480-482, 743, 826, 827.

See also Hamburg;

Bremerhaven;

Norddeutscher Lloyd Hapag-Lloyd, 828-829 Hapag-Lloyd

Aktiengesellschaft, 482 Happel, Eberhard Werner,

682

Har Sinai Association (Har

Sinai Verein), 591 Harbou, Thea von, 349,

637, 638 Hardenberg, Friedrich von.

See Novalis Harding, Warren G., 271,

897

Harig, Ludwig, 281 Harka, der Sohn des

Hauptlings (Welskopf-

Henrich), 1129 Harkort, Friedrich, 673 Harlan, Veit, 1092 Harmony Society, 482-484.

See also Pennsylvania Harms, Klaus, 708 Harnack, Arvid, 484, 485 Harnack, Mildred Fish,

484-485. See also

bonhoeffer, Dietrich;

Intellectual exchange Harper’s, 619 Harper’s Weekly, 803, 804,

954, 1064 Harris, John, 512 Harris, Shepherd L., 1114 Harris, William T.,

607-608, 610 Harrison, Charles, 1185 Harrison, Elizabeth, 608,

609, 610

Harrison, Wallace, 126 Harrison, William Henry,

469

Hart, James Morgan, 486. See also American

students, at German universities;

Gottingen, University of

Hartmann, Franz, 487 Hartranft, John F., 964 Harvard German Society,

357 Hasenclever, Peter, 762 Hasenclever, Wilhelm, 1047 Hassaurek, Frederick, 242,

243 Hatch, Ella Snelling, 607 Hatch Act, 411 Hauck, Albert, 283 Hauck, Johann (John),

245-246

Hauff, Reinhardt, 352 Hauff, Wilhelm, 907 Hauptmann, Bruno, 393 Hauptmann, Elisabeth, 179 Hauptmann, Gerhart, 519,

685

Hauser, Otto R., 753 Haushofer, Karl, 914 Hauthal, Rudolf Johannes

Friedrich, 488. See also Meyer, Hans Havel, Vaclav, 912 Hawaii, 226 Hawkes, John, 1050 Hawks, Howard, 1143 Haydn Society, 244 Hayes, Rutherford B., 953,

954 Haymarket Riot, 52, 83,

145-146, 232,

489-490, 539

ISZ and, 542

See also Altgeld, John P.;

Anarchists; Anti­

Socialist Law; Chicago Hearst, William Randolph,

824,1197-1198 Heart of Glass (Herz aus

Gias; film), 501 Heart of the World (film),

1016

Heartfield, John, 490-493.

See also Brecht,

Bertolt; Heym, Stefan Heartfield, Wieland, 490 Hebbel, Friedrich, 684 Hebrew Emigrant Aid

Society, 16 Hebrew Union College,

593-594

Hebrew Union College- Jewish Institute of Religion (HUC-JIR), 595

Hecht, Ben

Hecht, Jonas, 150

Hecker, Friedrich, 63, 231, 240, 243-244, 298, 299, 369, 371,

493- 494, 618, 684, 933, 1047, 1145.

See also American Civil War, German participants in; Chicago; 82nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment; Forty- Eighters; Sigel, Franz; Travel literature, German-U.S.; Willich, August von

Heckmann, Herbert, 687 Hedin, Sven, 119 Heebner, Melchior, 962 Heeren, August, 116 Hegel, Georg Friedrich Wilhelm, 116, 379, 380, 720, 926

Hegemann, Alice (nee Hess), 494

Hegemann, Ida Belle (nee Guthe), 495

Hegemann, Werner,

494- 495.

See also Intellectual exile; Landscape architects; Mumford, Lewis Heidegger, Martin, 48, 719, 1013

Heidelberg Exchange Center (Heidelberger Austauschtelle), 432

Heimafilme, 345

Heine, Heinrich, 507, 669, 684, 695, 907, 974 Heine, Wilhelm Peter, 64-65, 477

Heineken, Hermann, 828 Heinemann, Barbara. See Landmann, Barbara Heinrich, Anton, 680, 833 Heinrich, Peter, 925 Heinrich, Thomas, 663 Heinrich von Ofterdingen (Novalis), 402

Heinzen, Karl, 82, 186, 1047, 1127

Heisenberg, Werner, 149, 460

Helbig, Karl Martin Alexander, 496-497. See also Waibel, Leo Heinrich

Heller, Fritz, 174

Hell’s Heroes (film), 1188

Helm, Samuel, 186

Helms, Anton Zacharias, 762

Hemophilia Twinning Program, 591

Henni, Johann Martin, 242, 754

Henni’s Wahrheits-Freund (Henni's Friend of Truth), 242

Henreid, Paul, 514

Henri, Florence, 124

Henry, Patrick, 792

Henry, Prince, 372-373

Henry C. Kohn & Esser, 753

Henry Ford Peace Plan Commission, 520

Henry I, 988

Hensel, Kerstin, 688

Henshel, George, 801

Henson Company, 258

Hep-Hep riots of 1819, 85

Herbart, Jean, 715

Herbst, Alban Nikolai, 689

Herbst, Josephine, 1048

Hercules (Herakles; Herzog), 500

Herder, Johann Gottfried, 283, 683, 1022, 1045

Hereditary Genius (Galton), 322

Hereditary Health Court, 324

Herff, Ferdinand von, 265-266, 266

Hergesheimer, Joseph, 1048

Hering, Gisela, 473

Herman, Baron Beno von, 1114

Hermann, Karl Friedrich, 459

Hermann, Missouri, 497-499.

See also Duden,

Gottfried; Egg Harbor City, New Jersey; Ephrata; Forty- Eighters; Fredericksburg, Texas; Harmony Society; New Braunfels, Texas; Pennsylvania; Transcendentalism Hermann the Cheruscan, 985, 986 Hernandez, Danny, 959 Herold, Ted, 902 Herrmann, Johann, 656 Herrnhuter Brudergemeine,

774

Hershey, Milton, 876 Herting, Johanna, 926 Hertle, Daniel, 541 Hertwig, Richard, 455 Hertz, Paul, 261 Herzog, Werner, 347, 352, 500-502, 797, 1132, 1133.

See also Film (German), U.S. influence on; Fulbright Program; German students, at American universities; Murnau, Friedrich Wilhelm; Wenders, Wim

Hesburgh, Theodore M.,

970 Heschel, Abraham Joshua,

594 Hesing, Anton Casper, 230,

539, 541, 542 Hespeler, Wilhelm, 1117 Hess, Rudolf, 391—392, 644,

645, 646, 839 Hesse, Hermann, 562 Hesse-Cassell, 502—503 Hesselbrock, John O., 246 Hessians, 6, 502-504, 832, 850.

See also Nova Scotia, Ontario; Seume, Johann Gottfried; Steuben, Frederick von Hettner, Alfred, 504-505, 1107

Heuck, Hubert, 244 Heuss, Theodor, 159

Hexamer, Charles James, 158, 429, 505-506, 805, 896.

See also Forty-Eighters; German Society of Pennsylvania; Milwaukee; National German-American Alliance; Politics, German Americans and; World War I; World War I, German Americans and Hexamer, Ernst, 505 Heydrich, Richard, 296 Heydt, Baron August von der, 1105 Heydt Edict (Von-der- Heydt'sches Reskript), 166, 1105-1106.

See also Ave-Lallemant, Robert Christian Berthold; Brazil Heym, Stefan, 233, 493, 507-508, 687, 688, 1049.

See also Intellectual exchange; World War II, German American soldiers in Heyne, Moriz, 460 HICOG. See High commissioner for Germany Higginson, Henry, 782, 801 High and Low: The Vistas of Bolivia (Arriba, Abajo: Vistas de Bolivia; film), 317

High commissioner for Germany (HICOG), 65, 69

High Dutch (Hochdeutsch), 287-288

High German Society (Hochdeutsche Gesellschaft), 833 Highest Health Council, 109

Highsmith, Patricia, 1132 Hilberseimer, Ludwig, 125 Hilbert, David, 1141 Hildenbrandt, Fred, 447 Hill, Joe, 83

Hill, Patty Smith, 609, 610 Hill, Terence. See Girotti,

Mario

Hillers, John, 557 Hillgartner, Georg, 541 Himmler, Heinrich, 296, 297, 645, 646

Hindenburg, Paul von, 184-185, 323, 508, 645, 866

Hindenburg disaster,

508-510, 1198. See also Zeppelin Hintze, Paul von, 144 Hirsch, Emil, 231, 594, 622 Hirsch, Mathilde Einhorn,

301

Hirsch, Samuel, 591, 592, 593, 1148, 1149

Hirschfeld, Christian Cayus

Lorenz, 223-224 Hirsh, Emil, 301 Historia de Abiponibus

(Dobrizhoffer) “Historical Progress and

American Democracy” (Motley), 781 History: The Last Things before the Last (Kracauer), 627 History and Class

Consciousness (Lukacs), 47

History of American Manufacturers from 1608 to 1860 (Bishop), 484

History of Barbados

(Schomburgk), 948 History of Creation

(Geschichte der Schopfung; Burmeister), 196 A History of Militarism

(Vagts), 1086 History of Modern Germany

(Holborn), 511 History of the Abipones

(Historia de Abiponibus;

Dobrizhoffer), 94 The History of the Atlantic

Ocean (Die Geschichte des Atlantischen

Ozeans; Ihering), 537

History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus (Irving), 453

History of the Revolt of the Netherlands (Geschichte des Abfalls der vereinigten Niederlande von der spanischen Regierung; Schiller), 780

History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent (G. Bancroft), 116, 117, 118

Hitchcock, Alfred, 697

Hitchcock, Henry Russell, 589

Hitchens, Christopher, 616 Hitler, Adolf

African Americans and, 49

Americanization and, 76 antisemitism and, 87 Autobahnen and, 1103 Battle of the Bulge and, 1175

Bauhaus and, 124, 125 Becker and, 127 Bonhoeffer and, 156 Bruning and, 184, 185-186

and business, U.S.-Third Reich, 198, 199

Canadians and, 1185 declaration of war against U.S. and, 1171

Dietrich and, 279 Eckener and, 290 Einstein and, 302 eugenics movement and, 320, 323

film (American) and,

338, 339-340, 344 film industry and, 512 FONG and, 392 Ford and, 359 Forster-Nietzsche and, 369

German resistance to,

219

Hanfstaengl and, 477-480

Harnack and, 484 Hindenburg and, 508 Hollywood and, 514 and Indians, in German literature, 559

and Latin America, Nazi economic policy in, 647, 648, 650, 651 and Latin America, Nazi Party in, 643, 644, 646

May and, 726

Mexico and, 735, 744 NSDAP and, 477, 478 Olympic games and, 848 and Papen, 865, 866 SCADTA and, 982 Schuster and, 969 Schutz and, 954 Sternburg and, 332 suicide of, 1179 systematic atrocities against civilians and, 837-838

Thompson and, 1036 Vansittartism and, 1086, 1087

Viereck and, 1098 Volksgemeinschaft and, 1103

Volkswagen and, 1103 Wagner and, 675 Weizsacker and, 148 Hitler: The Last Ten Days (TV documentary), 340

Hitler-Stalin pact, 651 Hitler Youth, 199, 237 Hitler’s Daughter (TV documentary), 340

Hitler’s Germany, the Nazi Background to War (Loewenstein), 693

Hito Hito (film), 317 HIV/AIDS, 591 Hoan, Daniel Webster, 753, 759-760

Hobbes, Thomas, 1013 Hobson, Peregrine Thomas, 830-831

Hoch, Hannah, 491 Der Hoch-Deutsch

Americanische Calender (The High- German American Calendar), 937 Der Hoch-Deutsch

Pennsylvanische Geschicht-Schreiber (The High-German Pennsylvanian Chronicler), 937 Hochhuth, Rolf, 281, 687 Hochstetter, Ferdinand von, 109

Hochwachter (The High Watchman), 243 Hodges, Courtney, 1175, 1176, 1178

Hodgson, Claire, 932 Hoeffgen, Robert B., 540 Hoffman, Friedrich, 882 Hoffman, Johann Christian Konrad von, 928

Hoffmann, Balthasar, 961 Hoffmann, Christopher, 962 Hoffmann, Francis, 538-539

Hoffmann, Johannes, 174, 175

Hoffmann, Theodore, 394 Hoffmann-Harnisch,

Wolfgang, 175

Hoffmeister Albert, 209-210

Hofmann, Gert, 689 Hofmannsthal, Hugo von, 921

Hogans Heroes (TV series), 340

Hohenstein, Peter, 583 Hohermuth, Georg, 255 Holborn, Hajo, 510—511, 811. See also Intellectual exile; Neumann, Franz

Holden, William, 1144 Holdheim, Samuel, 300, 301, 591

Holitscher, Arthur, 1048 Hollander, Frederick, 514 Holleben, Theodor von, 372, 1005

Hollywood, 511—515 Americanization and, 76 German actors in,

513-515

German composers in, 514

German directors in, 513-515

German film studios and, 512-513

German producers in, 512-513 kinetoscope and, 512 nickelodeons and, 512 See also Dieterle, William; Dietrich, Marlene; Jannings, Emil; Korngold, Erich Wolfgang; Lang, Fritz; Leni, Paul; Lorre, Peter; Lubitsche, Ernst; Murnau, Friederich Wilhelm; Preminger, otto; Schwarzenneger, Arnold; Sternberg, Josef von; Stroheim, Erich von; Wilder, Billy

Holm, Hanya, 515—516 Holocaust, 85, 594-595

B'nai B'rith and, 152 deniers or minimizers of, 91

eugenics movement and, 325

German soldier victimhood and, 147-148

historians' debate and, 89 memorialization and, 90-91

reparations to survivors of, 90

Holocaust (TV documentary), 340

Holtfreter, Johannes, 577 Holthusen, Hans Egon, 1049

Holtreter, Johannes, 577 Holwede, Baron von, 532 Holy Alliance, 94 Holy Trinity parish, 242 Holywood Tribune, 278 Homestead Act, 1101 Hone, Philip, 430-431 Honecker, Erich, 90, 422, 920, 1072-1073

The Honeymoon (film),

1003, 1016 Hood, Thomas, 1046 Hooker, Joseph, 859 Hootenanny-Klub Berlin,

389

Hoover, Herbert, 463 Hoover, J. Edgar, 305, 632 Hoover Directive of 1930,

19, 20 Hopper, Dennis, 1132 Horkheimer, Max, 47, 48,

88, 378-380, 381, 517-518, 720, 1049.

See also Adorno, Theodor

Wiesengrund;

Antisemitism;

Frankfurt School Horl, Veit, 255 Horn, Werner von, 1170 Horne, Marilyn, 902 Horney, Karen, 562 The Horse Thief (Der

Pferdedieb; film), 341

Hostages (Der Fall Glasenapp;

Heym), 507 Hotel Imperial (film), 1143 Hough, Emerson, 619 The House of Frankenstein

(film), 339 House Un-American

Activities Committee

(HUAC), 87, 180 Houston, Sam, 40-41, 374,

1026

Houtte, Louis van, 1009 How Much Wood Would a

Woodchuck Chuck (film), 500-501 Howard, Graeme, 198 Howard, Oliver Otis, 63,

942

Howells, William Dean, 1063

Howitt, William, 1046 HUAC. See House Un­

American Activities Committee Hubbard, L. Ron, 57 Huber, Jacob, 761 Huber, Zeno, 700 HUC-JIR. See Hebrew

Union College-Jewish

Institute of Religion Huch, Ricarda, 409

Huck, John A., 132 Hudepohl, Louis, 246 Hudepohl-Schoenling brewery, 246

Hudnut, Joseph, 125, 495 Hudson and Mohawk

Railroad Company, 107

Hudson's Bay Company, 106 Huebsch, Adolph, 519 Huebsch, Ben W., 518-528 Huefel-Comuy, 235 Huerta, Victoriano, 216, 858. See also Carranza, Venustiano; Mexico; World War I

Huerta government, 744 Huessler, George, 635 Hugenberg, Alfred, 343 Hughes, Charles Evans, 271, 808, 879, 896-897

Hughes, Howard, 1004 Hugo, Victor, 655, 1091 Hull, Charles, 38

Hull, Cordell, 86, 87, 649, 773, 1079

Hull-House, 38-39, 40, 193-194

Human Geography (Anthropogeographie; Ratzel), 914

Human Rights-Between Idealism and Realism (Tomuchat), 1039 Humanist Socialism (ed. Fromm, Bloch, and Marcuse), 396

Humanity, How It Is and How It Ought to Be (“Die Menschheit, wie sie ist und wie sie sein sollte”; Weitling), 1126

Humboldt, Alexander Georg von, 532

Humboldt, Alexander von, 44, 94, 109, 112, 116, 139, 142, 196, 307, 453, 471, 530-532, 556, 623, 731, 762, 768, 864, 893, 975, 1039, 1090.

See also Adams, John Quincy; Bancroft, George; Panama;

Taylor, (James) Bayard; Ticknor, George.

Humboldt, Wilhelm von, 43, 45, 307,

532- 533, 715.

See also Adelung, Johann Christoph; Humboldt, Alexander von; Vater, Johann Severin Humphrey, Doris, 516 Humphrey, Hubert H., 603 Hunt, William Morris, 662 Hurlimann, Thomas, 689 Hurok, Sol, 516 Husserl, Edmund, 47, 1013 Huston, John, 697 Hutchins, Robert, 863 Hutten, Philipp von, 255 Hutten, Ulrich von,

533- 535

Hutterites, 9-10

in Canada, 210, 211 Hynicka, Rudolph K. “Rud,” 241 Hyperion, a Romance (Longfellow), 695-696

I Claudius, 1003 Ipuritani (Bellini), 476 Ibanez, Carlos, 606 Ibero-Amerikanisches

Institut, 332 Ibsen, Sigurd, 519 ICD. See Information

Control Division Ickes, Harold, 671 ICW. See International

Council of Women Ida: Grafin von

Salmandιngen. (Griesinger), 466 Identity. See German identity

IG Farben, 77, 199 Ihering, Hermann Friedrich Albrecht von, 537. See also Brazil

IIE. See Institute of International Education

IKU. See International Kindergarten Union Illinois, 538-540

immigration to, 538

See also Altgeld, John P; Chicago; Forty- Eighters; Haymarket Riot; Illinois Staatszeitung; Koerner, Gustave; World War I, German Americans and

Illinois Institute of Technology, 233 Illinois Stattszeitung (ISZ;

Illinois Public News), 231, 232-233, 538, 540-542, 618

Forty-Eighters as editors for, 540, 541

Haymarket Riots and, 542

Prohibition and, 540-541

See also Chicago; Forty- Eighters; Haymarket Riot; Illinois; Milwaukee; New Yorker Staats-Zeitung; Newspaper Press, German-language in the U.S.; Schurz, Carl Illustrations on the Natural History of Brazil (Abbildungen zur Naturgeschichte Brasiliens; Wied- Neuwied), 1140 Immigration, 121 acculturation and, 7-8,

11

to Argentina, 23, 24, 29, 30t, 94-95

assimilation and, 98-99, 100, 102

to Berlin (Kitchener), Ontario, 139, 141

to Brazil, 23, 24, 28-29, 30t, 166-169, 170, 183, 1105, 1106

to Bremerhaven, 181-182

to Buffalo, New York, 186

to Canada, 6-11, 33-34, 207, 211

to the Caribbean, 24 to Central America, 24

to Chicago, 229,

230-231, 539-540 to Chile, 24, 29, 234,

235-236

to Cincinnati, 242-243 to Colombia, 24 connections to society of origin and, 8, 10 to the Dakotas,

1101-1102 to Georgia, 403-405 to Germantown,

Pennsylvania, 444 to Illinois, 538 indentured servants and,

6

to Indiana, 550-551

to Iowa, 566-567

to Kansas, 1101-1102 to Latin America, 23,

27-30, 33-34 to Louisiana, 699 to Mexico, 24, 30,

731-732

to Milwaukee, 752 to Minnesota Holy Land, 764-766

to New Braunfels, Texas, 813

to New Orleans, 815-816

to New York City, 431, 817, 818-820 Norddeutscher Lloyd and, 828

to North America, 5-11 to Nova Scotia, 6,

829-830, 830-832, 832-833 to Ontario, 850,

851-852, 852-853, 854

to Oregon, 1101-1102 origin of Germans

Americans and, 3-5 to Paraguay, 29-30, 867 to Pennsylvania, 425,

426, 428-429, 444,

872-873, 960, 961, 963

to Sao Paulo, 28-29 settlement areas in, 3-5

Immigration (cont.)

to South America, 23-25 to Texas, 987, 989, 990,

1025, 1026, 1027, 1028-1029 twentieth-century pattern changes in, 33-34 to United States, 6-11, 33-34

to Uruguay, 24, 30 to Venezuela, 24 to Waterloo, Ontario, 1119, 1121

to Waterloo County, Ontario, 1115-1116, 1117, 1118

See also Amish; Anti­Socialist Laws; Assimilation, of Germans, in U.S.; Berlin/Kitchener, Ontario; Canada, Germans in, during World Wars I and II; Chicago; Forty- Eighters; Germantown, Pennsylvania; Hessians; Migration, German-Jewish; New Orleans; New York City; Newspaper press (U.S.), German- language in; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Pietism; Politics, German Americans and; Schurtz, Carl; Texas; World War I, German Americans and

Immigration Act of 1917, 19

LPC Clause, 19, 20 Immigration Restriction Act of 1924, 323 Imminent Dangers to the Free Institutions of the United States through Foreign Immigration and the Present State of Naturalization Laws (Morse), 659 Impressionen uber Sinclair Lewis (Zweig), 664 Impressions from a

Tenement House (Bilder aus der Miethkaserne;

Sturenburg), 834 IMT. See International

Military Tribunal In Amerika (Gerstacker), 975 In Both Hemispheres (In

beiden Hemisphdren;

Sutro-Schucking), 834 In Defense of the National

Interest (Hans Morgenthau), 771 In the Far West: German

Settlers in North

America: A True Story (Im Fernen Westen, deutsche Ansielder in Nordamerika: Eine wahre Erzdhlunt;

Lenk), 656 In the High Andes of

Ecuador, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, etc.: Travels and Studies (In den Hoch-Anden von Ecuador, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi etc. Reisen und Studien; H. H. J. Meyer), 747 In the Tide of Time or

Capital and Labor (Im Strom der Zeit oder Kapital und Arbeit; Messmer), 835 Independence Day (film), 346 Indian captivity, 542-545 captivity narratives and,

543-545 number of captives and,

543 See also Muhlenberg,

Heinrich Melchior;

Staden, Hans; Travel literature, German- U.S.

Indian Country on the Caribbean Sea (Indioland am Karibischen Meer;

Helbig), 497 Indian films, of DEFA,

546-550.

See also Buffalo Bill; Film (German), American influence on; indianerflme; Literature (German), Indians in; May, Karl; Welskopf-Heinrich, Liselotte

The Indian Man (Die Indianergeschichte; Drabsch), 560

Indian novel (Indianer- Roman), 557-560

Indian slave trade, 255 Indian Types from the

Amazon (Indianertypen aus dem Amazonasgebiet; Koch- Grunberg), 617

Indiana, 550-554

first settlers in, 550-551

German architecture in,

552- 553

German folk tradition in, 552

German language in, 551-552

immigration to, 550-551 religious architecture in,

553- 554

See also Beer; Leopoldine Foundation

Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (film), 339

Indianerfilm (German Western film), 345-346, 352-353, 548. See also Indian films

Indians, in German literature, 554-560 fiction and nonfictional texts about, 557-560 idiomatic sayings and, 555

Indian novel and, 557-560

Indianthusiams and, 555 travel literature and, 555-557

See also Bodner, Karl; Buffalo Bill; Chamisso, Adelbert von; Duke Paul Wilhelm of Wurttemberg;

Humboldt, Alexander von; Indian captivity; Indian films, of DEFA; Langsdorff, Georg Heinrich von; May, Kar; Mollhausen, Balduin von;

Sealsfield, Charles; Strubberg, Frederic Armand; Welskopf- Henrich, Liselotte; Wied-Neuwied, Maximilian Alexander Philipp Prinz zu, W.

The Indians of North

America (Die Indianer in Nord-Amerika; F. Pierz), 765

Indianthusiams

(Indianertumelei), 555 The Inequality of Human Races (De Gobineau), 321

Information Control

Division (ICD), 68 Institute for Advanced

Study, 88, 302, 303 Institute for Art History,

423

Institute for Social Research, 47, 48, 267, 378, 517 Institute of International Education (IIE), 432 “Instructions for the Government of Armies of the United States in the Field” (General Orders No. 100; Lieber), 668 Integralism, 561-562.

See also Brazil; Latin American, and Nazi economic policy; Latin America, Nazi Party in Intellectual exchange, U.S.- German, 1073-1077 American students, at German universities and, 1073-1074

Carnegie Corporation

and, 1076

German American professorial exchange program and, 1074, 1075, 1076-1077

German scholars and, 1073

German scientists and, 1073, 1075-1076

during Great Depression,

1076

during Nazi era, 1076-1077

during post-World War I era, 1075-1076

reform of education and research institutions and, 1074-1075

Rockefeller Foundation and, 1076, 1077 student exchange programs and, 1076 world exhibitions of 1893 and 1904 and, 1074 during World War I, 1075

during World War II,

1077

See also American students, at German Universities; Amerika- Institut; Bloch, Felix; Follen, Charles; Francke, Kuno; Fulbright Program; Gottingen, University of; Intellectual exile; Jewish refugee scientists; Lieber, Francis (Franz); Munsterberg, Hugo; Schurz, Carl; Warburg, Felix M. Intellectual exile, 562-564.

See also Adorno, Theodor; Bauhaus; Brecht, Bertolt; Einstein, Albert; Frankfurt School; Fromm, Erich; Gropius, Walter; Huebsch, Ben W.; Jewish refugee scientists; Kracauer,

Siegfried; Lang, Fritz; Mann, Thomas; Marcuse, Herbert; Morgenthau, Hans J.; Neumann, Franz; Schoenberg, Arnold Inter-Governmental

Committee on Refugees, 34 International Congress of

Women, 40 International Council of

Women (ICW), 193, 194, 565-566 first international meeting of, 565 first presidents of, 565 main concerns of, 565-566

See also Bund Deutscher Frauenvereine International Education Series, 610 International film industry, 341

The International Jew: The World’s Foremost Problem (Der Internationale Jude; H. Ford), 199, 359 “The International Judicial Function: Its Nature and Its Limits” (Hans Morgenthau), 770 International Kindergarten Union (IKU), 610 International Lutheran Council, 707 International Military Tribunal (IMT), 571-572, 837, 839-840. See also War tribunals

International Research and Exchanges Board (IREX), 422

International Society for Racial Hygiene (ISRH), 323

International Society for Social Research, 379

International Style, 122, 589 International Style:

Architecture since 1922 (Johnson and Hitchcock), 589

International Swimming

Hall of Fame, 292

International Theosophical Brotherhood (Internationale Verbruderung; Theosophische Gesselschaft), 487

International Women's Conference of 1893, 193

International Workers of the World (IWW), 83

International Workingmen's Association (Internationale Arbeiter Association), 976

Into the Wilderness (Bis in die Wildniss; Strubberg), 1017

Intolerance (film), 1016 Intra-German Basic Treaty of 1972, 1072

Introduction to Cosmography (Cosmographiae Introductio; Waldseemuller), 1108

Iowa

Amana Colonies in, 53, 55-56

German dialects in, 566-569

immigration to, 566-567 See also Amana colonies

Die Iowa, 457

Irala, Martin Domingo, 946

Iraq war, GIs, in West Germany, during, 451

IREX. See International Research and Exchanges Board

Irling, Johann, 738

Irma la Douce (film), 1143

Irving, Washington, 107, 116, 453, 558, 587, 1045

Isaac, Lazarus, 452

Isaacs, Samuel, 17

Isaacson, Walter, 615

Isenburg-Birstein, Prince

Karl von und zu, 993

The Island of Bangka (Die Insel Bangka; Helbig), 496

The Israelite, 17, 243, 1150

ISRH. See International Society for Racial Hygiene

ISZ. See Illinois Stattszeitung It Cant Happen Here (Lewis), 664, 1036

Itten, Johannes, 123

Ives, C. Joseph, 769

Iwonski, Carl, 1029

IWW. See International

Workers of the World

J. and W. Seligman company, 376

Jackson, Andrew, 117, 311, 469, 894

Jackson, Claiborne, 63

Jackson, Jonathan, 267

Jackson, Robert H., 571-572, 839. See also Nuremberg trials

Jackson, Thomas “Stonewall,” 63, 299, 942

Jackson, William Henry, 884

Jacob, Heinrich Eduard, 521

Jacob, John, 817

Jacobi, Frederich Heinrich, 1013, 1043

Jacob's Blessing (“Der Segen Jacobs”; Kohler), 621

Jacobson, Egbert, 862

Jacobson, Israel, 591

Jacoby, Leopold, 1047

Jacoby, Ludwig Sigismund, 58

Jacques, Norbert, 638 Jaeckle, Edwin, 189

Jaeger, Fritz, 1107 Jaenicke, Adolph, 635, 636 Jagger, Mick, 501-502

Jahn, Friedrich Ludwig, 334, 335, 667, 1059, 1060

Jahn, Hans Henny, 686 Jahnke, Ernest Lee, 88 Jahreszeiten (Seasons), 104 Jamaica, 572-573

slavery in, 572

James, Henry, 1048 Jameson, Frederick, 381 Jan und Jutta (Welskopf- Henrich), 1128 Jane’s Fighting Ships, 1157 Jannings, Emil, 278, 513-514, 573-574, 703, 797, 921, 1003, 1199.

See also Dietrich, Marlene; German film, American influence in; Hollywood; Lubitsch, Ernst, Murnau, Friedrich Wilhelm; Reinhardt, Max; Sternberg, Joseph von Jansen, Carl, 406, 409 Jara, Victor, 919 Jarmusch, Jim, 1134 Jasper, William, 405 Jay, John, 790, 1053, 1054 Jay Treaty, 37, 106, 790 “Jazede” (Gerstacker), 975 Jazz, 49

Americanization and, 76 JDC. See Joint Distribution Committee

Jefferson, Thomas, 106, 225, 531, 532

Treaty of 1785 and, 1054 Jehovah's Witnesses (JW), 57 Jelinek, Elfriede, 688 Jensen, H. D., 1142 Jeremiah: A Drama in Nine Scenes (Zweig), 525 Jessing, John Joseph, 575.

See also Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in Jessner, Leopold, 277, 654 Jessup-Malik Agreement of 1949, 1136 Jesuits. See German Jesuits Jet Pilot (film), 1004 Jewish Community of Sao Paulo (CIP; Congregaφao Israelita Paulista), 173 Jewish press, 17 Jewish Publication Society (Judische Publikations Gesellschaft), 378 Jewish refugee scientists,

575-586

in biochemistry, 577,

580-581 citations, Nobel prizes,

and major contributions of, 576, 577, 578-579t, 580, 581, 584, 585 dismissals and forced

emigrations of, 576-577, 578-579 in industry, 585-586 in Manhattan Project,

576

in molecular biology, 582 in physical chemistry, 584-585

in polymer chemistry, 582-584

See also Einstein, Albert;

German Jewish refugees; Intellectual exile; Migration, German-Jewish;

Wigner, Eugen(e) Paul Jewish Religious Association (Israelitischen

Religions-gesellschaft), 377

Jewish Society for History (Judische Gesellschaft fur Geschichte), 378

Jewish Theological Seminary,

594

Jewish Women's Congress,

17 Jewish World Congress,

1072 Jews, eugenics movement

and, 321

Jews and Judaism in the Work of Rembrandt (Jude und Judentum im Werk Rembrandts; Seghers), 966

Jezebel (film), 1189 Joao VI, 176 Jodl, Alfred, 839

Johann, King of Saxony

(pseud. Philalethes), 586-587, 1089. See also Adams, John

Quincy; Motley, John Lothrop; Ticknor, George; Travel literature, Germany- U.S.

John VI, 166 John XXIII, 786 Johns Hopkins University,

588-589

Johnson, Alvin, 495, 563 Johnson, Andrew, 117, 665 Johnson, Blind Willie, 1133 Johnson, Cornelius, 848 Johnson, Eastman, 662 Johnson, Harvey J., 421 Johnson, Lyndon B., 136,

795

Johnson, Philip Cortelyou, 125, 126, 589-590.

See also Rohe, Ludwig Mies van der Johnson, Uwe, 689 Johnson, Walter, 1087 Johnson Act. See Emergency

Immigration Restriction Act of 1921 Johnson administration,

1072 Joint Chiefs of Staff

Directive 1067, 66-67, 774, 1082 Joint Distribution

Committee (JDC),

18, 173, 1112-1113 Joint Shareholder

Association for the

Construction of Small Tenement Housing (Aktiengesellschaft zum Bau kleiner Wohnungen), 376 Joint Synod of Ohio, 709 Joist, Johann Heinrich,

590-591

Jones, Henry, 150 Jones, Jesse, 508 Jonny Steals Europa (Jonny

Stiehlt Europa; film), 349

Jonny Strikes Up (Jony spielt auf; Krenek), 49 Joseph and His Brothers (Joseph und seine Bruder; Mann), 719

Joseph II, 843

Joseph Schlitz Brewing

Company, 132-133 Journal fur Makromolekulare

Chemie (Journal for

Macromolecular Chemistry), 584

Journal fur Praktische Chemie (Journal of Practical Chemistry), 584

Journal of Brazil, or Mixed News from Brazil Collected on Scientific Journeys (Journal von Brasilien oder vermischte Nachrichten aus Brasilien auf wissenschaftlichen Reisen gesammelt; Eschwege), 318

Journal of Chemical Physics, 584

Journal of Polymer Science, 584

Journal of the RGS, 948 A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States, with Remarks on Their Economy, 844

Journey into the Rocky Mountains of North America to the High Plains of New Mexico (Reise in den Felsengebirgen Nord- Amerikas bis zum Hoch-Plateau von Neu- Mexico; Mollhausen), 769

Journey through the Andes of South America; from Cordova to Cobija in the year of 1858 (Reise durch die Andes von Sud- Amerika, von Cordova nach Cobija im Jahre 1858; Tschudi), 1058

Journey to Brazil in the Years 1815 to 1817 (Reise nach Brasilien in den Jahren 1815 das 1817; Wied-Neuwied), 1140

Journey to Brazil (Reise nach Brasilien; Burmeister), 196

Journey to Texas, With Information about This Land for Germans Planning to

Go to America (Reise nach Texas, nebst Nachrichten von diesem Lande fur Deutsche, welche nach Amerika zu gehen beabsichtigen; Dunt), 285-286, 315 Journey to the Missions (Reise in die Missionen; Baucke), 94

Journeys through South America (Reisen durch Sudamerika; Tschudi), 1058

Joyce, James, 518 Juarez, Benito, 622

Jud Suss (Feuchtwanger), 524

Judaism, Reform (North America), 15, 16-17, 301, 591-595

Classical Reform and, 594

Columbus Platform and, 594

first Reform congregation and, 592

first Reform rabbis and, 592

German language and, 592

during the Holocaust, 594-595

national religious platform of, 592-594

Pittsburgh Platform and, 594

roots of, 591-592

Zionism and, 594 See also American churches; Chicago; Cincinnati; Einhorn, David; Kohler, Kaufmann; Lesser, Isaac; Migration, German-Jewish; New York; Religion; Wise, Isaac Mayer

Die Judische Wochenschau (The Jewish Weekly), 96

Julian, Rupert, 1016 Jung-Stilling, Johann

Heinrich, 906 The Jungle Cycle (Dschungel

Zyklos; Traven), 1052

Junker, Detlef, 424

Jurgens, Curd, 514

JW. See Jehovah's Witnesses

Das Kabinett des Doktor

Caligari (film), 627

Kadelburg, Gustav, 677 Kafka, Franz, 562, 685 Kahler, Martin, 283 Kaiser, Georg, 686, 1049, 1091

Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Eugenics, and Human Heredity, 323

Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology, 455

Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Psychiatry, 323

Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Physics, 302

Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes, 456, 576

Kaiserfeier, 334-335

Kalbfleisch, Joachim, 925

Kalender fur die Deutschen in Brasilien (Calendar for Germans in Brazil), 928

Kallen, Horace M., 261 Kaltenbrunner, Ernst, 839 Kaltschmidt, Albert, 1169-1170

Kaminski, Ludwig, 407

Kammerhueber, Wilderich von, 249

Kammerspielfilm, 797

Kandinsky, Wassily, 123, 950

Kansas

German dialiects in, 597-599

immigration to, 1101-1102

See also Amish; Brazil; Lutheran Church- Missouri Synod; Pennsylvania German (Dutch) language; Volga Germans, in the U.S.

Kansas-Nebraska Act, 92, 538, 895

Kansas State Home for the

Feebleminded, 322

Kant, Hermann, 967 Kant, Immanuel, 82, 357, 379, 1041

Kant's Critizue of Judgment as the Connective Element between Theoretical and Practical Philosophy (Kants Kritik der Urteilskraft als Bindeglied zwischen theoretischer und praktischer Philosophie”; Horkheimer), 517 Das Kapital (Marx), 758 Kapp, Friedrich, 372, 600-601, 1047.

See also Bancroft, George; Forty-Eighters; Schurz, Carl; Steuben, Frederick von; Travel literature, Germany- U.S.

Kappler, August, 601-602. See also Paraguay

Karenga, Ron, 267 Karl Pollitz company, 376 Kaschnitz, Marie Luise, 891 Kasebier, Gertrude, 885 Kastner, Erich, 1143 Katholischer Westen (Catholic West), 457 Katholisches Wochenblatt (Catholic Weekly), 605, 821

Kattenbusch, Ferdinand, 283

Katz, Richard, 175 Katzer, Friederich, 754 Kaufmann, Walter, 1050 Kaufmann, Wilhelm, 62 Kaulbach, Mathilde “Quappi” von, 129-130

KDF. See Catholic German Women's Organization KdF. See Strength through Joy

Keane, James J., 458

The Kechua Language (Die Kechuasprache; Tschudi), 1058

Keel, Daniel, 281

Keeler, Ralph, 1046 Kehr, Eckart, 1085

Keil, Ernst, 929 Keitel, Wilhelm, 839-840 Keller, Gottfried, 685 Keller, Willy, 175 Kellermann, Bernhard, 685 Kelley, Florence, 52, 193 Kelley, Petra. See German students, at American universities

Kellog’s Corn flakes, 250 Kelly, Jack, 956 Kelly, John, 602 Kelly, Joseph, 957 Kelly, Petra, 434, 602—603 Kelpius, Johann, 603—604.

See also Ephrata;

Germantown, Pennsylvania; Pietism Kelpius, John, 889 Kenkel, Frederick P.,

420-421, 604-605.

See also German Catholic

Central-Verein;

Gonner, Nicholas E., Jr.

Kennedy, John F., 135-136, 161, 164, 686, 959 West Berlin and, 1138 Kennedy, Joseph, 198, 670 Kennedy administration, 1137

and United States, and East Germany, relations between, 1072

Kent, Rockwell, 520 Kenyon Review, 381 Kern, Maximillian, 635-636 Kerouac, Jack, 688, 1067 Kerr, Alfred, 1048 Kerschpamer, Antonio, 611 Kersten, Kurt, 108 Kessler, George Edward,

635, 636 Kessler, Harry Graf, 685 Ketteler, Bishop Von, 458 Key, Ellen, 519 Key to Uncle Tom’s Cabin,

974 Keynes, John Maynard,

1056

KFUO radio, 707 Khrushchev, Nikita, 135,

1137 Kierkegaard, S0ren, 47, 380 Kiesinger, Kurt, 1099 Kiesling, Hans von, 606, 642.

See also Chile; Faupel, Wilhelm; Latin America, German military advisors in Kiessow, Gerhard, 393 Kilian, Herman, 990 Kilian, Jan, 989-990 Kinder Journal (Children’s Journal), 856 Kindergarten Messenger (Peabody), 607 Kindergartners, 606-611.

See also Addams, Jane; Annecke, Mathilde Franziska; Chicago; Milwaukee; New York City; Schurz, Agathe Margarethe; Schurz, Carl; Transcendentalism; Zakrzewska, Marie Elizabeth Kinetoscope, 512 King, Mackenzie, 208, 209, 212

The King David Report (Der Konig David Bericht; Heym), 507 The King Steps Out (film), 1003 Kings of the Road (Im Lauf der Zeit; film), 351, 352

Kinkel, Gottfried, 684, 953, 1047

Kino, Eusebius Franciscus, 611-612. See also Mexico, German Jesuits in

Kinski, Klaus, 500, 501, 727 Kinski, Nastassia, 1133, 1134

Kirch Group, 258 Kirchhoff, Alfred, 999 Kirchhoff, Theodor, 613.

See also Travel literature, Germany- U.S.

Kirk, Raymond, 583 Kirkland, John, 1038

Kirsch, Sarah, 281 Kirst, Hans Hellmut, 686 Kisch, Egon Erwin,

613- 614, 735, 908, 1048.

See also Intellectual exile; Mexico; Travel literature, Germany- U.S.

Kissinger, Henry, 21,

614- 616, 628, 629, 770.

See also Kraemer, Fritz Gustaz Anton; World War II

Kitchener, Lord Horation Herbert, 141 Kitchener, Ontario. See Berlin/Kitchener, Ontario

Kitchi-Gami or Stories from the Upper [Great] Lakes (Kohl), 620 Klarsfeld, Beate, 119, 652 Klarsfeld, Serge, 119 Klauprecht, Emil, 676, 834 Klee, Gotthold, 656 Klee, Julius Ludwig, 655 Klein, Felix, 460, 1074 Klein-Rogge, Rudolf, 574 Kleinau, Elke, 952 Kling, Henry, 150 Klinger, Friedrich Maximilian, 683 Klopstock, Friedrich Gottlieb, 968, 1022 Klotz, Jakob Emil, 1117 Klutschak, Heinrich W., 679 Knapper, Erich, 407, 441 Kniestedt, Fritz, 173 Knife in the Head (Messer im Kopf; film), 352 Knight-Ridder journalistic empire, 822

Knights of Labor (KOL), 417, 752

Knights of Pythias, 417 Knoll, Georg, 409 Knopf, Alfred A., 520-521 Know-Nothing Party, 99, 240-241, 293

Knudsen, William, 198 Kobner, Julius, 59 Koch, Eleonore, 175 Koch, Gertrud, 627

Koch, John C., 752

Koch-Grunberg, Christian Theodor, 616-617. See also Brazil; Meyer, Herrmann

Koch-Weser, Erich, 174 Kodak, 585-586

Koehler Brewery, 246 Koehn, Willi, 644

Koenig, Paul, 1157, 1158 Koeppen, Wolfgang, 689, 1049

Koerner, Gustave Philipp, 92, 538, 618, 788.

See also Altgeld, John P.; American Civil War, German participants in; Frankfurt am Main, citizens of, in U.S.; Hecker, Friedrich; Illinois Staatszeitung; Politics, and German Americans; Schurz, Carl

Koerner, William Henry Detlef, 619. See also Indiana

Koester, Heinrich B., 603 The Kohinoor

(Hammerstein), 476 Kohl, Helmut, 89, 438-439

Bitburg war cemetery and, 146-148 Kohl, Johann Georg, 620-621.

See also Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth; Travel literature, Germany-U.S.

Kohler, Johanna, 621 Kohler, Johanna Einhorn, 301, 621

Kohler, Kaufmann, 301, 592, 594, 621-622.

See also Chicago; Einhorn, David; Judais, Reform (North America); New York City

KOL. See Knights of Labor Kolbing, Friedrich Ludwig, 679

Kollenberg, Baron Rudt von, 735

Kollonitz, Paul von,

622- 623.

See also Humbolt, Alexander von; Mexico; Travel literature, Germany- U.S.

Kolnai, Aurel, 794

Kolnische Zeitung (Cologne Newspaper), 914

Kolonie Zeitung (Colony Newspaper), 908

Kolping, Adolph, 1096 Komenda, Erwin, 1103

Konigin Luise (German ship), 481

Konigsberger Prozess, 783 Koon, Valentine, 150 Kooning, Willem de, 862 Koppe, Carl Wilhelm, 741 Koppers, Wilhelm, 470 Korean War, 364

GIs, in West Germany, during, 448-449 Korner, Emil, 239, 606 Korner, Gustav, 63, 374 Korner, Karl Theodor, 402 Kornfeld, Gertrud, 584, 585 Korngold, Erich Wolfgang,

514,623-625.

See also Hollywood, Intellectual exiles; Reinhardt, Max; Schonberg, Arnold Korngold, Julius Leopold (pseud. Paul Schott),

623- 624

Kortner, Fritz, 261 Koseritz, Karl von, 183, 406,

409, 441, 625-626, 928-929.

See also Brazil; Brummer; German almanacs, in Rio Grnde do Sul; Germanism, in Rio Grande do Sul; Printing and publishing; Schurz, Carl

Koseritz’ Deutsche Zeitung, 442, 626

Kosyk, Mato, 988, 990-991 Kotzebue, August von, 357 Kotzebue, Otto von, 225, 556

Kovalevskaia, Sofia, 460 Kracauer, Siegfried, 47, 563,

890 Kraemer, Fritz Gustav

Anton, 614-615, 628-629.

See also Kissinger, Henry;

World War II Kramer, G., 407 Kramer, Stanley, 280 Krapotkin, Petr, 82 Kraucauer, Siegfried,

626-627. See also Frankfurt School; Intellectual exile; Lang, Fritz; Murnau, Friedrich Wilhelm; Sternberg, Josef von Kraus, John, 607 Kraus, Theresa Barbara, 785 Kraus Alumni Association,

610

Krause, Arthur, 629-630 Krause, Aurel, 629-630 Krause, Karl Christian

Friedrich, 95 Krause-Boelte, Marie, 607,

608, 609, 610 Krausert, Michael, 54-55 Krauss, Angela, 1050 Krauss, Werner, 655, 921 Krebs, Hans, 580, 581 Kreisel, Henry, 674, 680 Kreisler, Fritz, 800, 801 Krenek, Ernst, 49 Kretzschmar, Hans, 642 Krez, Konrad, 409, 678 Kriebel, Christopher, 961 Kriege, Hermann, 1126 Kriege, Matilda, 607 Kroc, Roy, 727 Kroetsch, Robert, 680-681 Kroetz, Franz Xaver, 688 Krogger, Tim, 409 Krohn, Hellmuth von, 979,

980 Kruger, Hardy, 514 Kruger, Horst, 1049 Kruger, Michael, 281 Krumwiede, Marianne. See

Philippi, Marianne Krusenstern, Adam Johann

von, 1089 Ku Klux Klan, 189, 410,

631

Kuchler, Jacob, 266 Kuecherer, John, 186 Kuechler, Jacob, 836, 837,

1028

Kuhn, Dieter, 687

Kuhn, Fritz Julius, 87-88, 394, 410, 411-412, 630—631. See also Antisemitism; Denazification; Friends of the New Germany; German American Bund

Kuhn, Loeb, and Company, 377

Kundek, Joseph, 551 Kundt, Hans, 642 Kunert, Gunter, 281, 1050 Kungler, Henriette, 120 Kunne, Bruno, 441

Kunth, Gottlob Christian, 532

Kuntze, Reinhold, 515 Kunwald, Ernst, 631—633, 801.

See also Hammerstein, Oscar; Muck, Karl; Music (U.S.); world War I, German Americans and Kunze, Gerhard Wilhelm, 412

Kurnberger, Friedrich, 684 Kurscher, Arthur, 179 Kurt Imme Sails to India

(Kurt Imme fahrt nach Indien; Helbig), 496

La Mennais, Felicite Robert de, 1126

La Plata Ruf (La Plata Call), 96

Lachmann, Edmund, 776 Lachmann, Hans, 776 Lachmann, Salomon, 776 Laconia (Cunard liner), 1155-1156

Ladies’ Home Journal, 39, 1035

Laemmle, Carl, 511, 512, 513, 655, 1016, 1188

Laet, jan de, 722 Lafayette, Marquis de, 116, 357, 793

Lafayette Escadrille,

1159-1160

Lagarde, Paul de, 321 Laiboldt, Bernhard, 64 LAKGD Project. See Linguistic Atlas of Kansas German Dialects Project

LAlibi (film), 1017 Lamprecht, Gerhard, 1143 Land and People in America (Land und Leute in Amerika; Griesinger), 465

Land of Plenty (film), 1134

Land of Spring (Land des Fruhlings; Traven), 1052

Landgraber, Clemens, 63 Landmann, Barbara (nee Heinemann), 54

Landsberger, Franz, 594

Landscape architects, German American, 635—636.

See also Central Park; Cincinnati; Olmsted, Frederick Law; Strauch, Adolph Landscape Pictures of Brazil (Landschaftliche Bilder Brasiliens; Burmeister), 196

Lang, Fritz, 180, 342, 343, 348-349, 512, 514, 562, 627, 636-638, 697, 1132. See also Brecht, Bertolt; Dietrich, Marlene; Hollywood; Indians, in German literature; Lubitsch, Ernst; May, Karl Frederich; Murnau, Friedrich Wilhelm

Lange, C. See Cluss, Adolf Langenheim, Frederick, 883 Langenheim, William, 883, 1026

Langer, William L., 391 Langes, Albert, 718 Langham, Lillian May, 1005 Langmantel, Valentin, 947 Langsdorff, Georg Heinrich von, 638-639, 1139.

See also Brazil; Martius,

Carl Friedrich Philipp von; Natterer, Johann Baptist; Wied- Neuwied, Maximilian Alexander Philipp Prinz zu

Langsdorff, Hans, 45 Lanochi, Vicente, 738

Larsen, Viggo, 341 Larson, Jim, 191

Las Casas, Bartholome de, 1044

Lasker, Eduard, 86

Lasserre, Jean, 156

The Last Command (film), 1003

The Last Laugh (film), 797 The Last of the Mohicans (Der Letzte Mohikaner; Cooper), 555, 557

The Last Warpath (Der letzte Kriegspfad; Misch), 560

Laszlo, Nikolaus, 703 Latin America

German flag in, debate over, 735

German military advisers in, 639-643. See also Faupel, Wilhelm; Kiesling, Hans von immigration to, 23, 27-30, 33-34

Nazi economic policy in, 647-651

Nazi Party in, 643-646. See also Faupel, Wilhelm

Nazis in, 651-653. See also Barbie, Klaus; Braun, Wernher von; Eichmann, Adolf; Nuremberg trials printing and publishing in, 908

SCADTA in, 979-982 Laube, Heinrich, 684, 974 Lauck, Gary, 91

Laurence, Margaret, 675 Lautz, William, 188

Law, Annie, 610

Law, John, 698

Law and Economy (Weber), 924

Law for the Prevention of Progeny with Hereditary Diseases, 324

Law for the Restoration of the German Civil Service (Gesetz fur die Wiederherstellung des Berufsbeamtentums), 576

Lawrence, D. H., 518

Lawrence, T. E., 866

Laws, Annie, 609

Lazard Speyer-Ellissen company, 376

Lazarsfeld, Paul, 48

LC-C. See Lutheran Church- Canada

LC-MS. See Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod

Le Corbusier (ne Charles- Edouard Jeanneret), 466, 750, 751

Leacock, Stephen, 925 Leade, Jean, 603

League for Civil Rights (Liga fur Menschenrechte), 173

League of Austrian Women's Associations (Bund osterreichischer Frauenvereine), 566

League of Friendship, 810

League of Nations, 628, 1056, 1162

Leather-Stocking Tales (Cooper), 557

Lederer, John, 556

Lee, Arthur, 1053

Lee, Robert E., 1147

Leeser, Isaac, 17, 301, 593, 653-654, 1149.

See also Judaism, Reform (North America); Migration, German- Jewish

Lefevere, Andre, 281

Legal Aid Society of New York, 431

Leger, Fernand, 862

The Legitimate One and the Republicans (Der Legitime und die

Republikaner;

Sealsfield), 557—558

Leguia, Augusto B., 642 Lehenbauer, Albert, 407 Lehman, Gottfried Wilhelm,

59

Lehmann, Hartmut, 424 Lehmann, Max, 460 Lehmann, Paul, 156 Lehre und Wehre (Doctrine and Defense), 1109, 1111

Leidy, Daisy, 1062

Leigh, Janet, 1004 Leiningen, Prince Carl

Emich III of, 40, 41

Leiningen-Westerburg-Alt-

Leiningen, Count

Victor August of, 40,

41

Leininger, Barbara, 543, 544 Leininger, Regina, 543, 544-545

Leipziger Zeitung (Leipzig

Newspaper), 173 Leland, Charles Godfrey,

676, 1063 Lemonius, William, 572 Lenau, Nikolaus, 684 Leni, Paul, 277, 343, 513,

654-655, 1091, 1188.

See also Hollywood Lenk, Margarete, 655-656.

See also duden,

Gottfried; Travel literature, Germany- U.S.

Leno, Jay, 960

Lenroot, Irvine, 134

The Lenz Papers (Die Papiere des Andreas Lenz; Lenz oder die Freiheit; Heym), 507

Leo Baeck Institute,

656- 658. See also

New York City

Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook,

657- 658

Leo House, 201

Leo XII, 659

Leo XIII, 190, 201, 221,

457, 575, 754, 993 Leon, Daniel de, 1152 Leonard, Robert Z., 703

Leonard, William Ellery,

484

Leonhart, Rudolf, 834

Leopoldine, Empress, 166, 659, 809

Leopoldine, Princess, 723 Leopoldine Foundation, 658-659. See also Ludwig- Missionsverein

Leopoldine Mission Society, 551

Lerner, Alan Jay, 516

Lerner, Max, 262 LeRoy, Marie, 543, 544 Les Feux de la Saint-Jean (Stroheim), 1017

Leskoschek, Axel von, 175 Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, 356, 907, 1022

Lessons of Darkness (Lektionen in Finsternis; film), 502

Lester, Elliot, 798

Letter Exchange with Bonn (Briefwiechsel mit Bonn; Mann), 719 The Letter (film), 1189 Letters of a Defunct (Briefe eines Verstorbenen; Puckler-Muskau), 1009

Letters of Joe Klotzkopp, Esq. (“Briefe vun Joe Klotzkopp, Esq.”; Rittinger), 925

Letters of Obscure Men (Epistolarum obscurorum virorum; Hutten), 534

Letters on Silesia (Adams), 38

Letters on the Kindergarten (Frobel), 609

Die letzten Zeiten der Grdvenιtz (Griesinger), 466

Leupold, Dagmar, 688 Leuteritz, Karl, 868 Leutsch, Ernst Ludwig von, 459

Leutze, Emanuel Gottlieb, 660-662

paintings of, 660-662 Lewis, G. N., 584

Lewis, Jerry, 698

Lewis, Meriwether, 1090 Lewis, Sinclair, 662-664, 686, 1036, 1048.

See also Huebsch, Ben W.; Mann, Thomas; Thompson, Dorothy; Travel literature; Germany-U.S.;

Zuckmayer, Carl Ley, Robert, 644, 839 Leyendecker, Johann, 384 Leyh, Eduard, 834 Liberal Republican

movement, 664-666. See also Forty-Eighters;

Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; Politics, and German Americans; Schurz, Carl; Sigel, Franz Liberty Bonds Crusade, 247 Libeskind, Daniel, 90 Licht-Freund (Light-Friend),

789 Lieber, Ernst, 458 Lieber, Francis (Franz),

305-308, 666-668, 1045, 1046, 1047, 1060, 1073.

See also Burgess, John

William;

Encyclopaedia Americana; Turner Societies Liebermann, Max, 129 Liebig, Justus, 1073 Liebknecht, Karl, 757 Liebknecht, Wilhelm, 145,

668-669. See also

Anarchists; Anti­Socialist Law;

Haymarket Liebmann, Robert, 1199 Lietzemaier, Alwine, 602 Life magazine, 333, 886 Life of Schiller (Carlyle), 357 The Life of the European

Slave (Europaisches Sklavenleben; Hacklander), 976 Life ofWashington (A.

Bancroft), 116

The Light Face (Das Helle Gesicht; Welskopf- Henrich), 1131 Light over White Rocks (Licht uber weissen Felsen; Welskopf- Henrich), 1130

Like a Mighty Army: Hitler versus Established Religion (Schuster), 969

Lilienfeldt, Julia, 333 Lilienthal, Max, 243, 591 Lincoln, Abraham, 18, 63, 117, 187, 311, 325, 370, 494, 618, 654, 665, 668, 859, 895, 941, 957, 1147

Nast and, 803 Schurz and, 953, 954 Turner societies and, 1061

Lincoln, Labor, and Slavery (Schluter), 945

Lincoln National Bank, 247 Lindbergh, Anne, 393 Lindbergh, Charles

Augustus, 198, 393, 670-672, 981, 1144. See also Antisemitism;

Ford, Henry Lindheimer, Ferdinand, 814 Lindner, Richard, 862 Lingg, Louis, 490 Linguistic Atlas of Kansas

German Dialects (LAKGD) Project, 599

Link, Conrad, 58 Linne, Carl von, 112—113 Linth, Arnold Escher von der, 882

Lipmann, Fritz, 577, 580-581, 582

Lippmann, Walter, 1035, 1162

List, Friedrich, 356, 672-674

Das Literarische Echo (Literary Echo), 312 Literature, Canadian, Germany and Germans in, 674-675.

See also Literature, German Canadian Literature, German, the U.S.

in, 681-689.

See also Americanization; Brecht, Bertolt; Duden, Gottfried; Goethe, and the U.S.; Griesinger, Karl Theodor; Hecker, Friedrich; Heym, Stefan; Marcuse, Herbert; May, Karl Friedrich; Mollhausen, Heinrich Balduin; Munsterberg, Hugo; Ruppius, Otto; Strubberg, Friedrich August; Weitling, Wilhelm

Literature, German American, in the nineteenth century,

675- 679

drama, theater and, 677 erosion of German- language literature and, 678-679 historical novels and,

676- 677

of refugees and emigrants, 677-678 regional, 676 religious, 677 serialized novels and, 676

See also Anarchists; Forty-Eighters; May, Karl Friedrich; Mollhausen, Heinrich Balduin; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; Pennsylvania German (Dutch) language; Ruppius, Otto; Sealsfield, Charles; Strubberg, Friedrich August; Weitling, Wilhelm

Literature, German Canadian, 679-681 cultural heritage and, 680-681 German-language belles letters and, 679, 680 journalism and, 680 memoirs, travel writings and, 679—680 realist fiction and, 680 See also Ontario;

Rittinger, John Adam Little Dieter Needs to Fly (film), 502

The Little Foxes (film), 1189 “Little Red Riding Hood” (Grimm brothers), 285

The Littler Herr Friedmann (Der kleine Herr Friedmann; Mann), 718

Littmann, Ulrich, 399 LIVE OAK, 214

Living Images of America (Lebende bilder aus Amerika; Griesinger), 465

Lizzie Borden (opera), 890

Llewellyn, Karl Nickerson, 689-691

Llewellyn, William Henry, 690

LLL. See Lutheran Laymen's League

Lloyd, David, 870

Lloyd, Henry D., 53 Locke, John, 1041 Loeb, Jacques, 456,

691- 692

Loeb, Solomon, 940

Loeb, Theresa, 940

Loeb and Co., 79 Loewe, Frederick, 514, 516 Loewenstein, Karl,

692- 693. See also

American Occupation Zone; Intellectual exile Loewi, Otto, 580 Loffler, Josias Friedrich Christian, 784

Logan, James, 869, 871, 1123

Lohe, Johannes Konrad Wilhelm, 694

Lohe, Wilhelm, 709 Lohenstein, Daniel Casper von, 682

Lohmann, Dietrich, 514

Lombroso, Cesare, 321—322 London Agreement, 839, 1135

London Protocol, 135, 1135 The London Times, 750

Long, Breckenridge, 88 Long, Huey, 589

Long, Lutz, 848 Longfellow, Henry

Wadsworth, 459, 620, 694-696, 1045.

See also American students, at German universities; Follen, Charles; Gottingen, University of; Ticknor, George

Longstreet, General, 299 Loofs, Friedrich Armin, 283 Looking Further Forward: An Answer to Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy (Michaelis), 834

Loos, Theodor, 574 Lopez-Cobos, Jesus, 245 Lorand, Stefan, 886

Lorre, Peter, 261, 514,

696-698, 1003

Los Angeles (airship), 290 Loser, Franz, 810

The Lost Weekend (film), 1144

Lotusbluthen (Lotus Blossoms), 487

Louis, Herbert, 1122

Louis, Joe, 49

Louisiana, 698-700

Gallicized and anglicized German names in, 698

German cultural, social, and economic influence in, 699-700

German culture in, 700

German settlement in, 698, 700

immigration to, 699 religion in, 700

See also Beer; Duden, Gottfried; New Orleans; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in

Louys, Pierre, 1003

Love Letters from Engadin (Liebsebriefe aus dem Engadin; film), 317 Love without Illusions (Liebe Ohne Illusion; film), 345

Low Dutch (Niederdeutsch), 287-288

Lowe (Lowe), Adolph,

701- 702. See also Frankfurt School; Intellectual exile

Lowell, A. Lawrence, 796 Lowell, James Russel, 1045 Lowenstein, Hubertus Prinz zu, 819

Lowenthal, Leo, 378, 379-380, 381, 626 Lubitsch, Ernst, 342, 343, 513, 573, 574,

702- 703, 901, 1132, 1143.

See also Dietrich, Marlene; German film U.S. influence in; Hollywood; Jannings, Emile; Preminger, Otto; Reinhardt, Max Lucas, Margaret Bright, 565 Luce, Henry R., 886 Lucerne Memorial, 202 Luckenmeyer, Jeanne, 144 Lucky Victim: An Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times 1933-1946 (Schmitt), 1180 Ludendorff, Erich von, 701 Ludvig and Irmaos company, 406

Ludwig, Emil, 1087 Ludwig, Ernst Reinhold, 406

Ludwig, Otto, 406 Ludwig, Paula, 175 Ludwig I, 703, 704 Ludwig-Missionsverein, 658,

703- 704. See also Leopoldine Foundation

Lujan, Rosa Elena, 1052 Lukacs, George, 47, 966 Lulsius, Levinus, 1044 Lundestad, Geir, 362 Lunenburg, 830-832 Lungkwitz, Hermann, 1029 Luria, Salvador, 582 Luschan, Felix von, 705—707. See also Eugenics

Lusitania, 1155, 1156—1157 Lusk, Lillian, 619 Luther, Hans, 394

Luther, Martin, 80, 81, 888, 960, 1111

Lutheran Church, 54, 55, 483. See also American churches; Religion Lutheran Church-Canada (LC-C), 707

Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod (LC-MS), 707-711, 1109 beliefs of, 707 confessionalism and, 707 development of, 707—708 hymnals, 711 membership in, 707, 709 method of Bible interpretation of, 711 See also Duden, Gottfried; Lohe, Johannes Konrad Wilhelm; Pietism; Walther, Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm The Lutheran Emigrants in North America (Agen.de fur christliche Gemeinden des lutherischen Bekenntnisses), 694 The Lutheran Hour (radio program), 710

Lutheran Laymen's League (LLL), 710

Lutheran Seminary, 283 The Lutheran Witness, 707, 709

Lutheran Women's Missionary League (LWML), 710

Lutheran World Federation, 707

Der Lutheraner (The Lutheran), 709, 1109 Lutterbeck, Walter, 174 Luxemburger Gazette, 457 LWML. See Lutheran

Women's Missionary League

Lynen, Feodor, 581

M. A. Gruenebaum and

Ballin company, 376 Maack, Reinhard, 713-714.

See also Brazil McAlmon, Robert, 1048 Macao (film), 1004 McCarthy, Joseph, 305 McClellan, George B., 371 McClernand, John, 859 McCloy, John, 69, 970,

1082

McClure’s, 39 McCormack Act, 411 McCormick, Anne O'Hare,

1079 Macdonald, Angus,

1186-1187 McDonald, Dick, 727 McDonald, Mac, 727 McDonald's Restaurant, 76,

727-729 consumerism and, 258 founder of, 727 in Germany, employee

treatment and, 728 in Germany, number of,

729

in Germany, reputation of, 729

overseas markets and, 728

See also Americanization;

Chewing gum; Coca

Cola; Consumerism MacDowell, Edward, 800 McGarrity, Joseph, 750 McGovern, James, 1050 Mach, Ernst, 691-692 Machiavelli, Niccolo, 1013 McIlwain, Charles Howard,

776

Mack, Alexander, 603, 889 Mackenna, Benjamin

Vicuna, 235 McKinley, William, 39, 83,

241, 387 MacLaren, Donald, 1185 McLaren, Priscilla Bright,

565

McRae, Colin D., 836-837 Madame Du Barry (film),

342

Madero, Francisco, 216,

743, 858

Madero government, 744

Madison, James, 107

Madonna of the Prairies

(Hough), 619

Maenz, Andreas, 784

Maenz, Jacobina, 784

Maenz, Johann Liborius, 784

Maeser, Karl Gottfried, 715-717. See also Humboldt, Wilhelm von

Maeser, Reinhard, 717

The Magazine G, 751

Magellan, Ferdinand, 93

The Magic Mirror (Singmaster), 973

The Magic Mountain (Mann), 794

Mahler, Gustav, 466, 801 Maimonides, Moses, 1013 Main Street (Lewis), 662 Maitoba Free Press, 203 Major-Post-Office-Journal (Ober-Post-Amts- Zeitung), 62

The Making of a Paratrooper, Airborne Training and Combat in World War II (Gabel), 1180

The Making of “Hulk” (film), 502

Malaspina, Alejandro, 471 Maltby, Margaret Eliza, 460 The Maltese Falcon

(Hammett), 278, 1132

Maltz, Albert, 1048 Mamoulian, Rouben, 279 Man and the Moon (film), 164

The Man from Colorado (Der Mann aus Colorado; TV program), 919

Man in Space (film), 164

Mangold, Ferdinand, 635

Manhattan Opera House, 476

Manhattan Project, 149, 304, 397

Manifesto from Free Primal Christianity to the German People (Kobner), 59

Mann, Erika, 663

Mann, Heinrich, 261, 563, 574, 717, 908, 1003, 1199

Mann, Horace, 607 Mann, Klaus, 663, 689, 1049 Mann, Mary Tyler Peabody, 607

Mann, Thomas, 108, 180, 262, 312, 521, 562, 717-719, 794, 950, 1049, 1199.

See also Aufbau; Brecht, Bertolt; Intellectual exile

Mannerchor societies, 800 Mannheimer, Isaac Noah, 1148

Manning, William T., 87 Manteuffel, Hasso, 1175, 1176

Mapa del Interior de la Republica Argentina (Brackenbusch), 160 Mapa fitogeogrdfico do Estado do Parand (Maack), 714

Mapa geologico do Estado do Parand (Maack), 714 Maracaibo, Lake, 255 Marathon Man (film), 339 Marbach, Adolph, 1110 Marcel, Gabriel, 395 March, Otto, 494 March of Dimes, 413 Marcuse, Herbert, 88, 267, 268, 379, 380, 381, 396, 562, 686, 719-721.

See also Adorno, Theodore W.; Frankfurt School; Horkheimer, Max Marenholtz-Bulow, Baroness von, 610 Margaretha, Herbert, 583 Margolin, Charles, 520 Margona, Demetrius di, 766 Maria Theresa, 1096 Mariaux, Walter, 174 Mario and the Magician (Mario and der Zauberer; Mann), 718 Mark, Hermann, 583—584, 1141

Markbreit, Leopold, 241 Market National Bank, 241 Markgraf, Georg, 721-722.

See also Brazil Marlitt (Eugenie John), 930 The Marquesians and the Art (Die Marquesaner und ihre Kunst; Steinen), 1001 Marr, Wilhelm, 321 The Marriage of Maria

Braun (Die Ehe der Maria Braun; film), 351-352

Mars and Beyond (film), 164 Marshall, George C., 363, 917 Marshall, Louis, 940, 1113 Marshall Plan (European Recovery Program), 68, 257, 363-364, 365, 391, 917 Martin, Jacques, 551 Martin, Paul, 344, 350 Martin Luther (Singmaster), 973

Martini, Martino, 611 Martins, Gaspar Silveira, 168

Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von, 638, 722-724, 809.

See also Brazil; Natterer, Johann Baptist Maruhn, Siegfried, 1051 Marvel, Carl S., 584 Marwedel, Emma Jacobina Christina, 608, 952 Marx, Eleanor, 669 Marx, Karl, 47, 248, 380, 395, 396, 518, 562, 668, 701, 720, 757, 758, 1126, 1128, 1145

Marxhausen, Conrad, 676 Mary Kreuzer (Ruppius), 930

Mary Wigman School of Dance, 516

Mason, William, 799 Mass consumption, 256-258

Americanization and, 78-79

debate over, 256

See also Consumerism

Mass culture, Americanization and, 78

Mass production, Americanization and, 78-79

Massing, Paul W. (pseud. Karl Billinger), 664

Mast, Charles, 1173 Mathematical Studies on

America (Progymnastica Mathematica Americana; Markgraf), 722

Matiauda, Heriberta, 1014 Matter, Herbert, 125 Matthiessen, Francis Otto, 257

Mauch, Christof, 424 Maulin, Anna Catherina. See Zenger, Anna Catherina

Maurer, Johann Georg, 784 Maximilian, Archduke (of Austria), 622, 984

Maximilian, Emperor (of Mexico), 732

Maximilian I (of Bavaria), 704

May, Emma, 726

May, Ernst, 794

May, Joe, 349, 636-637, 654, 1143

May, Karl Friedrich, 190, 546-547, 548, 555, 559, 560, 637, 684, 724-727, 769, 964, 1068, 1199. See also Indians, in German literature

Mayan ruins, 142

Mayer, Carl, 797-798 Mayr, Suzette, 681

Maytag Corporation, 56 Mazger, Paul Heinrich Wilhelm Albert, 283

MC. See Methodist Church The Meaning of Geneva, Where Capital Lives, There Can Be No Peace (Heartfield), 492

The Meaning of Life (Der Sinn des Lebens; film), 317

Means, Russell, 1131 MEC. See Methodist

Episcopal Church Medeiros, Borges de, 127 Media, consumerism and,

258

Megerle, Johann Ullrich,

677

Mehring, Walter, 1049 Meier, Hermann Henrich,

826-827

Meier, Johann Jakob, 153 Meinecke, Friedrich, 510 Meiser, Wilhelm (Wilhelm

Master), 454 Meitner, Lise, 582 Melford, George, 1091 Melish, John, 483 Melville, Hermann, 1045 Memorandum about Mt.

Cotopaxi (Memoria sobre el Cotopaxi y su ultima eruption;

Wolf), 1151 Memories of Texas

(Erinnerungen aus

Texas; Willrich), 834 The Memphis Belle (film),

1189

Men Must Act (Mumford), 794

Men on Sunday (Menchen am Sonntag; film), 1143

Mencken, H. L., 1048 Mendelsohn, Erich, 794 Mendelssohn, Felix, 277 Mendelssohn, Moses, 14,

591

Mendes, Lothar, 1091-1092 Mendoza, Pedro de, 93, 255, 945-946

Mengele, Josef, 96, 651,

652-653, 868-869 Mennonites, 5-6, 9-10, 80,

138, 139 in Canada, 202, 206,

207, 210-211

in Ontario, 850, 851 in Paraguay, 867

Volga Germans and, 1101 Merau-Brentano, Sophie, 683

Mercantil Tipografia, 407 Mercedes, 258

Mercersberg Review, 938 Merchandising AG, 258 Meredith, Michael, 1134 The Merida Cordellera (Die Cordillera von Merida; Sievers), 971 Meriweather, William H., 813

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 719

Merry-Go Round (film), 1016

The Merry Vineyard (Der frohliche Weinberg; Zuckmayer), 1199 Merzbacher, Leo, 591 Messersmith, George, 87 Messmer, Jacob J., 835 Messmer, Sebastian, 220, 458, 785

Messter, Oskar, 341 “A Method of Prayer” (Kelpius), 603

Methodist Church (MC), 59

Methodist Episcopal Church (MEC; Bischofliche Methodistenkirche), 58

Methodists, 58-59. See also American churches; Religion

Metropolis (film), 343, 349 Metropolitan Opera, 800 Metternich, Baron, 468, 659, 683, 809, 965 Metz, Christian, 54, 55 Metzler, Hugo, 407 Meusebach, John O., 42, 382-383, 729-731, 1027.

See also Adelsverein; Fredericksburg; New Braunfels; Solms- Braunfels, Prince Carl von; Texas

Mexican Petroleum Company, 743

Mexico, 731-737 banking in, 743 during the Cold War, 737 Colegio Aleman school in, 733-734, 736-737 German churches in, 734 German Club in,

mexicanization of, 736 German colony in, 733-734

German industrialists in, 733

German Jesuits in, 738-740. See also Kino, Eusebius Franciscus

German language in, 733 German-language press in, 733

German-Mexican relations in, 741-745. See also Carranza, Venustiano; Hapag; Mining; Volkswagen Company

German migrant community in, 732

German population in,

733

German school in, 733-734, 736-737 Germans merchants in,

734

immigration to, 24, 30, 731-732

military in, 744 Nazi Party in, 735 during post-World War II era, 736 self-segregation of Germans in, 733-734

tourism in, 745 trade in, 741-744, 745 during World War I, 216-217, 734, 744 during World War II, 735-736, 744-745

See also Carranza, Venustiano; German migration, to Latin America; Humboldt, Alexander von; Intellectual exile; Kish, Egon Erwin; Latin America, Nazi Party in; Seghers, Anna; Volkswagen Company; World War I

Mexico and the Mexicans (Mexico und die Mexicaner; Sartorius), 936

Meyen, Johann Jakob, 683 Meyer, Adolph, 466 Meyer, Agathe Margarethe

(nee Beusch), 951 Meyer, Else, 748 Meyer, Hannes, 124 Meyer, Hans Heinrich

Joseph, 488,

746- 747, 950. See also Meyer, Herrmann

Meyer, Heinrich Adolf, 952 Meyer, Heinrich Christian,

951

Meyer, Hermann, 746,

747- 749, 1001.

See also Brazil; Meyer,

Hans Heinrich Joseph;

Steinen, Karl von den Meyer, Hermann Julius, 746 Meyer, Joseph, 746 Meyer, Kuno, 749-750. See

also Amerika Institut;

World War I

Meyer, Margarethe, 607 Meyer, Michael A., 657 Meyerhof, Otto, 580, 581,

692

Mezes, Sidney, 1162

MGM studio, 343 Michael, Anne, 675 Michaelis, Richard, 834 Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 124, 125, 126, 233, 466, 750-751.

See also Bauhaus;

Gropius, Walter Mieth, Benjamin, 715 Migration, German-Jewish,

13-32, 85, 88, 95-96, 242-243

1654-1820, 13-14 1820-1917, 14-18 1918-1932, 18-19 1933-1945, 19-22, 21t during American Civil

War, 17, 18 on S.S. St Louis, 992-993 See also Antisemitism;

B'nai B'rith; Einhorn,

David; Einstein,

Albert; German Jewish refugees; Jewish refugee scientists;

Judaism, Reform (North America);

Kissinger, Henry; Leeser, Isaac; Schiff, Jacob Henry; Schonberg, Arnold;

Warburg, Felix Moritz; Wise, Isaac Mayer Mikan, Johann Christian,

723, 809 Milestone, Lewis, 574 Milik-Verlag, 490 Military Intelligence, 1167 Military Tribunal of Lyon,

119

The Millennium (Sinclair),

491

Miller, Burchard, 41

Miller, Frederick, 130, 133,

755

Miller, Heinrich, 906

Miller, Henry, 1050

Miller, John, 874

Miller, John Heinrich, 421,

823

Miller, Peter, 313, 314 Millet, Jean Franφois, 155 Millikan, Robert Andrew,

303,1075-1076 The Million Dollar Hotel

(film), 1134 Milwaukee, 230, 752-756 anti-German sentiment

in, 756 beer culture in, 131,

755-756 breweries in, 755-756 German cultural life in,

754- 755

German girls' school in,

755

German influence in,

755- 756

German language in, 754 German-language press in, 754

German political influence in, 752-754

German schools in, 754

German settlement in,

752 immigration to, 752 religion in, 754 during World War I, 756 See also Anneke, Mathilde

Franziska; Beer;

Berger, Victor L.;

Cahensly, Simon Peter Paul; Kindergartners; Milwaukee Socialists; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; St. Raphael's Association for the Protection of German Catholic Emigrants; Steuben, Frederick von; Steuben Society of America; World War I, German Americans and

Die Milwaukee Arbeiter Zeitung (Milwaukee Workers' Paper), 758

Milwaukee Journal, 756

Milwaukee Social-

Democratic Publishing, 753 Milwaukee Socialist

movement, 133 Milwaukee Socialists,

757-760

during World War I, 759 See also Berger, Victor L.;

Haymarket Riot; Milwaukee; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; Weitling, Wilhelm

The Mind of the Primitive Man (Boas), 556 Minhag America (Wise), 1150

Minima Moralia (Adorno), 48

Mining, 760-763.

See also Brazil; Conquista; Eschwege, Wilhelm Ludwig von;

Humboldt, Alexander von; Mexico; Mexico, German-Mexican relations in

Minnesota Holy Land,

763- 767

Benedictines in, 766, 767 Catholic missions in,

764- 766

cultural imprint of, 764 European settlement in, 764-766

Franciscan sisters mission

in, 766-767 immigration to, 764-766 Indian missions in, 765 missions and parishes in,

764-767 origin and growth of,

764-766

See also Indians, in

German literature;

Ludwig- Missionsverein; Pierz, Francis X.

Misch, Jurgen, 560 Mission Ridge, Battle of,

299 Missouri, 152 Missouri Historical Review,

284

Missouri River valley, 120 Mistress of the World

(Herrin der Welt; film), 349

Mitchum, Robert, 1004 Mithridates (Adelung and

Vater), 43-45, 1088-1089, 1090 Mitic, Gojko, 548-549 Mitre, Bartolome, 947 Mitropoulos, Dimitri, 862 Mitscherlich, Alexander, 675 Mitscherlich, Margarete, 675 Mittag, Martin, 186 Mitteis, Heinrich, 1008 Mitterand, Franφois, 146 Mittwochs-Gesellschaft fur

Wissenschaftliche Unterhaltung 117 Mockett Law, 807 Model T Ford, 1102-1103,

1104

Model Treaty of 1776, 1054 Modernism, 122

Moerlein, Christian, 246 Moholy-Nagy, Laszlo, 123, 125, 126, 862

Moller, August, 641 Mollhausen, Heinrich

Balduin von, 556, 557, 558, 676, 678, 684, 767-769.

See also Humboldt,

Alexander von;

Indians, in German literature; May, Karl;

Wurttemberg, Paul Wilhelm von

Molnar, Ferenc, 637 Moltke, Helmut von, 117 Moltke, Helmuth James

Count von, 1036, 1037

MOMA. See Museum of Modern Art

Mommsen, Theodor, 70, 117, 195, 904

Momper, Walter, 1139 Monroe, James, 871-872 Monroe, Marilyn, 901 Monroe Doctrine, 659, 665, 1092, 1094

Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de, 526

Montgomery, Bernard, 1175-1176, 1178

Mooney, James, 198 Moore, Billy, 919 Moore, Henry, 862

Moore, Stanford, 581

Moral Culture of Infancy, and Kindergarten Guide (Peabody and Mann), 607

Morawetz, Herbert, 583 Morel, Benedict Augustin, 321

Moreno, Garcia, 1151 Morgan, John Pierpont, 377, 827

Morgenblatt fur gebildete Leser (Morning News for Educated Readers), 104

Der Morgenstern (Morning Star), 1120

Morgenthau, Hans J., 562, 770-771, 1081, 1082.

See also Intellectual exile; Kissinger, Henry Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 66, 772-774, 1023, 1037 Morgenthau Plan, 66, 186, 772-774,1081-1082.

See also American Occupation Zone; Denazification; Nuremberg trials; U.S., postwar Germany and; World War II Morinigo, Higinio, 868 Moritz, Johann, 722 Mormonism, 715-716. See also Religion Mormons (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints), 57, 715, 1072. See also American churches; Religion

Morocco, First Moroccan Crisis and, 354-355 Morocco (film), 1003 Morris, William, 122 Morrissey, Paul, 1133 Morsbach, Lorenz, 460 Morse, Samuel F. B., 532, 659

Morton’s Hope (Motley), 780 Moscow Declaration, 839 Moseley, George Van Horn, 410

Moses, Siegfried, 657 Mosquito Coast, Moravian missionaries in, 774-775

MOSSAD, 296 Mosse, Felicia, 776 Mosse, George Lachmann,

776- 777. See also Intellectual exile; Plant, Richard

Mosse, Rudolf, 776 Most, Helene, 387 Most, Johann, 82, 83, 145, 385, 386, 387,

777- 779, 958.

See also Anarchists; Anti­Socialist Law; Freiheit; Schwab, Justus H. Motion Picture Patents Company, 512 Motley, John Lothrop, 325, 586, 587, 780-781.

See also American students, at German universities; Bancroft, George; Follen, Charles, Gottengen University Motz, Hans, 583 Motz, John, 137, 138, 925 Motz, William J., 925 Moulin, Jean, 118 Mountain Film (Bergfilm),

316

The Mountain System of Bogota (Die Kordillere von Bogota; Hettner), 504

Movement for a Free Germany (Movimento dos Alemaes Livres), 173-174

Movement of German Anti­Fascists (Movimento dos Alemaes Antinazis), 173

Movietone Newsreels, 512-513

Mowrer, Edgar Ansel, 1048, 1087

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 623, 799

Mrs. Miniver (film), 1189 MTV, consumerism and, 258

Muck, Karl, 633, 781-783, 801

Boston Symphony and, 782-783

See also Hammerstein, Oscar; Kunwald, Ernst; Music (U.S.), German influence on; World War I, and German-Americans; World War I, German prisoners and civilian internees in

Muckenhalter, Benno, 766 Mucker, 783-784 definition of, 783

Mucker Prozess, 783 “The Mud Turtle” (Lester), 798

Muehlheim Federation of Free Church Protestant Congregations (Muhlheimer Verband Freikirchlicher Evangelischer Gemeinden), 60 Muehlsiepen, Rev. Henry, 904

Muench, Aloisius, 785-787. See also American Occupation Zone; Denazification;

Milwaukee Muench, Friedrich,

787-789.

See also Duden, Gottfried; Koerner, Gustave; Travel literature, German- U.S.

Muench, Joseph, 785 Muhlenberg, Frederick

Augustus Conrad,

789- 790, 791.

See also Muhlenberg, Henry Melchior; Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel Muhlenberg, Henry Melchior, 545, 789,

790- 792, 889.

See also Muhlenberg, Frederick Augustus Conrad; Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel; Pennsylvania; Pietism; Weiser, Conrad Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel, 790-791,

792- 793.

See also Muhlenberg, Henry Melchior; Steuben, Frederick von Muhlenberg, Peter, 875 Muhlhauser, Gottlieb, 246 Muhlhauser, Henry, 246 Muller, Christoph Gottlob, 58, 59

Muller, Elias, 460 Muller, Elisabeth, 784 Muller, Fritz, 142

Muller, Johannes von, 683 Mulliken, Robert S., 584 Mumford, Lewis, 495,

793- 795.

See also Gropius, Walter Adolf; Mann, Thomas; Zuckmayer, Carl Munch, Edvard, 129 Munch, Friedrich, 92 Munchhausen, Karl Ludwig von, 968 Munchmeyer, Heinrich Gotthold, 724, 725 Munchmeyer, Pauline, 726 Munchner Illustrierte Presse (Munich Illustrated

News), 886

Mundt, Carla, 104 Muni, Paul, 277-278, 514 Munich Crisis, 646 Munsberg, Pedro, 1184 Munsterberg, Hugo, 80, 372, 686, 795-796, 1048, 1074.

See also Amerika Institut; Francke, Kuno; Intellectual exchange, U.S.-German

The Murderers Are among Us (Die Morder Sind Unter Uns; film), 351 Murdoch, Rupert, 258 Murnau, Friedrich Wilhelm, 277, 343, 501, 513, 573, 627, 796-798, 921, 1091. See also German film, American influence in; Herzog, Werner; Hollywood; Jannings, Emil; Reinhardt, Max Murphy, William Walton, 62

Murray, Anna, 104, 105 Murray, John, 1046 Museum of Modern Art (MOMA), 124-125, 493

Music, Americanization and, 76, 77

Music (U.S.), German influence on, 799-801

Boston Symphony and,

801

Chicago Symphony and, 800

Cincinnati Symphony and, 801

Metropolitan Opera and, 800

New York Philharmonic and, 799-800, 801 opera and, 800 orchestral music and, 799-800

Philadelphia Orchestra and, 800

See also Hammerstein, Oscar I.; Kunwald, Ernst; Muck, Karl

Mussolini, Benito, 127, 198, 652, 1171, 1182

Mutiny on the Bounty (Nordhoff and Hall), 1160

Mutis, Don Jose Celestino, 530

Mutual Help Society (Gemeinnutziger Verein), 334

Mutual Security Program,

364

My Battle (Mein Kampf;

Hitler), 91, 359, 478

My Bondage and My Freedom (Sclaverei undFreiheit; Douglass), 104, 975

My Flesh and Blood: A Lyric Autobiography with Indiscreet Annotations (Viereck), 1098

My Journey to the German Colonies in Rio Grande do Sul iMeιnι Reise nach den deutschen Kolonien in Rio Grande do Sul 1898-1899; H. Heyer), 748

My Life and Work (Mein Leben und Werk; H. Ford), 358

My Life (Mein Leben;

Seume), 968

My Wild Thirties (Meine wilden dreiβiger Jahre; film), 317

The Mysteries of St. Louis (Die Geheimnisse von St. Louis; Bornstein), 834

Mystyrion Anomias (Beissel),

905

Myth of 1860, 370 The Myth of the Machine (Mumford), 795

The Myths and Legends of

South American

Native People in Their Relation to Those of

North America and the Old World (Die Mythen und Legenden der sudamerikanischen Urvolker und ihre

Beziehungen zu denen Nordamerikas und der alten Welt;

Ehrenreich), 296

Najac, Emile de, 703 Nanga Parbat (film), 317 Napoleon, 85, 166, 308,

666, 704, 994-995 Napoleon (film), 1017 Napoleon III, 622, 665, 984 Napoleonic Wars, 14 Narrative of an Indian

Captive (Erzehlung Eines unter den Indianern gewesener Gefangenen;

Urssenbacher), 545 Narrative of captvity [sic] of

Marie le Roy and Barbara Leininger (Die Erzehlungen von Maria le Roy und Barbara Leininger, Welche vierthalb Jahr unter den Indianern gefangen gewesen, und am 6ten May in dieser Stadt glucklich angekommen; LeRoy and B. Leininger), 544 NASA. See National

Aeronautics and Space Administration

Nassau, Duke Adolf of, 41 Nast, Thomas, 803—805.

See also Anarchism;

Haymarket Riot; New York City

Nast, Wilhelm, 58, 242 Nast’s Weekly, 805 Naterer, Johann, 723 Nation, 845, 890, 954 National Aeronautics and

Space Administration (NASA), 164 National American Woman

Suffrage Association, 39

National Association for German Emigration and Settlement (Nationalverein fur Deutsche Auswanderung und

Ansiedlung), 375 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 39

National Associations of Poets, Essayists and Novelists (PEN), 507 National Catholic Welfare

Council (NCWC), 222

National Catholic Women's

Union, 420

National Committee for a

Free Germany (NKFD;

Nationalkommitee Freies Deutschland), 262

National Congress of

Mothers, 609

National Congress of Parents and Teachers (PTA), 609

National Council of

Catholic Women (NCCW), 219, 222 National Council of

Churches, 707

National Council of

Women, 192-194 National Education

Association's Kindergarten Department, 610 National German-

American Alliance (NGAA; Deutsch- Amerikanische National Bund), 505-506, 805-808, 1164, 1166 blue laws and, 806 disbanding of, 808 founding of, 805 gender makeup of membership of, 806 goals of, 806 politics, German

Americans and, 896, 897

National German-

American Alliance (cont.) preservation of German

culture and, 807 pro-German sentiment and, 807 prohibition and, 806 socioeconomic makeup of membership of, 806 during World War I, 805, 807-808

See also Bernstorff, Johann Heinrich von; German Society of Pennsylvania; Germantown, Pennsylvania; Hexamer, Charles J.; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; Steuben, Frederick von; World War I, German Americans and National German-American Teachers Association, 755

National Municipal League, 247

National Socialism (NS), 261 denazification and, 273 National Socialist German

Worker's Party (NSDAP), 96, 117, 145, 163, 185, 269, 272, 296, 868

in Brazil, 170-171 in Canada, 207 eugenics movement and, 323

Nuremberg trials and, 837

Olympic games and, 847 National Socialist German

Workers Party/Overseas Organization (NSDAP/AO), 91 National Woman Suffrage

Association, 416 National Women's Suffrage

Association, 565 Nationalism, antisemitism and, 89

Nativism

in Canada, 203, 204 in Cincinnati, 240-241 politics and, 895

See also Acculturation; Anti-German sentiment; Assimilation

Nativist movement, 99 NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization Natterer, Johann Baptist, 638, 809. See also Brazil; Martius, Carl Friedrich Philipp von

Natural History of Brazil (Historia Naturalis Brasiliae; Markgraf), 722

Natural History of Palm Trees (Historia naturalis palmarum; Martius), 723

Natural Right and History (Strauss), 1013-1014

Navigation in Front of the Boiler (Seefahrt von den Feuern; Helbig), 497

Nazi Party Abroad (AO; Auslandsorganisation), 643

Nazism

African Americans and, 49-50

Americanization and, 77 antisemitism and, 87 Bauhaus and, 124 film (American) and, 338-339

film (German) and, 344 Nazi film and, 350-351 television (American) and, 340

Vansittartism and, 1086 See also Antisemitism

NCCW. See National Council of Catholic Women

NCWC. See National Catholic Welfare Council

Neander, August, 938 Nechaev, Sergei, 386 Nederlands, 288

Neebe, Oscar, 52, 490 Neff, George, 1010 Negative Dialectics (Adorno), 48

Negri, Pola, 703

Negt, Oskar, 267 Neidhart, Sebastian, 254,

255, 760, 946 Nelle, Hergesell, 407 Nelson, Willie, 1133 Neo-Nazism, antisemitism

and, 90, 91 Nernst, Hermann Walther,

460

Neu-Braunfels Zeitung (New

Braunfels Newspaper), 814

Neu-eingerichteter

Americanischer

Geschichts- und Haus- Kalender (Newly Established American Historical and House Calendar), 545 Neu-Schottlaendischer

Kalender (Nova- Scotian Calendar), 833

Neuberg, Carl, 580 Neuces, Battle of the,

836-837.

See also American Civil War, German participants in; Texas; Verein

Neue Deutsche Blatter (New

German Journal), 966 Neue deutsche Zeitung (New

German Newspaper),

442

Neue Heimat (NH; New Home), 810. See also Aufbau; Davis, Angela Yvonne; Reed, Dean NeuePresse (New Press), 540 Neue Welt (New World), 857 Die Neue Zeit (The New

Times), 507 Neuendorff, Adolf Heinrich,

677

Neues Deutschland (New

Germany), 268 Neumann, Alfred, 574 Neumann, Franz L., 562,

564, 811-812, 1049.

See also Holborn, Hajo;

U.S., postwar

Germany and Neumann, Hans, 447

Neumann, John von, 379, 381, 397, 577, 1141, 1142

Neumann, Ricardo, 864 Neumeyer, Karl, 770 Neurath, Konstantin von, 840

The Never Ending Story (Die Unendliche Geschichte; film), 346 Nevin, John Williamson, 427, 938

Nevins, Allan, 1087

New Braunfels, Texas, 41-42, 812-814 during the American Civil War, 814 churches in, 813, 814 German-language press in, 814

German settlers in, 813 during the Great Depression, 814 immigration to, 813 industry in, 813-814 population of, 814 during post-World War II era, 814

public education in, 814 schools in, 814 social life in, 814 tourism in, 814 See also Adelsverein;

Fredericksburg; Meusbach, John O.; Solms-Braunfels, Prince Carl of; Texas New Cologne Newspaper (Neue Kolnische Zeitung), 84

New Deal, 563, 605, 759

New Fighter Aircraft project, 215

New Frankfurt Journal (Neue Frankfurter Zietung), 62

New genera and species of plants, collected in the years 1827-1832 in Chile and the Amazonean countries (Nova genera ac species plantarum quas in regno chilense peruviano et in terra

amazonica annis MDCCCXXVII ad MDCCCXXXII legit; Poeppig and Endlicher), 893 New genera and species of plants, which were collected and investigated through Brazil in the years 1817-1820 (Nova genera et species plantarum, quas in itinere per Brasiliam annis 1817—1820;

Martius), 723

New German Cinema, 346, 347, 351, 352-353 New German Critique, 422 New Harmony, 483 New Left Review, 381 New Market, Battle of, 371 The New National Era, 105 New Orleans, 699-700,

815-816

German associations in,

816

German churches in, 815 German language in,

815, 816 German-language press in, 815

German National Theater

in, 815 immigration to, 815-816 trade in, 815-816 during World War I, 816 during World War II,

816

See also Bremerhaven;

German Society of the City of New York;

Louisiana

New Orleanser Deutsche Zeitung (German Newspaper of New Orleans), 907

The New Republic, 794, 890 The New World, 1098 The New World: Travel

Sketches from the North and South of the United States, Canada, and Mexico (Die neue Welt:

Reiseskizzen aus dem Norden und Suden der Vereinigten Staaten sowie aus Canada und Mexiko; Deckert), 273 New World Club, 108 New York Actor's Studio, 574

New York City, 817-820 beer gardens and breweries in, 818 during the eighteenth century, 817 founding of, 817 German architectural styles in, 817-818 German Jewish refugees in, 819-820

German Jews migration in, 818

German-language press in, 818

German refugees in, 818 German street signs in,

817- 818 immigration to, 431,

817, 818-820

“little Germanies” in, 817 during the nineteenth century, 817-818 political refugees in, 818 during the twentieth century, 818-820 during World War I,

818- 819

See also Astor, John Jacob; Aufbau; Brecht, Bertolt; Einstein Albert; Forty-Eighters; Frankfurt am Main, citizens of, in U.S.; Fromm, Erich; German Society of the City of New York; Intellectual exile; Migration, German- Jewish; Nast, Thomas; New Yorker Staats- Zeitung; Schurz, Carl; Steuben, Frederick von New York Daily Times, 844 New York Evening Post, 86, 663, 954

New York Gazette, 1194 New York Graphic Society

(NYGS), 955

New York Herald Tribune, 1035

New York Herald, 822

New York Illustrated News,

803

New York Journal of Commerce, 822

New York Philharmonic, 799-800, 801

New York Post, 1035 New York Public Library, 107

New York Review, 780

New York Times, 291, 890, 1079

New York Tribune, 401, 664, 953, 1021

New York Weekly Journal, 1194-1195

New Yorker, 890

New Yorker Staats-Zeitung (New York Public News), 392, 541, 818,

820- 822, 907 during the American

Civil War, 821 Democratic Party and,

821

founding of, 820-821 during World War I,

821- 822

during World War II,

822

New Yorker Staats-Zeitung und Herold, 822, 909 Newly Formed Methodist Connection (Albrechts-Leute), 58 A Newly Organized Songbook (Neu- Eingerichtetes Gesang- Buch), 962

Newspaper press (Ontario), German language in, 855-857

Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in,

822- 826

during American Civil War, 824

decline of, 824-825 during the Great

Depression, 825-826 issues of, 825 origins of, 822-823 during postrevolutionary era, 823

during pre-American Civil War era, 823-824

primary audience of, 823 during World War I, 825 during World War II, 826

See also Anzeiger des Westens; Freiheit; Illinois Staatszeitung; Most, Johann; New Yorker Staats-Zeitung; Peter, Val J.; Printing and publishing; Sauer, Christoph; under individual countries and U.S. states NGAA. See National

German-American Alliance

Niblo, Fred, 1189 Nichols, Mike, 515 Nicholson, John, 453 Nickelodeons, 512 Nick’s Movie: Lightning over the Water (film), 1132

Niebuhr, Reinhold, 155, 156, 261, 262, 667 Niemeyer, Elina, 477 Niemeyer, Ernst, 409 Niemeyer, Johann, 477 Nies, Konrad, 409, 677 Nietzsche, Elizabeth, 867 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 368, 369, 379, 380, 867 Night of Broken Glass, 20 Night over the Prairie

(Nacht uber der Prarie; Welskopf-Henrich), 1130

Nimitz, Charles, 384 Nimitz, Chester, 384 Nineveh and Other Poems (Viereck), 1097 Ninotchka (film), 1143 Nitze, William A., 862 Nixon, Richard M., 268, 449-450, 614, 615 Nixon administration, 161, 629

Nizer, Louis, 1086 NKFD. See National

Committee for a Free Germany

Noe family, 783 Noether, Emmy, 460

Nolte, Hermann, 741 Norddeutscher Lloyd

(NDL; North German Lloyd), 182, 482, 862-829

during American Civil War, 827

Bremen and, 828 Bremen shipyards and,

827

during Danish-German war, 827

emigrant business and,

828

Europa and, 828 founding of, 826-827 Hapag and, 826, 827 Hapag-Lloyd and,

828- 829 international competition and, 827

North Atlantic trade and, 827

profits and, 827-828 races across the Atlantic and, 827-828

ship orders and, 827 workers strikes and, 828 during World War I, 828 during World war II, 828-829

See also American Occupation Zone; Bremerhaven; Hamburg; Hapag; Treaty of Versailles Nordenflycht, Baron von, 762

Nordheimer, Samuel, 853 Nordhoff, Charles, 1160 Nordwig, Wolfgang, 848-849

Norris, Isaac, 869

North America, immigration to, 5-11

North American Indian languages, 43-44, 45

North American Review, 116, 306, 307, 325, 326, 954

North Atlantic Treaty

Organization (NATO), 135, 186, 364, 365, 449 and bases, U.S., in

West Germany, 1069, 1070

Canada and, 212—215 German unification and, 438-440

North Cape in Sight (Nordkap in Sicht; Helbig), 496

North Carolina (ship), 105 North Dakota, immigration to, 1101-1102

North West Company, 106

North Wind-South Wind: Fairy tales and Myths of the Tierra del Fuegan Indians (Nordwind-Sudwind: Mdrchen und Mythen der Feuerlandindianer; Gusinde), 470

Northern German Federation, 63

Norton, Charles Eliot, 1045 Nosferatu (film), 501, 797 Notas preliminares sobre as agues do sub-solo da Bacia Parand-Uruguai (Maack), 714

Notes on Landscape Gardening (Andeutungen uber Landschaftsgdrtnerei verbunden mit der Beschreibung ihrer praktischen Anwendung in Muskau; Puckler- Muskau), 1009

Notes on the State of Virginia (Jefferson), 225

Nova Scotia, 829—833 German churches in, 831-832

German-language in, 831, 832, 833

German-language press in, 833

German organizations in, 833

German protestants in,

829- 830

German settlement in, 829-830, 830-832, 832-833

Halifax settlement in, 829-830, 832-833

Hessians in, 832 immigration to, 6,

829- 830, 830-832,

832- 833

Lunenburg settlement in,

830- 832

mercantilism in, 830 religion in, 831-832, 833 school in, 831, 832, 833 shipbuilding and fishing in, 831

trade in, 831

See also Hessians; Seume,

Johann Gottfried Novalis (Friedrich von Hardenberg), 356, 402, 695, 696

Novara (Austrian vessel), 109 Novel, German American,

833- 835

of education, 834 expository writing and, 835

Forty-Eighters and, 833 historical, 835 immigrants and, 834 “Mysteries of...”, 834 religion, gender, politics, American character and, 835

slavery in, 834 social realism and, 834 See also American Civil

War, German participants in;

Anneke, Mathilde Franziska; Forty- Eighters; German American literature, in the nineteenth century; Griesinger, Karl Theodor; Ruppius, Otto; Sealsfield, Charles; Strubberg, Friedrich August

Novel of Development (Entwicklungsroman; Longfellow), 696 November Revolution, 27

Novo, Estado, 440 NSDAP. See National

Socialist German

Worker's Party NSDAP/AO. See National

Socialist German

Workers Party/Overseas

Organization

Nuremberg Laws of 1935,

19

Nuremberg trials, 199,

837-841

Allied Control

Commission Law 10 and, 839

Churchill and, 839 first trial and, 839-840 IMT Charter and, 839 London Agreement and, 839

Moscow Declaration and,

839

NSDAP and, 837

Roosevelt and, 839

Stalin and, 839 systematic atrocities against civilians and, 837-839

and trials and punishment, disagreement over, 839

Truman and, 839

U.S. Office of the

Military Government for Germany and, 840 See also American

Occupation Zone;

Denazification;

Jackson, Robert H.;

U.S., postwar

Germany and; World

War II

Nuremburg Doctors' Trials,

325 Nurnberger, Lazarus, 254,

760-761

Nussbaumer, Frederick, 635,

636

NYGS. See New York

Graphic Society Oakley, Annie, 191, 192 Oberacker, Karl Heinrich,

407, 441

Oberon (Wieland), 38

O'Brien, John, 87, 393 Observations in Lower

California (Nachrichten von der amerikanischen Halbinsel Californien mit einem zweyfachen anhang falscher Nachrichten; Baegert),

111

Obwexer, Johann von,

843-844

Obwexer, Peter Paul von,

843-844

The Occident, 654 Occupation Statute, 363 Ochsenius, Carl, 882 O'Conner, Michael, 995 Odd Fellows, 417

The Odessa File (film), 339, 653

OEEC. See Organization for European Economic Cooperation

Oertel, Maximilian, 677 Of the Wood Called

Guaiacum (De Guaiaci medicina et morbo gallicus liber unus; Hutten), 534-535

Offenbach Socialist Office, 268

Office of Deputy Military Governor, 67

Office of Military

Government, United

States (OMGUS), 65, 67

Office of Naval Intelligence, 1167

Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 412

Ogden Land Company, 55 Ogelsby, Richard, 490 Oglethorpe James, 403, 404 O'Gorman, Charles, 742 Ohio, 575

Die Ohio Chronik (The

Ohio Chronicle), 243 The Ohio Orphan's Friend (Ohio Waisenfreund), 575

Ohio Waisenfreund (Ohio Friend of Orphans),

575

Oken, Lorenz, 1057 Oktoberklub, 389 Olat Tamid (Einhorn), 301, 1150

Olcott, Henry Steel, 487 Old and New Home (Alte und neue Heimath; Strubberg), 1017

The Old Slogan in the “New” Reich: Blood and Iron (Heartfield), 492 Oliva, Gian Paolo, 739 Oliven, Fritz, 175 Olmstead, John, 845 Olmsted, Frederick Law, 222, 223-225, 636, 844-846, 1012.

See also Central Park; Landscape architects Olympia (film), 316, 317 Olympia II (film), 317 Olympic games, 846-849

1979 boycott, 849

1980 boycott, 847 1984 boycott, 849 1924 Olympics, 291 1936 Olympics, 847-848 1972 Olympics, 848-849 1976 Olympics, 848

1979 Olympics, 849

1980 Olympics, 849 1984 Olympics, 848, 849 1988 Olympics, 848 1992 Olympics, 849 1996 Olympics, 849 2000 Olympics, 849 African Americans and,

49

antisemitism and, 88 Cata-Pole and, 848-849 Nazi Olympics, 847 NSDAP and, 847 Palestinian terrorism and, 848

performance-enhancing drugs and, 849 post-World War II era, 847

pre-World War II era, 846-847

racial superiority and, 846-847, 847-848 reunification of Germany and, 849 during World War I, 847 during World War II, 848

Omaha Tribune, 879

Omaha Westliche Presse (Western Press), 879 OMGUS. See Office of Military Government, United States

On the Animism of South American Indians (Zum Animismus sudamerikanischer Indianer; Koch- Grunberg), 616

On the Colonization of Europeans in Suriname (Over Kolonisatie met Europeanen in Surinam; Kappler), 602

On the Dutch Part of Brazil (Brasilia qua parte paret Belgis; Markgraf), 722

On the Ethnography of America, Especially Brazil (Zur Ethnographie Amerika’s zumal Brasiliens; Martius), 724

“On the Geological Conditions of the Province of Buenos Aires” (“Uber die geologischen Verhaltnisse der Provinz Buenos Aires”; Hauthal), 488

“On the Geological Significance of the Tropical Forms of Vegetation in Central and South America” (K. Sapper), 935

On the Indian Frontier, or Faithful Love's Reward (An der Indianergrenze oder treuer Liebe Lohn; Strubberg), 1017

On the Life and Thought of the Water Nomads in Western Patagonia (Vom Leben und

Denken der Wassernomaden in West-Patagonien;

Gusinde), 470 “On the Nature of the

Process of Fertilization and the Artificial Production of Normal Larvae (Plutei) from the Unfertilized Eggs of the Sea Urchin” (Loeb), 692

On the Warpath (Auf dem Kriegspfad; Wδrishδffer), 559

On the Witness Stand (Munsterberg), 795

Oncken, Hermann, 770 Oncken, Johann Gerhard, 59

Oncken Publishing House, 59

One, Two, Three (film), 1144 One-Dimensional Man

(Marcuse), 720 One-Feather, Elwa, 1131 One World in Charity (A.

Muench), 786, 787

Ontario, 850-854 acculturation in, 853,

857 amalgamation of, 857 anti-German sentiment

in, 853-854 churches in, 852, 853 content of, 856 economic life in, 853 end of, 857 English-language

adaptation and, 857 European Germans in,

851- 854

German clubs in, 853, 854

German language in, 850, 852, 854

German-language press in, 852, 853,

855-857

Hessians in, 850 immigration to, 850, 851-852, 852-853, 854

Mennonites in, 850, 851 Pennsylvania Germans in,

850

population of, 850 during post-World War II era, 854

religion in, 852, 853 schools in, 852 settlements in, 851-852,

852- 853

social life in, 852, 853

United Empire Loyalists in, 850

during World War I,

853- 854, 857

See also Berlin (Kitchener), Ontario; Canada, Germans in, during World War I and II; Hessians; Ontario, German- language press in; Verein; Waterloo, Ontario; Waterloo County, Ontario; World War I Ontario Glocke (Ontario Bell), 138, 925 Opel company, 199 Operation Desert Shield, 215

Operation Desert Storm, 215

Operation Leap Frog, 212 Operation Little Vittles, 473-474

Operation Panda, 212 Operation Paperclip, 163-164

Operation Pastorius, 412 Operation Vittles, 473 Oppenheimer, George, 519, 520

Das Ordens Echo (The Order Echo), 1066

Order of Harugari, 417 Order of Spiritual Virgins, 313

Oregon, immigration to, 1101-1102

Oregon East, Oregon West: Travels and Memoirs (Reisebilder und Skizzen aus Amerika; Kirchhoff), 613 Orelli, Konrad von, 283 Organization for European

Economic

Cooperation (OEEC), 363

Organizations. See German organizations Oriental Institute in Beirut Ornaments of the Masses

(Ornament der Masse;

Kracauer), 626 Orozco, Pascual, 858. See also Carranza, Venustiano; Mexico;

World War I Ortega y Gasset, Jose, 863 OSS. See Office of Strategic

Services Osterhaus, Peter J., 64, 65,

371, 859-860.

See also American Civil

War, German participants in; Forty- Eighters; Schurz, Carl Ostwald, Wilhelm, 1074 O’Sullivan, Timothy, 884 Oswald, Richard, 1091 The Other Germany (Das

Andere Deutschland), 173

The Other Germany (Dornberg), 422 Ottendorfer, Anna Behr

Uhl, 820, 821 Ottendorfer, Oswald,

820-821 Otterbein, Philip William,

426 Our Daily Bread (film), 798 Our Day (Unser Tag), 337 Overstolz, Henry, 127 Owen, Robert, 454, 483,

497 Owens, Jesse, 49, 847-848

Pabst, Frederick, 130, 132,

755, 756 Pabst, Georg Wilhelm, 447,

697 Pabst, Gustav, 756 Pabst Brewing Company,

132 Paepcke, Elizabeth, 862, 863 Paepcke, Hermann Ludwig

August, 861 Paepcke, Walter Paul,

861-863. See also

Bauhaus; Gropius, Walter

Page, James Madison, 1147 Paine, John Knowles, 800 Paine, Thomas, 1061 Pajeken, Friedrich J., 676 Palace of Justice, 837 Palmer, A. Mitchell, 1165 Palmer, Walter L., 943 PAN AM, 980, 981-982 Panama, 863—865

economy of, 864

German and U.S. interests in, clash between, 864

German college teachers in, 865

German missionaries in,

864

German schools in, 864

German teachers in, 864

German colony in, 864-865

settlement in, 863,

864- 865

trade in, 864

during World War I, 864 during World War II,

865

See also Frankfurt School;

Sapper family Pankey, Aubrey, 919 Papen, Franz von, 464, 840,

865- 866, 1169-1170.

See also Canada, Germans in (during World Wars I and II); World War I; World War I, German sabotage in Canada during Papenfuβ-Gorek, Gert, 688 Paprika (Stroheim), 1017 Paquet, Alfons, 685 Paracelsus, 535 Paraguay, 867-869

during the Cold War, 867 German colonies in, 867 immigration to, 29-30, 867

Mennonites in, 867

Nazi Party in, 868 during World War II, 867-868

See also Forster, Bernhard; Latin America, Nazis

in; Stroessner, Alfredo Paramount studio, 343 Parand (Brazilian ship), 170 Paris, Texas (film), 1133, 1134

Paris Treaties, 364-365 Park Theater, 107 Parker, Francis W., 609 Parker, Margaret E., 565 Parker, Theodore, 357, 1041, 1042

Parsons, Albert, 83, 490 Parufamet, 343 Passion (film), 342 Pastorius, Francis Daniel,

443, 869-871, 873, 889.

See also Germantown, Pennsylvania; Pietism Patch, Alexander, 1178 Patton, George S., 89, 448, 1174, 1176, 1178 Paucker, Arnold, 658 Paul, Bruno, 750-751 Paul Robeson Committee,

810

Paul Wilhelm, Duke of Wurttemberg, 558, 767, 871-872, 1046, 1140.

See also Travel literature, Germany-U.S. Pauli, Wolfgang, 149, 577 Pauling, Linus, 584 Paulinum Gymnasium, 184 Peabody, Elizabeth Palmer, 607, 609, 951, 952 Peace of Westphalia of 1648, 288

The Peddler's Legacy (Das Vermachtnis des Pedlars; Ruppius), 930 Der Pedlar (Ruppius), 834, 930

Pedro I, 177, 723, 1001 Pedro II, 1010 Peebles, J. M., 487 Peets, Elbert, 495 Pei, I. M., 125-126 Peierls, Rudolf, 397 Peip, Albert, 928 Peixotto, Benjamin, 151 Pelley, William Dudley, 410 Pemberton, John S., 250 PEN. See National

Associations of Poets, Essayists and Novelists PEN Center, 180-181 Penck, Albrecht, 1107 Penn, William, 443, 454, 851, 869, 870, 873, 887

Pennsylvania, 872-876 during the American Civil War, 875-876 economics in, 873-874 during the French and Indian War, 874

German churches in, 875 German craftspeople in, 874

German industrialists and businessmen in, 876

German language in, 873, 875

German writers in, 876 immigration to, 425, 426, 428-429, 872-873, 960, 961, 963

Pennsylvania Dutch in, 872

politics, German Americans and, 893-894

politics in, 874-875 printing and publishing in, 905-906

printing in German dialects in, 874

schools in, 875 slavery in, 875-876 during World War I, 876 during World War II,

876

See also Amish; Dutch; Ephrata; Germantown, Pennsylvania; Harmony Society; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; Pastorius, Francis Daniel; Pennsylvania German (Dutch) language; Pietism; Printing and publishing; Sauer, Christoph; Schwenkfelders

Pennsylvania Dutch and Other Essays (Gibbons), 876 Pennsylvania German (Dutch), 10, 287, 288, 850, 872

culture of, 98 Pennsylvania German (Dutch) language, 877-878

influences on, 877, 878 vs. standard German as literary language, 877-878

See also Amish; Kansas, German dialects in; Pennsylvania; Texas, German dialects in Pensylvanische Berichte (Pennsylvanian Reports), 937 The People, 977, 978 People, Races, Languages (Volker, Rassen, Sprachen; Luschan), 706 People's Institute of New York, 495 People’s Paper, 248 People's theater (Volkstheater), 244 Peoria Sonne, 879 Pep. H. L. Wetcheek’s American Songbook (Feuchtwanger), 664 Percy, Walker, 1048 Pereira, Luiz Alberto, 997 Peron, Juan Domingo, 96, 652

Perret, Jodokus, 165 Pershing, John “Black Jack,” 216, 288, 1160-1161 Personal Narrative of a Journey to the Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent (A. Humboldt), 531 Peru and Ecuador (Peru und Ecuador; Sievers), 971 Peruvian Antiquities (Antiguedades Peruanas; Tschudi and Rivero), 1057-1058 Pestalozzi, Johann Heinrich, 715, 881

Peter, Val J., 879-880.

See also National German-American Alliance; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in

Peter Schlemihl's Miraculous Story (Peter Schlemihl’s wundersame Geschichte; Chamisso), 226

Peter Tutt: Conditions in America (Peter Tutt: Zustande in Amerika; Baudissin), 122

Peterhans, Walter, 125

Petermann, August, 1058 Petermanns Mitteilungen (Petermann's Reports), 883

Petersberg Agreement, 363 Petersen, Wolfgang, 346, 512, 514-515

Peterson, Henry William, 924

Petri, Richard, 1029 PETROBRAS. See Petroleo Brasileiro Sociedade Anonima

Petroleo Brasileiro Sociedade Anonima (PETROBRAS), 403

Petry, Leopoldo, 406

Pfeiffer, Michelle, 515

Pfeil, Aloys Konrad, 165 Phantom der Nacht (film), 797

Philadelphia Orchestra, 800 Philadelphia Press, 1012 Philadelphia Public-Ledger, 663

Philadelphia Tageblatt (Daily), 976

Philadelphische Zeitung (Philadelphia Newspaper), 905

Philalethes. See Johann, King of Saxony

Philip II, 738

Philip of Hesse, 996 Philipp Nicolaus Schmidt company, 376

Philippi, Bernhard Eunom (Bernardo Philippi), 235, 880-882.

See also Chile; Philippi, Rudolf Amandus Philippi, Johann Wilhelm Eberhard, 881 Philippi, Marianne (nee Krumwiede), 881 Philippi, Rudolph Amandus, 881, 882-883. See also Chili; Philippi, Bernhard Eunom Philippi-Abhandlungen and Berichte aus dem Naturkundemuseum Ottoneum zu Kassel (Philippia- Transactions and Reports from the Ottoneum Natural History Museum at Kassel), 883 Philippus Evangelical and Reformed Lutheran Church, 242 Philippus Protestant Church, 247 Phillipp, Arno, 441 Photography, 883-886

as art, 884-885

color, 885 first commercial stereographic company and, 883

modernism and, 885

Photo-Secessionists and, 885

photochemistry and, 885 photojournalism and, 884, 885-886

pictorial, 885 portrait industry and, 883-884

during post-World War I era, 885

Talbot's process of, 883-884

talbotype and, 883 travel, 884 during World War II, 886 See also Feininger,

Andreas Photoplay, 279 The Photoplay

(Munsterberg), 796 Physical Description of the

Argentinean Republic

(Physikalische Beschreibung der Argentinischen Republik; Burmeister), 197

Physical Geography of the State of Brazil (Geografia fisica do estado do Parand; Maack), 714

Pia Desideria, 887

Picasso, Pablo, 124 Pickering, John, 307, 473

Pickering, Timothy, 37

Pickford, Mary, 343, 513,

703

Picture Post, 886 Piel, Harry, 343, 349 Pieper, Maria, 902

Pierz, Francis X., 764-766

Pierz, Jernej, 765

Pietism, 887-890 beliefs of, 887 the Bible and, 888 concerns of, 890 emergence of, 887 founding father of, 887 as international

movement, 889 leaders of, 887, 888, 889 radical vs. churchly type

of, 889 revival of, 889

See also Amana Colonies;

Amish; Ephrata; Harmony Society; Kelpius, Johann;

Muhlenberg, Henry M.; Pastorius, Francis Daniel; Pennsylvania; Schwenckfelders

Pike, Burton, 281

Pike, Zebulon, 1089

Pilar, Richard von, 165

Pilat, Ignaz Anton, 223, 635, 845

Pilcher, F. Hoyt, 322 Pineapples, 112, 114-115 The Pink Triangle (Plant), 890, 891

Pinkerton Agency, 83 Pinski, David, 519

Pinthus, Kurt, 108

The Pioneers (Die Pioniere;

Cooper), 555

Piscator, Edwin, 491 Piscator, Erwin, 261, 1200 Piso, Willem, 721 Pitts, Helen, 105 Pittsburgh Platform, 16, 301, 594

Pitzman, Julius, 635 Pius X, 457 Pius XI, 421, 785 Pius XII, 786 Planck, Gottlieb Jakob, 459 Plant, Richard, 890-891.

See also Aufbau; Intellectual exile; Kracauer, Siegfried; Mosse, George L. Plantin, Christophe, 997 Platt, Boss Thomas, 128-129 Playground Association of America, 610-611 Plenzdorf, Ulrich, 687 Pleven, Rene, 364 Pleven Plan, 364 Ploehn, Klara, 726 Ploehn, Richard, 726 Pluto Brazil: a Series of Essays on Brazil's Gold, Diamonds, and Other Mineral Wealth (Pluto Brasiliensis: Eine Reihe von Abhandlungen uber Brasiliens Gold, Diamanten und anderen mineralischen Reichtum; Eschwege), 318 Poe, Edgar Allan, 107, 698 Poems of the Orient (Taylor), 1021

Poems on Slavery (Longfellow), 696 Poeppig, Eduard Friedrich, 892-893. See also Brazil; Chile; Humboldt, Alexander von

Poetry and Truth (Dichtung und Wahrheit; Goethe), 326 Pohl, Emil, 677 Pohl, Johann Emanuel, 723, 809

Pohl, Robert, 460 Poincare, Raymond, 271 Poitier, Sidney, 902

Pol, Heinz, 108

Polenz, Wilhelm von, 1047 Polgar, Alfred, 108

Political Collapse of Europe (Holborn), 511

Political Ethics (Lieber), 668 Political Science and

Comparative Constitutional Law (Burgess), 195 Political Science Quarterly, 195

Politics, German Americans and, 893-897 during the American Civil War, 895 nativism and, 895 NGAA and, 896, 897 Pennsylvania and, 893-894

during post-Civil War era, 895-896

during the postrevolutionary era, 894

during post-War of 1812 era, 894-895 prohibition and, 896 during World War I, 896-897

during World War II, 897

See also Altgeld, John P.; Hexamer, Charles J.; Koerner, Gustave; Milwaukee Socialists; National German- American Alliance; Pennsylvania; Printing and publishing; Schurz, Carl; Socialist Labor Party; Treaty of Versailles; World War I, German Americans and Politics among Nations (Hans Morgenthau), 771 The Politics of Ancient Greece (Heeren), 116

Politics of the Future (List), 674

Politische Geographie

(Ratzel), 914

Pollesch, Rene, 688

Pollock, Friedrich, 47, 378, 379

Pommer, Erich, 349, 511,

637

Poor Henry (Der Arme

Heinrich; Aue), 696 Popular culture, assimilation and, 100-101 Popular Union for a

Catholic Germany (Volksverein fur das Katholische

Deutschland), 420, 458

Popular Union for America (Volksverein fur America), 458

Pordage, John, 603 Porsche, Ferdinand, 76,

1103

Porter, Cole, 516

Porter, Edwin S., 341, 512 Porter, Kathrin Anne, 1048 Portillo, Jose Lopez, 736 Postl, Carl. See Sealsfield,

Charles

Potatoes, 898—899 average consumption per person of, 899 cultivation of, 898 national market for, 898 preparation techniques for, 899

shortfalls in harvest of, 898-899 species of, 898 Potentillen-Studien (Wolf), 1152

Potter, Merle, 413

Powell, Adam Clayton, Sr.,

155

Power (Feuchtwanger), 524 Practical Landscape

Gardening with

Reference to the Improvement of Rural Residences (Kern), 635 Praeger, Oscar, 635 Prager, Robert Paul,

900-901.

See also Espionage and

Sedition Act; Illinois;

World War I, German Americans and Prague spring, 214 Pratt, Marie Louise, 623 Pre-Theological Institute,

283

Preetorius, Emil, 93 Prehistoric Men in Tierra del Fuego (Urmenschen im Feuerland; Gusinde), 470

Preiffer, Gottlob, 775 Preminger, Otto Ludwig, 512, 514, 703,

901- 902, 1144.

See also Hammerstein, Oscar; Lubitsch, Ernst; Reinhardt, Max; Wilder, Billy Preparatory Conference for Disarmament, 145 Presley, Elvis, in Germany,

902- 904.

See also Bases, U.S., in West Germany; GIs, in West Germany Press. See Newspaper press Pressprich, Otto, 925 Preus, J. A. O., 710-711, 1112

Preuss, Edward F., 904-905.

See also Cahensly, Simon Peter Paul; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in Preussag AG, 482 Previn, Andre, 514 Priesand, Sally, 595 Prince of Peace Church, 242 Prince of Wales (British battle cruiser), 1171 Pringsheim, Katia, 718 Printing and publishing, 905-909

during the American Civil War, 906-907 in colonial America, 905-906

copyright law and, 907 decline of, in U.S., 908 in Latin America, 908 number of German periodicals in U.S. and, 907-908, 909

in Pennsylvania, 905-906 political engagement in, 907

political exiles from National Socialist Germany in, 908 political refugees in, 907 during post-World War II era, 908-909

during War of Independence, 906 women's pages, magazines and, 907

during World War I, 908 during World War II, 908

See also Argentina; Aufbau; Brazil; Brecht, Bertolt; Chicago; Chile; Cincinnati; Ephrata; German almanacs, in Rio Grande do Sul; Germantown, Pennsylvania; Illinois Staatszeitung; Intellectual exile; Kisch, Egon Erwin; Mexico; Milwaukee; New Orleans; New York City; New Yorker Staats-Zeitung; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; Pennsylvania; Pietism; Ontario, German- language press in; Sauer, Christoph; Seghers, Anna

Printz, Johan Bjornsson, 443 Prinz, Joachim, 594 Prinzess Louise (ship), 881 Prisoners. See German

prisoners Pritzlaff, John, 752 Probasco, Henry, 1010 Problems of Agricultural

Geography (Probleme der

Landwirtschaftsgeograp hie; Waibel), 1108 Proclamation of 1917, 1168 The Prodigal Son (Der

Verlorene Sohn; film), 350

Professor Unrath (Mann), 1003

Program to Prevent Germany from Starting a World War II. See

Morgenthau Plan “Program to Prevent World

War III,” 1081, 1082 Progressive Era, 38, 193 ProHelvetia, 281 Prohibition, 189, 499 assimilation and, 101 beer and, 132 in Chicago, 231 in Cincinnati, 247 ISZ and, 540—541 near beer during, 246 NGAA and, 806 politics and, 896 Proper Distinction between Law and Gospel (Walther), 1112 Proskauer, Eric, 584 Protestant Unitas Fratrum (Brudergemeine), 774 Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion, 199 Providence Journal, 782 Prussia, 436-437, 741 Prussian Academy of

Sciences, 302, 303

Prussian Education Department, 79 Prussian Naval Trade Company (Preuβische Seehandlungsgesellsch aft), 742

Prussian Social Welfare Ministry, 184

Prussian Union, 709 Prusso-American Treaty. See Treaty of 1785

Prutz, Robert, 464 Psychology and Industrial Efficiency (Munsterberg), 795 PTA. See National Congress of Parents and Teachers

Ptolemy, Caldius, 1108 Public Ledger, 469 Puccini, 190 Puchta, George, 241 Puckler-Muskau, Hermann Ludwig Heinrich, Furst von, 224-225, 1009, 1011

Puerto de Nuestra Senora Santa Maria del Buen Aire, 93

Pulitzer, Joseph, 93, 666, 824

Pullman strike, 52, 232 Purcell, Edward, 150 Purry, Jean-Etienne, 698 Purtscheller, Ludwig, 746 Putnam, Alice Harvey

Whiting, 608, 609

Putnam, Frederic W., 277

Putnams Monthly Magazine, 844

Pyle, Howard, 619 Pynchon, Thomas, 1050 Pynson, Elmer Adler, 520

Quadragesimo Anno (Pius XI), 421

Quadripartite Agreement, 1072, 1138

“Die Quadrone” (Strubberg), 975

Quakers, 5. See also Religion Quamquam plura (Leo XII), 659

The Quarterly Journal of Inter-American Relations, 714 Quesada, Goncalo Jimenez de, 255

The Questionnaire (Fragebogen; Salomon), 159

Quigley, James, 220 Quistorp, Maria von, 164

Raabe, Wilhelm, 685

Rabel, Ernst, 923

Rabenalt, Arthur Maria, 1017

Rabi, Isidor, 585

Racism, African American and, 48-49, 49-50, 50-51

Raddi, Joseph, 809

Radek (Heym), 507

Radio Berlin International (RBI), 810

Radio Free Europe (RFE), 911-912

Berlin Wall, fall of, and, 911

CIA and, 911 creation of, 911 native language broadcasting, 912 post-World War II era and, 911 pro-Western agenda of, 911-912

RFE/RL program and, 911

Russia and, 911

See also Berlin Wall; Radio Inside the

American Sector Radio Inside the American Sector (RIAS), 912-913, 1071 creation of, 912 journalistic objectivity of, 913 pro-Western agenda of, 913

RIAS-TV and, 913

See also American Occupation Zone; Radio Free Europe; West Berlin

Radio Liberty (RL), 911 Radio Moscow, 911 Radvanyi, Laszlo, 966 Raiders of the Lost Ark (film), 339

Railroad companies, 377 Railroad strike of 1894, 52-53

Raiser, Christoph, 760-761 Rand, Paul, 126

Ranke, Karl, 747

Ranke, Leopold von, 117, 510, 904

Raphall, Morris, 18

Rapp, Frederick, 483

Rapp, Georg, 154, 244, 454, 889

Rapp, Johann Georg, 482-484

Rapp, Wilhelm, 541 Raster, Hermann, 541, 542

Rattermann, Heinrich Arminius, 243, 244, 676

Ratzel, Friedrich, 913-914, 1025, 1047.

See also Schurz, Carl; Travel literature, German-U.S.

Rau, Jes, 822

Rauschenberger, William G.,

752-753

Ray, Man, 862

Ray, Nicholas, 1132 RBI. See Radio Berlin

International RCAF. See Royal Canadian

Air Force

RCMP. See Royal Canadian Mounted Police

Reagan, Ronald, 267, 438, 450

Bitburg war cemetery and, 89, 146-148

West Berlin and, 1138 The Real Blue (Das wirkliche Blau; Seghers), 967 Reason and Revolution (Marcuse), 720

Rebel without a Cause (film), 1132

Rebmann, Andreas Georg, 682

Reclus, Elisee, 387 Reconstruction, of West

Germany, 915-917 economic capacity and, 915

European Recovery Program and, 917

German technology and, 915

Truman administration and, 917

U.S. occupation policy in economic sector and, 915-917

See also Braun, Wernher von; Cooperative for American Remittance to Europe/Council of Relief Agencies Licensed for Operation in Germany; West Germany, U.S. foreign policy and

Red Bear, 191

Red Carl (Messmer), 835 Red Guard (Rote Garde), 613-614

Redlich, Josef, 917-918 Redlich, Otto, 584

Reed, Dean, 810, 918-920, 1068. See also Friedman, Perry; Indian films, of DEFA

The Reform (Die Reform),

248

Refugees. See German Jewish refugees; German refugees

Regina, the German Captive;

or, True Piety among the Lowly (Weiser), 545 The Regions of Northern

Honduras (Die Landschaften von Nord-Honduras;

Helbig), 496 The Regulators in Arkansas

(Die Regulatoren in Arkansas; Gerstacker), 558

Rehm, Jakob, 738 Reich, Wilhelm, 562 Das Reich (The Empire),

158 Reichmann, Hans, 657 Reincke, Abraham Amadeus, 775

Reinegg, Anton Sepp von, 739-740

Reiner, Fritz, 245 Reinhardt, Casar, 406 Reinhardt, Max, 179, 277,

278, 447, 573, 702,

797,901, 920-921, 1091, 1199. See also Brecht, Bertolt; Dieterle, William;

Jannings, Emil;

Korngold, Erich Wolfgang; Murnau, Friedrich Wilhelm;

Preminger, Otto Reinl, Harald, 546-547 Reinshagen, Gerlind, 687 Reis, Alfred, 584 Reise nach Hawaii (Journey to

Hawaii; Kirchhoff), 613

Reisinger, Hugo, 1076 Reiss, Johann Wilhelm,

921-923. See also

Humboldt, Alexander von; Stubel, Alphons M.

Reiss, Weinhold, 246 Reiss, Wilhelm, 1018-1019,

1020, 1151

Reiss, Winold, 556 Reitz, Edgar, 352 Reitzel, Robert, 82, 83, 678 Reitzenstein, Ludwig von, 676

Religion

in Brazil, 176-178 See also individual religions; under individual countries and U.S. cities and states

The Remarkable and Interesting Life Story of Maria Walwille, Who Was Married to an Iroquois Indian for Four Years (Merkwurdige und interessante Lebensgeschichte der Frau von Walwille, Welche vier Jahre lang an einen Irokesen verheyrathet war; Walwille), 545

Remarks about the Fauna of Brazil (Erlduterungen zur Fauna Brasiliens; Burmeister), 196

Remarks on Brazil: With Careful Advice for Germans Who Are Considering Emigration (Bemerkungen uber Brasilien. Mit gewissenhafter Belehrung fur auswandernde Deutsche; Langsdorff), 638

Remarque, Erich Maria, 518 Remsen, Ira, 588

Renau, William, 150 Rene II, Duke of Lorraine, 1108

The Renewal of Life (Mumford), 794 Renger-Patzsch, Albert, 885 Renior, Jean, 637 Renn, Ludwig, 966 Renoir, Jean, 1017 Reparations, war, 269-272, 461, 1056, 1079

Report on a Journey to the Western States of America and a Stay of Several Years along the Missouri during the Years 1824, ‘25, ‘26, and ‘27 (Bericht uber eine Reise nach den westlichen Staaten Nordamerikas und einen mehrjahrigen Augenthalt am Missouri in den Jahren 1824, ‘25, ‘26, and ‘27; Duden), 283, 284-285, 315, 708, 787

“Repressive Tolerance” (Marcuse), 720

Republican Party, 370, 371 Die Republik der Arbeiter (The Republic of Workers), 1127 Republikaner (Republican), 243

Rerum Novarum (Leo XIII), 457

Reschreiter, Rudolf, 746 Rese, Frederic, 658-659, 704

Resor, William, 1010 Respa, Karl, 1169-1170 Responsible Bureaucracy: A Study of the Swiss Civil Service (Friedrich and Cole), 390

Restoule, Richard, 550 Rethmann, P. Lambert, 201 Reuchlin, Johannes, 534 Reuter, Ernst, 1136, 1137 Reverse Angel (film), 1133 The Revolt of the Fisherman from St. Barbara (Aufstand der Fischer von St. Barbara; Seghers), 966

Revolution of 1923, 127 The Revolution of Hope (Fromm), 396

Revolutionary Catechist (Nechaev), 386

Revolutionary War Science (Revolutionary Kriegswissenschaft; Most), 779

RFE. See Radio Free Europe

(RFE)

RFE/RL program, 911 Rheinstein, Max, 923—924.

See also American

Occupation Zone;

Intellectual exile Rhenish-West Indies Trade

Company (Rheinisch- Westindische Compagnie), 742 Rhenius, Wilhelm, 409 RIAS. See Radio Inside the

American Sector RIAS-TV, 913 Ribbentrop, Joachim von,

279, 645, 646, 840 Rice, A. Hamilton, 617 Rice, Condoleeza, 770 Richards, George W., 427 Richter, Hans Werner, 686 Richter, Jean Paul, 402, 695 Richthofen, Ferdinand von,

971, 999 Ridder, Bernard, 392,

821-822

Ridder, Hermann, 821 Ridder, Joseph, 821-822 Ridder, Victor, 392,

821-822

Riedel, Augusto, 884 Riedel, Ludwig, 638 Rieder, Hans Rudolf, 559 Riedesel, Friederike

Charlotte von, 679 Riefenstahl, Leni, 316-317 Riehl, Wilhelm Heinrich,

794 Riesenfeld, Stefan A., 690 Riesser, Gabriel, 1148 Riis, Jacob, 886 The Ring Master (Gurr), 675 Ringwald, Adolf, 409 Rinke, Moritz, 688 Rio Grande do Sul,

Germanism in, 440-442

Ripalda, Juan Martinez de,

740

Ripley, George, 357, 1041, 1042

The Rise of the Dutch Republic (Motley), 780-781

Riss, Bruno, 766 Ritschl, Albert, 283

Rittenhouse, David, 452

Rittenhouse, William, 446 Ritter, Heinrich, 459

Ritter, Karl, 650

Rittinger, Friedrich, 137, 925

Rittinger, John Adam, 680, 924-925.

See also Berlin/Kitchener, Ontario; Berliner Journal; German Canadian literature; Pennsylvania German (Dutch) language; Ontario

Ritz, Daniel, 925

Ritz, Jakob, 925

Ritzer, George, 728 The River Pirates of the

Mississippi (Die Flusspiraten des Mississippi; Gerstacker), 558

Rivera, Jorge boonen, 641 Rivero, Mariano de,

1057-1058

RL. See Radio Liberty Robards, Jason, Jr., 501 The Robbers (Die Rauber; film), 357

Robbins, Warren Delano, 477

Robenson, Paul, 304

Roberts, Elizabeth Madox, 519

Robinson, Edward, 1045

Robinson, John W., 1114

Robinson, Therese (pseud.

Talvj), 677, 834, 835

Rock, Johann Friedrich, 54-55

Rock ,n, roll, 227, 229 Rockefeller, John D., 876 Rockefeller Foundation, 149, 323, 433, 563, 1076, 1077

Rocker, Rudolf, 83

Rocket Experiment Station at Kummersdorf, 163

Rocket Field Reinickendorf, 163

Rockford Female Seminary, 38

Rockwell, Kiffin, 1159 Rodacher, Ruben M., 150 Rodriguez, Andres, 1015 Roebling, Emily Warren, 927 Roebling, John Augustus,

245,925-928

Roebling, Washington

Augustus, 925-928 Roemer, Ferdinand, 813 Roesch, Charles, 955 Roesler, Gustav Adolph, 375 Rogers, Richard, 476 Roggla, Kathrin, 688, 689 Rohe, Ludwig Mies van der,

590

Rohr, Rainer, 399

Rohrer, Max, 686

Roman Catholicism, 59—60 Rommel, Erwin, 317, 1173 Ronge, Bertha, 607

Ronge, Johann, 607, 952 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 66, 218-219, 304, 421, 571, 969 antisemitism and, 86, 87,

88

Einstein and, 1142 German-Jewish refugees and, 20

Hanfstaengle and, 477, 479-480

internment of Germans from Latin America and, 1181

Lindbergh and, 671-672 Morgenthau Plan and, 773-774

New Deal and, 563, 759 Nuremberg trials and,

839

and postwar Germany, plans for, 1078, 1079,

1080- 1081,

1081- 1082

Tehran Conference and,

1022-1023

Vansittartism and, 1087 Venezuelan crisis and,

1093, 1094

World War II and, 1171, 1172

Roosevelt, Theodore,

329-330, 331, 750,

796

Morocco and, 354-355 Nast and, 805 NGAA and, 807

Sternburg and, 1004-1005 Roosevelt administration, 262, 463, 772, 773 Root, Elihu, 195 Rosales, Vincente Perez, 235, 881

Rosalino, Heirich Franz, 375 Rosas, Caudillo Juan Manuel de, 94

Rose, Hans, 1155 Rose, Johann Wilhelm, 682 The Rose of Ernstthal (May), 724

Rosegger, Peter, 409, 685 Rosenberg, Alfred, 644, 840 Rosenberg, Wilhelm

Ludwig, 678 Rosenbourgh, Isaac, 150 Rosenfeld, Anatol, 174 Rosenthal, Franz, 594 Rosenthal, Julius, 231 Rosenwald, Julius, 15 Rosenzweig, Franz, 1013 Ross, Norman, 1124 Rote Kapelle (Red

Orchestra), 485 Rotermund, Wilhelm, 406,

441, 928-929.

See also Brazil; Forty- Eighters; German almanacs, in Rio Grande do Sul; Germanism, in Rio Grande do Sul; Mucker; Printing and publishing Rotermund and Co., 406 Roth, Gerhard, 689 Rothenbucher, Karl, 770 Rothfels, Hans, 233 Rothschild family, 375-376 Rowland, Henry A., 588 Rowlandson, Mary, 543, 544

Rowohlt, Ernst, 663 Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), 212

Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), 208-209

The Royla Game (Zweig), 525, 526 Rubzov, Nestor G., 638 Rudolph, Max, 245

Rudolph, Paul, 126 Ruehlmann, Eugene, 241-242

Ruette and Bonn company, 376

Rugendas, Johann Moritz, 638

Ruhmkorf, Peter, 688 The Ruins of Tiahuanaco in the Highlands of Old Peru (Die Ruinenstatte von Tiahuanaco im Hochlande des alten Peru; Stubel and Uhle), 1020 Ruppius, Otto, 676-677, 684, 834, 929-930, 974, 1046.

See also Forty-Eighters; Literature, German American, in the nineteenth century; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; Novel, German American Rurik (Russian brig), 225-226 Rush, Benjamin, 874-875 Rush, Kenneth, 1138 Russel, John, 1046 Russell, Charles Taze, 57 Russell, Jane, 1004 Russia

Radio Free Europe and, 911

Volga Germans in, 1101 Russo-Japanese War, 329 Ruth, George Herman “Babe,” 931-932 Ryder, Charles, 1174

S-Project, 480 Sabbatarians, 312 Sabotage, in Canada, during

World War I, 1169-1170 Sacco, Nicola, 83 Sacco and Vanzetti case, 83 Sachs, Julius, 691 Sachsen-Coburg-und-Gotha, Ludwig August Maria Eudo von, 884 Sachsen-Weimar, Duke

Bernhard von, 1046 Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach, Carl August von, 454 Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach, (Carl) Bernhard von, 454

Sahl, Hans, 1049 Sailer, Hieronymus, 254 Saint-Simon, Henri de, 1126

St. Elizabeth of Thuringia, 220, 221

St. John's Church (St.

Johannes Kirche), 242 St. Louis, 229-230 St. Mary, Our Lady of Good

Counsel, 222 St. Mary's Church (St.

Marien Kirche), 242 St. Raphael's Association for the Protection of German Catholic Emigrants (St. Raphaelsverein zum Schutze katholischer deutscher Auswanderer), 201, 202, 993-994.

See also Cahensly, Peter Paul; New York City St. Raphaels-Blatt, 994 St. Vincent de Paul Society, 201 St. Vincent Monastery and College, 994-996 during the American Civil War, 995 during the World War I, 996

during the World War II, 996

See also Pennsylvania The Salaried Masses: Duty and Distraction in Wiemar Germany (Die Angestellten. Aus dem neuesten Deutschland; Kracauer), 626-627 Salem Evangelical Reformed Church (Deutsch Evangelische Reformierte Salem's Kirche), 242 Salgado, Plinio, 561 Salm-Salm, Princess Sophia

of, 813, 984 Salmugundi, 381 Salomon, Alice, 194 Salomon, Edward S., 64, 230, 231, 298-299, 933-934.

See also Chicago; 82nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment; Hecker, Friedrich Salomon, Erich, 886 Salomon, Ernst von, 159 Salomon Loeb company, 377

Salsbury, Nate, 190 Salvation Army (Heilsarmee), 60

The Salvation Hunters (film), 1003

Salzburg, Leopold, Count Firmian, 404

Samples of American Languages (Proben Amerikanischer Sprachen; Vater), 1089 Samuelson, Alexander, 250 San Antonio Zeitung (San Antonio Newspaper), 974

Sand, Carl, 357 Sand, Karl Ludwig, 667 Sangerfest (Singer's Festival), 128, 336

Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de, 1026, 1027

Santa Maria (Hammerstein), 476

Santa Marta, 254 Santayana, George, 1048 Santo Domingo, 254 Sao Paulo, immigration to, 28-29

Saphir, Moritz, 684 Sapper, August, 934 Sapper, Karl Theodor, 276, 277, 864, 934-935, 1024, 1025

Sapper, Richard, 934-935 Sapper, Theodor Helmuth, 934

Sapper family, 934-935.

See also Dieseldorff, Erwin Paul; Panama; Termer, Franz; World War I, German prisoners and civilian internees in

Sardou, Victorien, 703 Sarg, Franz, 142 Sarmiento, Domingo

Faustino, 94 Sarney Jose, 403 Sarrasani Circus, 546, 559 Sartorius, Karl C., 936. See also Follen, Charles (Karl); Humboldt, Alexander von;

Mexico

Sartre, Jean-Paul, 719 Saturday Evening Post, 619, 1021, 1035, 1098 Sauckel, Fritz, 840 Sauer, Christoph, 446, 823, 874, 905-906,

936- 938, 962.

See also Ephrata; Germantown, Pennsylvania; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; Pennsylvania; Pietism; Printing and publishing Sauer, Christoph, II, 823,

937- 938

Sauer, Christoph, III, 938 Sauer, Franz, 407 Sauer, Johann Christoph, 889

Sauer, Peter, 938 Sauer, Samuel, 938 The Savage (Der Wilde;

Seume), 968 Saving Private Ryan (film), 339

Sawatzky, Valentin, 680 Sayles, John, 515 SCADTA. See Colombian-

German Air Transport Company

Scammon, Richard M., 999 The Scarlet Empress (film), 1003

Scatcherd, Alice Lyle, 565 Schabowski, Gunter, 137 Schacht, Hjalmar, 86, 648, 840

Schade, Louis, 1147 Schaeffer, Anton Aloys von,

166

Schafer, Rudi, 407 Schafer, Samuel, 150

Schaff, Philip, 938—939, 1111. See also German Reformed Church

Schaff, Phillip, 427 Schaffhausener Bankverein,

743

Schanz, Frida, 409 Schauff, Johannes, 174, 175 Schauwecker, Franz, 559-560

Schawinsky, Alexander (Xanti), 125

Scheel, Fritz, 800 Scheer, Maximilian, 687 Scheibler, Carl Friedrich,

682

Scheliha, Maria Doris von,

677

Schell, Maximilian, 280 Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm

Joseph, 1043 Schelp, W., 407 Schenck, Friedrich, 265, 266 Scherzer, Karl Ritter von,

109

Schiff, Frieda, 1112 Schiff, Jacob Henry, 15, 18, 79, 377-378, 939-941, 1076, 1112.

See also Frankfurt am Main, citizens of, in U.S.; Migration, German-Jewish; New York City; Warburg, Felix Moritz

Schiff, Moses, 938-939 Schiller, Friedrich, 230, 356-357, 401, 402, 677, 678, 682, 695, 780, 861, 907, 968, 1022

Schilling, Charlotte, 934 Schimmelpfennig,

Alexander, 299, 371, 941-942.

See also 82nd Illinois volunteer Infantry Regiment; Forty- Eighters; Schurz, Carl; Sigel, Franz Schindler, Gabriele, 944 Schindler, Rudolf, 942-944.

See also Intellectual exile; Jewish refugee scientists

Schindler’s List (film), 339 Schippers, Thomas, 245 Schirach, Baldur von, 199, 644, 840

Schirach, Gottlob Benedikt von, 683

Schirmacher, Kathe, 193 Schirmer, Adolf, 678 Schlaeger, Eduard, 231, 541 Schlatter, Michael, 425-426 Schlegel, Dorothea, 683 Schleicher, Gustav, 265, 266 Schleicher, Kurt von, 185, 464, 866

Schleiermacher, Friedrich Daniel Ernst, 116, 283, 357, 667, 1043, 1145

Schlenstein, Bruno, 501 Schleswig-Holstein wars, 122

Schlitz, Joseph, 130, 755 Schlondorf, Volker, 347, 447 Schlozer, August Ludwig von, 679

Schlozer, Dorothea, 460 Schluter, Hermann,

944-945. See also Anti-Socialist Law; Socialist Labor Party Schmeling, Max, 49, 508-509

Schmidel (Schmidl, Schmidt), Ulrich, 93, 256, 945-947, 1044.

See also Argentina; Brazil; Conquista; Staden, Hans; Travel literature, German-U.S.

Schmidt, Arno, 686

Schmidt, Ernst, 230 Schmidt, Rev. Herman, 990 Schmidt, Johan-Lorenz, 966 Schmidt, Joseph Hermann, 1192

Schmidt, Rosa, 248 Schmieder, Oskar, 1144, 1145

Schmitt, Hans, 1180 Schmitz, Desiderius, 174 Schmoller, Gustav, 70, 746 Schnauffer, Heinrich, 678

Schneider, George, 231, 539, 540

Schneider, John, 132 Schneider, Joseph, 1115 Schneidewin, Friedrich Wilhelm, 459

Schnuch, Hubert, 393 Schnurbusch, Wilhelm, 979 Schoberlein, L. F., 928 Schoellkopf, Jacob, 187, 189 Schoenberg, Arnold, 562 Schoenberger, George, 1010 Schoenecker, Vincerz, 753 Schoenfeld, Eduard, 715,

716

Schoenheimer, Rudolf, 580, 581

Scholarly Workshop of the LBI in the Federal Republic of Germany (Wissenschaftliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft des leo Baeck Instituts in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland), 658 Schomburgk, Richard, 948 Schomburgk, Robert Hermann, 947-948. See also Haenke, Thaddaus

Schonau, H. See Bosse, August von

Schonberg, Arnold, 21, 47, 948-950.

See also Adorno, Theodor W.; Intellectual exile; Mann, Thomas

Schonberg, August, 375 Schonburg-Waldenburg, Prinz zu, 774

Schonherr, Johann Heinrich, 783

Schonthan, Fritz von, 677 School and Fireside (Maeser),

717

Schools. See under individual countries and states in U.S.

Schopenhauer, Arthur, 379, 380, 518

Schott, Paul. See Korngold, Julius Leopold

Schrader, Henrietta Breyman, 610

Schrenk-Notzing, Caspar

von, 159 Schroeder, Andreas, 681 Schubart, Christian

Friedrich Daniel, 683 Schubart, Friedrich D., 968 Schuetzenclub, 247 Schufftan, Eugen, 514 Schule, Johann Heinrich, 843

Schultz, Christopher, 961, 962, 963-964

Schultz, Friedrich, 831 Schultze, Moritz, 386 Schultze-Jena, Leonhard

Sigmund, 950-951.

See also Meyer, Hans Schulz, Sigrid, 1087 Schumacher, Fritz, 794 Schumacher, Kurt, 161 Schuman-Heink, Ernestine, 801

Schurman, Jakob G., 1076 Schurz, Agathe, 951, 953 Schurz, Agathe Margarethe, 951-953. See also Kindergartners; Schurz, Carl

Schurz, Carl, 7, 64, 86, 93, 158, 299, 369, 370, 371, 541, 600, 607, 618, 665, 666, 818, 895, 914, 942, 952, 953, 953-954, 1047, 1064, 1073.

See also American Civil War, German participants in; 82nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment; Forty-Eighters; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in; Politics, German Americans and; Schurz, Agathe Margarethe; Sigel, Franz

Schuster, Anton, 969 Schuster, Elizabeth Nauman, 969

Schutz, Anton (Joseph Friedrich), 954-955. See also New York City

Schutz, Johann Jakob, 887

Schutz, Klaus, 1138

Schwab, Frank X., 189, 393, 955-957. See also Buffalo; German American Bund

Schwab, Justus H., 779,

957- 958

Schwab, Michael, 52, 150, 490

Der Schwabische Humorist (The Swabian Humorist), 464

Schwagerl, Edward Otto, 635

Schwammberger, Josef, 96 Schwarze Front (Black

Front), 174 Schwarzenberg (Heym), 507 Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 512, 514, 958-960. See also Hollywood Schwarzenegger, Aurelia,

958

Schwarzenegger, Gustav,

958- 959

Schweinitz, Lewis David von, 1045

Schweitzer, Albert, 863 Schwenckfeld, Caspar, 960-961, 962-963

Schwenkelders, 960-964 beliefs of, 960 Christian compassion and, 963

community outreach and, 963

Confessors of the Glory of Christ and, 961 congregations of, 960 and Corpus Schwenkfeldianorum, 960

farming and, 961

first structure for worship of, 962

literature of, 962-963 public affairs and, 963-964

records of heritage of, 963

religious education of, 962

schools of, 962 spiritual leaders of,

961-962 during World War II, 960

See also Cooperative for American Remittance to Europe; Council of Relief Agencies Licensed for Operation in Germany; Pietism; Pennsylvania; Sauer, Christoph Schwenkfelder Library and Heritage Center, 963 Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures (Eddy), 57 Science of Judaism (Wissenschaft des Judentums), 656-657 Scientists, Jewish refugee.

See Jewish refugee scientists

Scorsese, Martin, 515 Scott, Randolph, 279 “Scottsboro Boys,” 51 Scribner’s, 973 Scribner’s Monthly, 1012 SDA. See Seventh-Day

Adventists

The Sea Gull (or The Woman of the Sea; film), 1003 Sealsfield, Charles (Carl Postl), 40, 265,

557- 558, 676, 833, 964-965, 974, 1046-1047.

See also Adams, John Quincy; Indians, in German literature; May, Karl Friedrich; Novel, German- American; Travel literature, German- U.S.; Traven, B. The Searchers (film), 1133 Sebring, Harold, 840 Second Bank of the United States, 107 SED. See Socialist Unity Party of Germany Sedgewick, Catherine Marie,

558- 559 Sedgwick, John, 477

Sedition Act of 1918, 900 Sedlmayr, Gabriel, 246 Seeger, Pete, 389, 920 Seel, Else Lubcke, 680 Seele, Herman, 814 Seelstrang, Arthur, 159 Seghers, Anna, 735, 908, 965—967. See also Intellectual exile; Mexico

Seidel, Emil, 756, 757, 758 Seidler, Harry, 126 Seifert, Karoline, 768

Seitz, Frederick, 1142 Selbach, Livraria, 407 Selective Service Act, 411, 1162

Seler, Eduard Georg, 277, 1024

Self Portrait in Tuxedo (Beckmann), 130 Self-Recrimination because of his American Travel Report to Caution Everyone against Frivolous Emigration (“Selbst-anklage Wegen seines amerikanischen Reiseberichts zur Warnung vor fernerm leichtsinigen Auswandern; Duden), 284

Seligman, Joseph, 15, 150 Seligman family, 376, 377 Seligmann and Stettheimer company, 376

Sellow, Friedrich, 1139 Selznick, David O., 279, 637

Semmes, Raphael, 436 Semper, Gottfried, 249 Semple, Ellen Churchill, 914

Seneca Falls Conference of 1853, 84

Seneca Indian Reservation, 55

Senn, Fritz. See Friesen, Gerhard Johann

Sepp, Anton von under zu Rechegg, 165

Seppenburg, Anton Klemens

Sepp von, 93 Series of Scholarly Accounts of the LBI (Schriftenreihe wissenschaftlicher Abhandlungen des Leo Baeck Instituts), 658 Settlement in the South

American Tropical Forest (Siedlung im sudamerikanischen Urwald; Wilhelmy), 1145

Settlements. See under individual countries and states in U.S.

The Settler in Missouri:

Dedicated to the

German Immigrants (An den Ansiedler im Missouri-Staat: Den deutschen Auswanderen gewidmet; Baudissin), 120, 121

Seume, Johann Gottfried, 503, 682, 967-968, 1044.

See also Hessians; Nova Scotia; Travel literature, German- U.S.

The Seven-Steps Mountain (Der siebenstufige; Welskopf-Henrich), 560, 1131

Seven Weeks War, 575 Seven Year Itch (film), 1143 The Seventh Cross (Das

Diebte Kreuz; Seghers), 908, 966, 967 Seventh-Day Adventists

(SDA; Gemeinschaft der Siebenten-Tags- Adventisten), 57, 60 Sewall, May Wright, 565 Sewanee Review, 381 Seydel, Jurgen, 903 Seyss-Inquart, Arthur, 840 SHAEF. See Supreme

Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces Europe

Shakespeare, William, 326,

703

Shanghai Express (film),

1003

The Shanghai Gesture (film),

1004

Shantz, Jacob Yost, 1117 Shaw, George Bernard, 516 Shaw, Pauline Agassiz, 608 Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 1043 Shepard, Sam, 1133, 1134 Shepherd, William, 253 Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921, 222

Sherman, Martin, 891

Sherman, Vincent, 1092

Sherman, William T., 300, 371, 859, 933

Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 53 Shevardnadze, Eduard, 439 Shils, Edward, 924

Shinkle, Amos, 245, 926 Shirer, William L., 1048 The Shoe of Manitou (film), 727

Sholem, Gershom, 657 Shooting Club

(Schutzenverein), 244

A Short Description of Minnesota Territory (“Eine Kurze Beschreibung des Minnesota”; F. Pierz), 765

Shriver, Eunice, 959

Shriver, Maria, 959 Shuetze, Reinhold, 635

Shultze, Karl, 846

Shurtz, Carl, 668

Shuster, George Nauman,

969- 970. See also Bruning, Heinrich; Denazification

SIBRA. See Cultural and Social Society of Brazilian Jews

Sichere Nachricht (Certain News), 870

Sidgwick, N. V., 585 Siemens, 95

Sievers, Wilhelm, 273,

970- 971

Siewert, Max, 94

Sigel, Franz, 64, 252, 369, 371, 494, 666, 942, 953, 971-972, 1047.

See also American Civil War, German participants in; Forty- Eighters

Signs of Life (Lebenszeichen; film), 500

Sikorski, Hans, 925 Silhouettes from Swabia (Silhouetten aus Schwaben; Griesinger), 465

Silliman, Benjamin, 844 “Silver Plan,” 53

Silver Shirts of America, 410 Simha, Robert, 583 Simkovitch, Mary

Kingsbury, 193 Simon, Ernst, 657 Simon Wiesenthal Center,

91

Simonds, Osian C., 1011 Simons, Menno, 80 Simplicissimus, 718 Simpson, William H., 1176, 1178

Simson, Anna, 193 Sinai, 17, 300, 301, 1150 Sinclair, Upton, 491, 1067 Singebewegung, 389

The Singer (El Cantor; film), 919

Singing Society (Liederkranz), 369

Singmaster, Elsie, 972-973. See also Novel, German-American; Pennsylvania

Sinzheimer, Hugo, 770—771 Siodmak, Robert, 512, 514, 1017, 1143

Sioux Death-dirge (“Nadowessiers Todtenlied”; Seume), 968

Sirk, Douglas, 514

Sitting Bull (Zuckmayer), 1199

Six Years in Suriname or Pictures from the Military Life in This Colony and Brief Remarks on Its Social and Natural Conditions (Sechs jahre in Surinam oder Bilder aus dem militarischen Leben dieser Kolonie und Skizzen zur Kenntnis seiner socialen und naturwissenschaftlichen Verhaltniss; Kappler), 601

Skaggs, William H., 796 Sketch Book of Geoffrey

Crayon (Irving), 453, 587

Skinheads, 91 Skladanowski brothers, 341 Slaght, Arthur G., 1170 Slavery

in Brazil, 176 in German American and

German texts, 974-976 in German American novel, 834 in Germantown,

Pennsylvania, 443 in Jamaica, 572 in Pennsylvania, 875-876 See also Anneke, Mathilde

Franziska; Assing, Ottilie; Duden, Gottfried; Forty- Eighters; Griesinger, Karl Theodor; Humboldt, Alexander von; Kapp, Friedrich; Ruppius, Otto; Sealsfield, Charles; Strubberg, Friedrich August

Slavery and Freedom: The Autobiography of Frederick Douglas (Sklaverei undFreiheit: Autobiographie von Frederick Douglass; Douglass), 104

Slavery in America, or Black Blood (Sclaverei in Amerika oder Schwarzes Blut; Strubberg), 1018 Sloan, Alfred, 198 Slovak Evangelical Lutheran Church, 710

SLP. See Socialist Labor

Party

Smidt, Johann, 181

Smith, Al, 880

Smith, Gerald L. K., 410

Smith, Jean Edward, 422

Smith, John, 544

Smith, Joseph, 57

Smith, Truman, 477, 670

Smith, Virginia Thrall, 610

Smith, William Gardner, 1050

Smoot-Hawley Tariff, 463, 647

Snell, Bradford, 198-199

Snider, E. W B., 1120-1121

Snyder, Simon, 892

Sochor, Dominik, 809

Social Democratic Labor Party, 976

Social Democratic Party (SPD;

Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands), 390, 669

Social Justice, 589

Social Justice Review, 421, 604, 605

Social mobility, assimilation and, 102

Social Turn Association (Sozialer Turnverein), 755

Socialist Labor Party (SLP),

976- 978

African Americans and, 978

electoral politics of, 977 founding of, 976 leisure activities of, 977 membership in, 976 union activities of,

977- 978

women's issues and, 978 See also Chicago; Liebknecht, Wilhelm; New York City; Newspaper press (U.S.), German language in

Socialist movement, 416

Socialist Party, 416

Socialist Party of Germany (SPD; Sozialistische Partei Deutschland), 976

Socialist Students League

(SDS)

Vietnam War, West German protests and, 1099

Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED; Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands), 135, 389

Socialist Youth, 390

Sociedad Colombo-Alemana de Transportes Aereos. See Colombian- German Air Transport Company

Societies. See German societies

The Society (Die Gesselschafi; Mann), 718

Society for Economic Studies Overseas (Gesellschaft fur wirtschaftliche Studien in Ubersee), 28

Society for Space Travel (Verein fur Raumschiffahrt), 163

Society for the Prevention of World War III (SPWWIII), 1087-1088

Society for the Promotion of Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Domestic Economy, 239-240

Society for the Protection of German Immigrants in Texas. See Adelsverein

Society Germania (Gesellschaft Germania), 334

Society of Jesus, 611

Society of Swabs from the Danute (Verein der Donauschwaben), 245

SOCRATES, 400

Sodaro, Michael, 422 SOFA. See Status of Forces

Agreement

Sofia: A Changing City between the Orient

and Occident (“Sofia. Wandlungen einer Groβstadt zwischen Orient und Okzident”; Wilhelmy), 1144 Sohnrey, Heinrich, 409 Solger, Anton, 684 Solger, Reinhold, 678, 834, 1047

“Soliloquy of a Young Poet” (Taylor), 1021

Sollner, Karl, 584 Solms-Braunfels, Prince Carl of, 41-42, 729, 730, 812, 813, 983-984. See also Adelsverein; Meusebach, John O.; New Braunsfels, Texas; World War I

Solomon, Hannah, 17 Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, 919 Some Like It Hot (film), 1143

Sommerfeld, Arnold, 1075-1076

Somoza, Anastasio, 1182 The Song of Bernadette (Werfel), 522-523

Sonne, Isaiah, 594 Sonntags-Blatt fur Jedermann aus dem Volke (The Sunday Edition for Everyone), 929 The Sons of Great Mother Bear (Die Sohne der grossen Barin; Welskopf-Henrich), 547-549, 560, 1128-1130

Sons of Hermann, 417,

985- 987 growth of, 986 membership in, 986-987 monuments to Hermann

and, 986

during World War I, 985,

986- 987

during World War II, 987 See also German

Unification (1871)

Sons of the Covenant. See B’nai B’rith

Sophie’s Choice (film), 339 Sorbs (Wends), 987-991 ancient traditions of, 988 assimilation of, 990 culture of, 988 ethnic consciousness of, 989, 990 heritage of, 988, 991 language of, 988-989, 990

leaders of, 989-990 under Nazi rule, 988 origin of name, 989 religion of, 989-990 schools of, 990 social structure of, 987-988

The Sorrows of Young Werther (Die Leiden des jungen Werthers; Goethe), 326, 401, 695

SOS Iceberg (SOS Eisberg; film), 316

La Souffriere (documentary), 501

Soul of a Man (film), 1134 South America

colonization of, 254-256 immigration to, 23-25 South America as Reflected in its Cities (Sudamerika im Spiegel seiner Stadte; Wilhelmy), 1145 South American Indian languages, 43-44, 45 South American Petrographs (Sudamerikanische Felszeichnungen; Koch- Grunberg), 617 South American River

Voyages (Sudamerikanische Stromfahrten; Ehrenreich), 295 South Dakota, immigration to, 1101-1102

Soviet Union, 362-363 Der Sozialdemokrat (The

Social Democrat), 944 Der Sozialist, 758

Space, Time, and Architecture (Giedion), 125

Space exploration, 164 Spahn, Martin, 184 Spain, Central and South

American colonization

and, 254—256

Spandau: The Secret Diaries (Speer), 726

Spangenberg, Gottlieb August, 888

Spanknobel, Heinz, 392, 393

Spaunhorst, Henry J., 419

SPD. See Social Democratic

Party

SPD. See Socialist Party of Germany

Special House Committee to Investigate the Extent, Character, and Objects of Nazi Propaganda in the United States, 411

A Speculation (Eine Speculation; Ruppius), 930

Spee, Count Maximilian Graf von, 45

Speer, Albert, 76, 199, 726, 840

Spemann, Hans, 577

Spener, Jakob, 603

Spener, Philipp Jakob, 887

Speyer, James von, 79, 377, 1076

Speyer and Company, 376

The Spiders (Die Spinnen; film), 348-349

Spiegel, Frederick S., 241

Spiel, Hilde, 689

Spielberg, Steven, 1133 Spielhagen, Friedrich, 685 Spies, August, 82, 83, 490

Spiess, Hermann, 42, 265-266

Spindler, Arthur, 409 Spinoza, Baruch, 1013

Spirit of St. Louis (film), 1144

Spix, Johann Baptist von, 638, 723, 809

Splash (film), 340 Spotswood, Alexander, 761 The Spring Storm (Der Fruhlingssturm; Mann), 718

Springer, Gerald Norman “Jerry,” 242

Sprogel, Johann Heinrich, 870

SPWWIII. See Society for the Prevention of World War III

The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film), 339

S.S. Flandre, 991

S.S. Orduna, 991

S.S. St Louis, 991-993 German Jewish refugees on, 992-993

See also Migration, German-Jewish; World War II

SS Caribou, 1186

SS Death Head Special Units (SS TotenkopfVerbande)

SS (Schutzstaffel; Protective Squadron), 117, 837

Staatliches Bauhaus, 123 Staats-Anzeiger (Public

Advertiser), 822 Stadel Institute, 130 Staden, Hans, 165, 543-544, 996-997, 1044.

See also Conquista; Indian captivity; Schmidel, Ulrich

Der Stadtebau (City Planning; Hegemann), 494

Stael, Madame de, 308-309 Stahel, General, 64

Stalag 17 (film), 1144 Stalag 17 (TV series), 340 Stalin, Josef, 69, 90, 438,

839

air offensive, during World War II and, 1177

North African landings, during World War II and, 1173

and postwar Germany, plans for, 1080

Tehran Conference and, 1022-1023

Stalin Note, 998-999 context for, 998 continuing controversy over, 998

German Question and, 998

See also German Unification (1990)

Stallo, Johann Bernhard, 240, 243

Stallone, Sylvester, 863 Stamp Act, 791, 823 Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 84, 565

Stanton, Mrs. Theodore, 565

Stanton, Theodore, 565 The Star (Der Stern), 716-717

Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country (film), 339

Star Wars (film), 339 Starr, Ellen Gates, 38 State Creeds and Their Modern Apostles (Stallo), 243

State Museum of Ethnology and Anthropology, 469

The State of Missouri: An Account with Special References to German Immigration (Der Staat Missouri geschildert mit besonderer Rucksicht auf teutsche Einwanderung; F Muench), 788 The State of Things (film), 1134

Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA), 449

Staudinger, Hermann, 582, 583, 584

Staudlin, Karl Friedrich, 459 Staudte, Wolfgang, 351

Stay Hungry (film), 959 Stedman, Alexander, 452, 761

Stedman, Charles, 452, 761 Steffen, Hans, 999-1000.

See also Argentina; Chile

Stegerwald, Adam, 184 Steichen, Edward, 885 Steidle, Josef, 441

Stein, Wilhelm, 763 Stein, William H., 581 Steinbeck, John, 522 Steinen, Karl von den, 295,

747, 1000-1002.

See also Brazil; Ehrenreich, Paul; Humboldt, Alexander von; Meyer, Hermann Steinen, Wilhelm von den, 1001

Steiner, Melchior, 906 Steinhoff, Hans, 574 Steller, Georg Wilhelm, 556 Stelzer, Ulli, 557

Stelzner, Adolf, 94 Stenger, John, 247 Stent, Gunther, 582 Stephan, Martin, 707—709, 1110, 1111

Stephan, Sol, 245 Stephens, John Loyd, 532 Sterilization program, eugenics movement and, 322, 323, 324

Stern, Curt, 577

Stern, Kurt G., 583 Stern, Otto, 584-585 Sternberg, Erich von, 512 Sternberg, Josef von, 278-279, 513, 574, 627, 697, 1002-1004, 1016, 1199. See also Dietrich, Marlene; German film, U.S. influence in; Holywood; Jannings, Emil; Lorre, Peter; Stroheim, Erich von Sternberg, Riza von, 279 Sternburg, Hermann Speck von, 144, 330, 331, 354-355,

1004- 1005, 1093.

See also Bernstorff, Johann Heinrich Andreas Hermann Albrecht Count von; Far East, U.S.-German entente in; First Moroccan Crisis; Venezuelan crisis Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm von, 430, 504, 600, 756, 807, 1045,

1005- 1007, 1047. See also Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel; Steuben Society of America; Travel literature, German-U.S.

Steuben, Fritz, 559-560 Steuben Society of America,

1007- 1008

aims of, 1007

civic and cultural activities of, 1008 founders of, 1007 German language and, 1007

symbol of, 1007-1008 See also Steuben, Frederick von; World War I, German Americans and

Steuer family, 822 Stewart, James, 279

Stiefel, Ernst C.,

1008- 1009. See also Intellectual exile

Stiegel, Henry William, 452, 761-762

Stieglitz, Alfred, 884-885 Stiller, Maurice, 574 Stilling, Heinrich, 683 Stimson, Frederic Jessup, 1048

Stimson, Henry L., 1082 Stimson, Henry M., 773 Stirner, Max, 82

Stobbe, Dietrich, 1138 Stock, Frederick, 800 Stoehr, Ingo R., 280

Stoker, Bram, 797 Stokowski, Leopold, 632 The Stone Angel (Laurence), 675

The Stone Carvers (Urquhart), 675

Stone with Horns (Stein mit Hornern; Welskopf- Henrich), 560, 1130

Storey, Joseph, 307

Stories of Pennsylvania, 1616­1860 (Singmaster),

973

Storm, Theodor, 409 The Storm (Der Sturm) movement, 654

Story, Joseph, 1038 Stout, Rex, 1087

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 84,

974

Strand, Paul, 885 Strasser, Otto, 174 Strauch, Adolph, 245, 635, 1009-1012.

See also Central Park; Cincinnati; Fredericksburg; Landscape architects; New Braunfels; Olmsted, Frederick Law; Texas Strauβ, Botho, 281 Strauss, David F., 938 Strauss, Herbert, 20 Strauss, Lazarus, 15 Strauss, Leo, 564, 1013-1014. See also Intellectual exile Strauss, Richard, 703, 921 Streicher, Julius, 840 Strength through Joy (KdF; Kraft durch Freude), 1103

Stresemann, Gustav, 271 Stresemann, Wolfgang,

261 Stricker, Wilhelm, 375 Strikes of 1877, 232 Strindberg, August, 519 Stritch, Cardinal Samuel,

785

Stritt, Marie, 566 Strobel, Matthias, 94 Strodtmann, Adolf, 1047 Stroessner, Alfredo, 867, 868, 1014-1015. See also Paraguay Stroessner, Hugo, 1014 Stroh, Bernard, 133 Stroh Brewing company, 133

Strohbach, Augustin, 739 Stroheim, Erich von, 513, 1003, 1016-1017, 1143.

See also Hollywood; Sternberg, Josef von; Wilder, Billy Stroll to Syracuse in 1802 (Spaziergang nach Syrakus im Jahre 1802; Seume), 968 Strong Male Rules (Schuster), 969 Stroszek (film), 352, 501

Strubberg, Friedrich August (Ps. Armand), 557, 676, 684, 833-834, 975, 1017-1018. See also Adelsverein; Forty-Eighters; Fredericksburg; Hecker, Friedrich; Heym, Stefan; Indians, in German literature; Kapp, Friedrich; Literature, German American, in the nineteenth century; Literature, German, the U.S. in; Novel, German American

Strubel, Antje Ravic, 1050 Stuart, Moses, 307 Stubel, Alphons M., 921, 922-923, 1151-1152

Stubel, Moritz Alphons, 1018-1020. See also Reiss, Johann Wilhelm Stubel, Otto Moritz, 1018 Student exchange programs, 432-435, 1076

Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, 267

Students. See American students; German students

Studies in German Literature (Taylor), 1022

Studies in Philosophy and Social Science, 517

Studies in Prejudice, 517 Studies of Philosophy and Science, 381

The Study of the Maya (Die Mayaforschung; Termer), 1024

Sturenburg, Caspar, 834 Der Sturmer, 840 Sub-Primary School Society, 608

Submarine. See U-boat Sudermann, Hermann, 798 Sue, eugene, 676

Suess, E., 583

Suite for Piano (Klaviersuite op. 25; Schonberg), 949

Sullivan, Louis, 495 Sulzberger, Mayer, 940 Sulzer, Louis, 741

Sulzer, Solomon, 1148 Summary of the National

Economy with a

Special Treatment of the Current Conditions of the Country (Resumo de economia nacional, especialmente aplicado Us circunstdncias atuais do pais; Koseritz), 626 The Sun in Mythology (Die

Sonne im Mythos;

Ehrenreich), 296 Sunday Examiner (San

Francisco), 1196 Sunrise. A Song of Two

Humans (film), 797-798 Sunset Boulevard (film),

1017, 1143 Suomi Synod, 710 Supreme Headquarters

Allied Expeditionary

Forces Europe (SHAEF), 67 Suren, Msgr. Victor T., 421 Suriname: Its land, Nature,

People, and Culture in Relationship to Its Colonization (Surinam. Sein Land, seine Natur, Bevolkerung und seine Culturverhdltnisse mit Bezug auf Colonisation; Kappler), 602 Sussex (French passenger ship), 1155 Sussex Pledge, 1155, 1158 Sutro, Rabbi Abraham, 653 Sutro, Theodore, 186 Sutro-Schucking, Kathinka,

677, 834 Suttner, Bertha von, 194,

726

Sutz, Erwin, 156 Swearingen, Victor, 840 Sweeter Than All the World

(Wiebe), 674 Swersey, John S., 474

Swimming the American Crawl (Weissmueller), 1125

Swope, Benedict, 426 Sylvester, James J., 588 Synagogue Architecture in the United States: History and Interpretation (Wischnitzer), 590

Syndicato Condor, 980-981

Synod of Rio Grande do Sul, 283

Synod of the German Reformed Church, 426

Synodical Conference, 709 Systematical Overview over the Animals of Brazil (Systematische Ubersicht der Tiere Brasiliens; Burmeister), 196

Systeme de politique positive (Comte), 168

Szilard, Leo, 304, 577, 1141, 1142

Szold, Henriette, 715

T-4 (euthanasia program), 324-325

Tabu (film), 798

TAC. See The Architects’ Collaborative

Tafel, Gustav, 241

Taft, Robert A., 840

Taft, William H., 807

Tdgliches Cincinnatier Volksblatt (Daily Cincinnati People’s Paper), 243

Talbot, Henry Fox, 883-884 Talbotype, 883

Talfinger, Ambrosius, 254, 255

Talmud-Thora schools, 378 Talvj. See Robinson, Therese Tarbell, Ida, 253

Taubler, Eugen, 594

Taylor, Fred, 1022

Taylor, Frederick W., 795

Taylor, (James) Bayard, 532, 587, 1021-1022, 1045.

See also Goethe, and America; Travel

literature, German-

U.S.

Taylor, Myron, 88 Technics and Civilization

(Mumford), 794 Tecumseh (film), 547 Tegener, Fritz, 836 Tehran Conference,

1022-1023

European Advisory Commission and, 1023

United Nations Organization and, 1023

See also Casablanca

Conference; Morgentuah Plan; U.S., postwar Germany and; World War II

Teiwes, Helga, 557 Television (American), 340

Nazism and, 340 World War II and, 340 Ten-Point Program, 438-439

Tenth World Youth Games (1973), 268

Termer, Karl Ferdinand

Franz, 1024-1025.

See also Ratzel, Friedrich; Sapper family Terrell, Mary Church, 193 Testimony to the Goodness and Solemnity of God toward His Covenant People for the Repeal of the Stamp Act, Delivered 1 August 1766(H. M. Muhlenberg), 791 Tetens, Friedrich Tete

Harens, 1087 Tetzel, Gabriel, 761 Tetzel, Hans, 761 Tetzel, Jobst, 761 Teuscher, Jakob, 925 Teutonia, 393

Texas, 1025-1029

Adelsverein and,

1026-1027 during the American

Civil War, 1027-1028

German culture in,

1028- 1029 immigration to, 987,

989, 990, 1025, 1026, 1027, 1028-1029 industry and technology in, 1029

during the post-American Civil War era, 1027-1028

revolution of 1836, 1025 during World War I, 1025, 1028, 1029 during World War II, 1028

See also Adelsverein; Ernst, Friedrich; Fredericksburg; Meusbach, John O.; New Braunfels; Neuces, Battle of; Sorbs (Wends); Texas German dialect; World War I, German Americans and Texas, German dialects in,

1029- 1035

English nouns in, 1032

English verbs borrowed into, 1032

historical background of, 1029-1031

lexicon, 1031-1033 linguistic groups influencing, 1034-1035

linguistic properties of, 1031-1033

phonetics and phonology of, 1032-1033

during post-World War II era, 1030-1031 reduced case system of, 1033

split in settlement patterns of, 1034 variation in, 1033-1035 during World War I, 1030

during World War II, 1030

See also Adelsverein; Fredericksburg; Iowa, German dialects in; Kansas, German

dialects in; New

Braunfels;

Pennsylvania German language; Sorbs (Wends); Texas; World War I, German Americans and Thayer, William Roscoe, 1048

Theater Arts, 890 Thenault, Georges, 1159 The Theophist, 487 Theory of degeneration, 321 Theory of evolution, 320,

409, 626 Theory of Film: The

Redemption of Physical

Reality (Kracauer), 627 Theory of Garden Art

(Theorie der Gartenkunst; Hirschfeld), 223 Theory of Harmony

(Harmonielehre;

Schonberg), 949 Theory of the World System

(Theorie des

Weltsystem; Weitling), 1128

Theosophical movement,

487

Theosophische Gesselschaft

(International

Theosophical

Brotherhood;

Internationale

Verbruderung), 487 Theroux, Paul, 1051 Theweleit, Klaus, 682 They Saved Hitler’s Brain

(film), 339-340 Thimig, Helene, 921 The Thin Red Line (film),

339 Thirty Years' War, 14 Tholuck, Frederick Augustus

Gottreu, 938 Thomas, Albert, 379 Thomas, Friedrich Wilhelm,

907

Thomas, Theodore, 232, 799-800

Thompson, Dorothy, 261, 262, 663, 1035-1037, 1048,

1087, 1199.

See also Bruning, Heinrich; Lewis, Sinclair; Morgenthau Plan; Treaty of Versailles; Vansittartism; World War II; Zuckmeyer, Carl

Thompson, John, 211 Thorbecke, Franz, 1107 Thoreau, Henry David, 551, 607, 1041

3 Amerikanische LPs (film), 1132

Through Central Brazil. An Expedition along the Xingu (Durch Central- Brasilien. Expedition zur Erforschung des Schingu; Steinen), 1001

Thulemeier, Baron von, 1053-1054 Thunderbolt (film), 1189 Ticknor, George, 70, 306, 307, 325, 326, 327, 357, 459, 532, 586-587, 1037-1039, 1045.

See also American students, at German universities; Bancroft, George; Everett, Edward; Gottingen, University of; Humboldt, Alexander von; Johann, King of Saxony Tierra del Fuego Trilogy (Feuerland-Trilogie; Gusinde), 470 Til, Gil, 409 Tillich, Paul, 47, 233, 261, 262, 562, 564, 701, 890

Time magazine, 753 Timm, Uwe, 281 Tirpitz, Alfred von, 1154 Titan (Richter), 402 Titanic, 1157 Tito, Josip Broz, 912 The Tlingit Indians (Die Tlinklit-Indianer; Aurel Krause), 630

To Have or to Be (Fromm),

396

To the Chukchi Peninsula and to the Tlingit Indians 1881/1882 (Zur Tshuktschen- Halbinsel und zu den Tlinklit-Indianern 1881/1882; Aurel Krause), 630 “To the United States” (“Den Vereinigsten Staaten”; Goethe), 453-454

Tobolsky, A. V., 583 Tocqueville, Alexis de, 311, 468, 684, 974

Todd, Mary, 618 Toews, Miriam, 681 Togoland, and Washington,

Booker T., 1113-1115

Tokeah; or the White Rose (Sealsfield), 557-558, 964-965

Toledo Express, 880 Toller, Ernst, 1048 Tomuschat, Christian,

1039-1041

Tonio Kroger (Mann), 718

Top und Harry (Welskopf- Henrich), 1129 Torres Bollo, Diego de, 738 Torrijos, Omar, 865 Totalitarian Dictatorship and Autocracy (Friedrich and Brzezinski), 390 Totally down under (Ganz unten; Walraff), 728 Touristik Union

International (TUI), 482

The Town (film), 1004 Townshend Act of 1767, 452

Trade unions, 416-417 Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917, 1165

Trading with the Enemy Act of 1941, 198

“Traditional and Critical Theory” (Horkheimer), 517

A Tramp Abroad (Mark Twain), 1064

Transatlantic Letters (“Transatlantische Briefe”; Assing), 104

Transcendentalism, 1041-1043. See also bancroft, George; Fuller, Margaret Transit (Seghers), 966 Traubel, Horace, 312 Traun, Bertha, 952 Traun, C. J. F., 952 Travel in Brazil (Reise in Brasilien 1817—1820; Martius), 723 Travel literature, German-

U.S., 1043-1051 during the American Civil War, 1047 authors of, 1044 cultural transfer and, 1044 during the eighteenth century, 1044 genres of, 1043 Indians and, 555-557 during the nineteenth century, 1045-1047 purpose of, 1043-1044 thru the seventeenth century, 1044 during the twentieth century, 1047-1051 during World War I, 1048-1049 during World War II, 1049

See also Adorno, Theodor; American students, at German universities; Bancroft, George; Anti-Socialist Law; Duden, Gottfried; Paul Wilhelm, Duke of Wurttemberg; Everett, Edward; Follen, Charles; Fulbright Program; Fuller, Margaret; Germany, in American films and television; GIs, in West Germany; Hecker, Friedrich; Heym, Stefan; Horkheimer, Max; Intellectual exile; Kapp, Friedrich; Kisch, Egon Erwin; Lewis, Sinclair; Lieber Francis (Franz); Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth; Mann, Thomas; Munsterberg, Hugo; Neumann, Franz L.; Ratzel, Friedrich; Rupius, Otto; Schmidel, Ulrich; Schurz, Carl; Sealsfield, Charles; Seume, Johann Gottfired; Sigel, Franz; Staden, Hans; Steuben, Frederick von; Taylor, (James) Bayard; Thompson, Dorothy; Ticknor, George;

Transcendentalism; Twain, Mark; Weitling, Wilhelm Travel through the La Plata states with an Emphasis on the Argentinean Republic (Reise durch die La Plata-Staaten mit besonderer Rucksicht der Argentinischen Republik; Burmeister), 197

Travels and Adventures of a Marine (Fahrten und Abenteuer eines Marinesoldaten; Griesinger), 465 Travels in Bolivia and Peru:

Glacial-geological Research Findings (Reisen in Bolivien und Peru, glacial-geologische Forschungsresulate;

Meyer), 488

Travels in Canada and through the States of New York and Pennsylvania (Kohl), 620

Travels in Chile, Peru and along the Amazon from 1827 to 1832 (Reise in Chile, Peru

und auf dem Amazonenstrome wahrend der Jahre 1827 bis 1832; Poeppig), 893 Travels in the Columbian

Andes (Reisen in den columbianischen Anden; Hettner), 504 Travels in [Eastern] Canada (Kohl), 620 Travels in the Interior of North America (Reise in das Innere Nord­America; Wied- Neuwied), 153, 556-557, 1140 Travels in the Northeast

United States (Kohl), 620

Travels in Peru, during the Years 1838—1842 on the Coast, in the Sierra, across the Cordilleras and the Andes, into the Principal Forests (Peru. Reiseskizzen aus den Jahren 1838—1842; Tsuchudi), 1057 Travels through North Brazil in 1859 (Reise durch Nord-Brasilien im Jahre 1859; Ave- Lallemant), 110 Travels through South Brazil in 1858 (Reise durch Sud-Brasilien im Jahre 1858; Ave-Lallemant), 109-110

Traven, B., 1051—1052. See also Mexico

Treaty of 1785 (Prusso- American Treaty), 37-38, 1053-1054.

See also Adams, John Quincy Treaty of Aachen, 829 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 383 Treaty of Paris, 105 Treaty of Utrecht, 830 Treaty of Versailles, 27, 28, 33, 94, 185, 227, 269, 270, 332, 335, 336, 641, 642, 828, 897,

979, 1055-1057, 1079, 1168, 1197 financial provisions of, 1056-1057 provisions of, 1055-1056 war reparations and, 1056, 1079

See also Dawes Plan; World War I Treitschke, Heinrich von, 195

Trenker, Luis, 316, 317, 350 Treyer, Hans Xaver, 165 The Trials of Henry Kissinger (Hitchens), 616

Tribune (Tribune), 173 Trip to Tilsit (Sudermann), 798

The Triumph and Tragedy of Erasmus (Zweig), 525 Troeltsch, Ernst, 283 Troll, Carl, 1122 Troya, Rafael, 1019 Trudeau, Pierre Elliott, 215 True and Lovely Description of Several Fine Indian Territories and Islands (Warhafftige und liebliche Beschreibung etlicher furnemen Indianischen Landschafften und Insulen; Schmidel), 945

True History and Description of a Country of Wild, Naked, Terrible Man­eaters Who Dwell in the New World Called America (Wahrhaftige Historia und Beschreibung eines Landes der wilden, nackten und grimmigen Menschenfresser, in der Neuen Welt Amerika gelegen; Staden), 543-544, 996-997 True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, 543, 544

True Stories from a Marvelous Journey (Wahrhafftige Historien einer Wunderbaren Schiffart; Schmidel), 93

Trujillo, Rafael, 1182 Truman, Harry S., 571, 774 German-Jewish refugees and, 21

Nuremberg trials and, 839

and postwar Germany, plans for, 1082 Stalin Note and, 998 Truman administration, 917, 1071

Tschudi, Johann,

1057- 1058. See also Brazil

Tuan Gila: A Crazy Man Hikes on the Equator (Tuan Gila, ein verruckter Herr wandert am Aquator; Helbig), 496

Tube, Minna, 129 Tucholsky, Kurt, 664 Tufts, Robert W., 999 TUI. See Touristik Union

International

The Tunnel (Der Tunnel; film), 350-351 Tunner, William H., 473 Turn-Zeitung (Turner Gazette), 248 Turnauer, Christine, 557 Turnen, 1059-1060, 1061, 1063

Turner, William, 1157 Turner movement, 242, 248,

416

Turner societies, 416,

1058- 1063

in America, 1060-1061 during the American Civil War, 1061 assimilation and, 1062 education of the masses and, 1059 goals of, 1059 Lincoln and, 1061 membership in,

1061- 1062,

1062- 1063 motto of, 1061

in New England, 1060 origins of, 1058-1059 during the Revolution of 1848 and 1849,

1060

social activities of, 1059,

1061

Turnen and, 1059-1060, 1061, 1063

Turner union and, 1061 in U.S., 1060-1061 during World War I,

1062

during World War II, 1062

See also American Civil War, German participants in; Follen, Charles; Forty- Eighters; Lieber, Francis (Franz) Turner Society (Turnverein), 83, 243-244, 248, 334, 369 Turnfest, 335-336 Twain, Mark (Samuel Clemens), 954, 1046, 1063-1064. See also Schurz, Carl

Tweed, William “Boss,” 804, 821

The Twentieth Century (Das zwanzigste Jahrhundert; Mann), 718

Twentieth Century Fox, 512-513, 697

Twenty Years at Hull-House (Addams), 39 Two Friends (Zwei Freunde; Welskopf-Henrich), 1128

Two-Plus-Four Accord, 439, 440

Two Years among the Indians (Zwei Jahre unter den Indianern; Koch-Grunberg), 617 Tyler, John, 716

U-boat (U-boot; Unterseeboot; submarine), 1154-1158, 1171-1173

UAHC. See Union of

American Hebrew

Congregations

UB. See United Brethren in Christ Church

UCC. See Uniform Commercial Code

Udet, Ernst, 1200

UFA. See Universal-Film-

A.G.

UGS. See United German Societies

Uhl, Jakob, 818, 820

Uhland, Johann Ludwig, 402

Uhland, Ludwig, 695, 696 Uhland in Texas (Anneke), 834

Ukranian Hetman Organization, 410, 631

Ulbricht, Walter, 135, 920, 1072

Ulmer, Edgar G., 512, 514 Ulrich, Rudolph, 635, 846 Ultimatum (film), 1017 UMC. See United Methodist

Church

UN Protection Force (UN- PROFOR), 216

Unabhangiger Orden Treuer Schwestern (UOTS; Independent Order of True Sisters), 1065-1066. See also B-nai B'rith

Uncle Toms Cabin (Stowe), 84, 974, 975

Underworld (film), 1003

Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), 690-691

Union Loyal League Militia, 836

Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC), 593-594

Union Prayer Book, 1150

Union Terminal, 246

Union Theological Seminary, 155

Unitarianism, 1042

United Brethren in Christ Church (UB), 58-59 “United Building” project, 52

United Church of Christ, 427

United Empire Loyalists,

850

United German Societies (UGS), 392-393

United Glass Company, 452

United Hebrew Charities, 16 United Methodist Church (UMC), 59

United Nations Charter, 1171

United Nations Organization, 1023

United Order of True Sisters (Unabhangiger Orden Truer Schwestern), 151

United States antisemitism in, 86, 87, 88

immigration policy of, 19, 20

immigration to, 6-11, 33-34

United States, and East Germany, relations between, 1071—1073 during Berlin crisis, 1072 compensation for Jewish claims and, 1072 exchange of academics and, 1072 fall of Berlin Wall and, 1072

Jewish World Congress and, 1072

Mormons and, 1072 RIAS and, 1071 See also Berlin Wall;

Radio Inside the American Sector United States, and postwar

Germany, plans for, 1078-1083

Advisory Committee on Post-War Foreign Policy and, 1079 conflicting ideas and, 1078-1079

European Advisory Commission and,

1080- 1081

JCS 1067 and, 1082 Morgenthau Plan and,

1081- 1082

new political order and,

1079

planning group and, 1079

“Program to Prevent World War III” and, 1081, 1082 reparations and, 1079 Treaty of Versailles and, 1079

See also Casablanca Conference; Denazification; Morgenthau Plan; Tehran Conference; Treaty of Versailles; Vansittartism; World War II

United States, East German perception of, 1066-1069 intellectual perception of, 1066, 1068-1069 official perception of, 1066, 1067 political relations and, 1066

private perception of, 1066, 1067-1068

See also Americanization; Berlin Wall; Davis, Angela; Indian films, of DEFA; Indians, in German literature; May, Karl; Olympic games; Radio Inside the American Sector; Reed, Dean; Welskopf-Henrich, Liselotte

United States European Command (USEUCOM), 449

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 90-91

The United States of America (Die Vereinigten Staaten von NordAmerika; Ratzel), 914

The United States of North America as They Are (Sealsfield), 964 Universal-Film-A.G. (UFA), 342, 343

Universal Film Production Company, 512

Universal German Encyclopedia for the Educated Classes (Allgemeine deutsch Real-Encyclopaedie fur die gebildeten Stande or Conversations Lexikon; Brockhaus), 305, 306, 307

Universal Studios, 279 Universities. See American universities, German students at; German universities, American students at

Universum Film Aktiongesellschaft, 574

UNPROFOR. See UN Protection Force

Unruh, Fritz von, 108, 686 Unseld, Siegfried, 281 Untermeyer, Jean Starr, 519 Untermeyer, Louis, 1048 Untersuchungen uber die Fauna Peruana (Tschudi), 1057

The Unwilling Bridegroom (Hochzeiter wider Willen; Griesinger), 465

UOTS. See Unabhangiger Orden Treuer Schwestern

Uriburu, Jose Felix, 332, 641

Urquhart, Jane, 675 Urssenbacher, Abraham, 543, 545

Uruguay, immigration to, 24, 30

U.S. Army, antisemitism in, 88-89

U.S. Army Counter Intelligence Corps, 118-119

U.S. Army Interrogation Camp, 163-164

U.S. Brewmaster’s Association, 132

U.S. Civil War. See American Civil War

U.S. Department of State,

66, 69, 87

U.S. Department of the Treasury, 66

U.S. Department of War, 66 Civil Affairs Division, 66

U.S. Forces European Theater, 67

U.S. government, influence of, and consumerism, 257-258

U.S. Group of the Allied Control Council, 67

U.S. National Academy of Sciences, 422

U.S. Office of Military Government, 433, 840

U.S. Tobacco Journal, 476

USEUCOM. See United

States European Command

Vaca, Alvar Nunez Cabeza de, 946

Vacano, Jost, 514

Vacuum Oil Company, 296

Vagts, Alfred, 1085-1086. See also Intellectual exchange, U.S.- German; Intellectual exile

Valdivia, Pedro de, 254

Values for Survival (Mumford), 794

Van Buren, Martin, 356, 469

Van Gogh, Vincent, 129

Vanderbilt, Alfred, 1157 Vandervilt, George W., 846 Vansittart, Robert Gilbert, 1037, 1086

Vansittartism, 1086-1088.

See also Morgenthau Plan; Thompson, Dorothy; United States, and postwar Germany, plans for; World War II

Vanzetti, Bartolomeo, 83

Vargas, Getulio, 127, 170, 172, 174, 175, 283, 440, 528, 1184-1185 integralism and, 562

Varnhagen, Ludwig Wilhelm, 763

Varnhagen, Rosa Maria. See Assing, Rosa Maria Varrentrapp, Georg, 375 Varus, Publius Quinctilius, 985

Vasconcelos, Zeferina Maria de, 625

Vater, Johann Severin, 43-45, 1088-1090.

See also Adelung, Johann Christoph; Humboldt, Wilhelm von

Vaux, Calvert, 222, 223-225, 845, 846

VDR. See Confederation of Citizens of the German Reich

Veblen, Thorstein, 519 VEF. See Federation of

Evangelical Free Churches

Veidt, Conrad, 573, 655,

1091- 1092.

See also Hollywood; Leni, Paul; Murnau, Friedrich Wilhelm; Reinhardt, Max Velde, Henry van de, 122 Venema, Peter, 1194 Venezuela

conquest of, 254-255 immigration to, 24 Venezuela: A Regional

Geography (Venezuela, eine Landeskunde; Sievers), 971 Venezuelan crisis,

1092- 1094.

See also Far East, U.S.- German entente and; First Moroccan Crisis The Vengeance of the White Man (Die Rache des Weissen Mannes; Gerstacker), 559 Venus (cooling ship), 113 Verein, 1094-1096.

See also German Catholic Central-Verein; Kenkel, Frederick P.; St. Raphael's Association for the Protection of German Catholic Emigrants; Steuben Society of

America Vereine, 128, 233 Vereinigte Stahlwerke, 77 Vereins-Kirche, 382 Der Vereinsbote (The

Association Messenger), 1066 Vernac, Denise, 1017 Verne, Jules, 697 Veronika (Stroheim), 1017 Vespucci, Amerigo, 1108 Victoria, Queen, 190, 203, 984

Victory in the West (Sieg im Westen; film), 317 Viereck, George Sylvester, 1097-1098.

See also Anti-Socialist Law; Steuben Society; Treaty of Versailles; World War I; World War I, German Americans and Viereck, Laura, 1097 Viereck, Louis, 1097 Vietnam War

GIs, in West Germany, during, 449-450 protest movement, 1138 West German protests and, 1099-1100 Views A-Foot, or, Europe Seen with Knapsack and Staff(Taylor), 1021 Views in the Interior of Guiana (Schomburgk), 948 Views of the New World (Ein Blick in die Neue Welt; Leibknecht), 669 Viking Press Imprint, 518-528

Villa, Pancho, 216, 1159, 1160

The Villa on the Rhine (Das Landhaus am Rhein; Auerbach), 975 Viller, Charles, 1037 A Vindication of Caspar Schwenkfeld (Erlauterung fur Caspar Schwenckfeld), 962-963

Vinegas, Miguel, 111 Virchow, Rudolf, 295

Visible Worlds (Bowering), 675

Vitelleschi, General, 738 VOA. See Voice of America Voeglin, Erik, 562, 564 Vogel, Hans-Jochen, 1138 Vogel, Hermann Wilhelm, 884-885

Vogel, Peter, 1001

Voice of America (VOA), 381, 911

Voices in the Night (Longfellow), 696

Vokurs, 123, 125

The Volcanic Mountains of Colombia (Die Vulkanberge von Colombia; Wolf), 1152

The Volcanic Mountains of Ecuador (Stubel), 1020

Volga Germans (Volga Deutsch), in the U.S.,

1101-1102

during World War I, 1102

See also Argentina; Brazil; Kansas, German dialects in

Volkischer Beobachter (Folkish Observer), 606

Volks-Zeitung (Peoples News), 976

Volksblatt (People's Newspaper), 241, 243, 247

Volksfeste, 334

Volksfreund (People's Friend), 188, 393

Volksgemeinschaft (people's community), 1103

Volkslied (Fuller), 402

Volksstaat (People's State), 669

Volkstribun (People's Tribune), 1126

Volksverein, 420

Volksverein fur das katholische Deutschland (Popular Union for Catholic Germany), 605

Volkswagen Beetle, 360,

745, 1102-1105

as cult and counterculture symbol, 1104

Disney movie and,

1104-1105 number produced, 1104 resurrection of, 1105 Volkswagen company, 360,

745

Americanization and, 76 production site, 1103 Volkswagen Beetle and, 360,1102-1105

See also Ford, Henry;

Mexico Volkswillen, 179 Volkszeitung (People's

Newspaper), 821, 879, 944, 1152 Volkszeitung-Tribune, 880 Volmer bill, 808 Volstead Act of 1919, 499.

See also Prohibition Voltaire, 968 Von-der-Heydt'sches

Rescript. See Heydt

Edict

Vonnegut, Kurt, 1051 Vonsiatsky, Andre Anastase,

410, 631 Vorwarts (Forward), 92, 669 Vorwarts (Progress), 95, 753 Vossler, Karl, 794 Voyage around the World

(Reise um die Welt;

Chamisso), 556 Voyage of Humboldt and

Bonpland to Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent (Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland aux regions equinoxiales du nouveau continent; A. Humboldt), 531 Voyage of the Deutschland (Koenig), 1158 Voyage to Icaria, a philosophical and social novel (Voyage en Icarie; roman philosophique et social; Cabet), 266 VW Beetle. See Volkswagen

Beetle

Wachsmuths Monatshefte fur Baukunst (Wachsmuth's History of Civic Art), 495 Wagenheim, Kal, 932 Wagner, Abraham, 962, 963 Wagner, John, 132 Wagner, Julius, 265 Wagner, Moritz, 864 Wagner, Richard, 321, 368, 675, 800, 949 Wagner, Robert F., 87 Wagner, Stewart, 246 Wahl, Christian, 756 Wahrheitsfreund (Friend of Truth), 575

Waibel, Leo Heinrich, 496,

1107- 1108. See also Intellectual exile

Walburger, Jacobo, 864 Waldrip, J. P., 384 Waldseemuller, Martin,

1108- 1109

Waldvogel, Edward Nicholas “Eddie,” 241

Wallber, Emil, 752, 756 Walldorf, 107

Wallenstein (Motley), 780 The Walnut Tree (Blum), 675 Walraff, Gunther, 728 Walser, Martin, 1050 Walsh, Robert, 307 Walt Whitman

International, 312 Walther, Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm, 708-709, 711,1109-1112.

See also Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod; Schaff, Philip Walther League, 710 Walwille, Marie Grafin von, 545

Wanderer on the Edge: Hans Ertl's Recollections (Der Gratwanderer-Die Erinnerungen des Hans Ertl; film), 317 Wangenheim, Gustav von, 687

War Academy of Argentina, 95

War Measures Act of 1914, 205, 208

War of 1812, 106, 894-895

War of Schleswig-Holstein, 94

War of the Triple Alliance, 867

War reparations, 269-272, 461, 1056, 1079

War-Time Election Act of 1917, 205-206, 853

War tribunals, 163-164 denazification and, 274-275

See also International Military Tribunal Warburg, Aby, 1113 Warburg, Felix Moritz, 18, 1077, 1112-1113.

See also German Jewish migration, to U.S.; New York City; Schiff, Jacob Henry Warburg, Max, 1113 Warburg, Otto, 692 Ward, R. H., 510 Warner, Charles Dudley, 1063

Warner, D. S., 60 Wars of Liberation of 1813, 85

Warsaw Pact, German unification and, 438-440

Wartime Information Board (WIB), 210

Wartime Treatment Study Act, 1179

Washburne, Elihu, 665 Washington, Booker T., 705-706

and Togoland, 1113-1115

Washington, George, 443, 793, 957, 1006

Washington Crossing the Delaware (Leutze), 660-661, 662 Watchtower Society, 57 Waterloo, Ontario,

1119-1121

anti-German sentiment in, 1121

business establishments

in, 1120-1121 cultural events in, 1120 education in, 1120

founding of, 1119

German churches in,

1120

German-language press in, 1120

immigration to, 1119,

1121

settlement in, 1119 during World War I, 1121

See also Berlin-Kitchener, Ontario; Canada, Germans in, during World Wars I and II; Ontario; Ontario, German-language press in; Waterloo County, Ontario Waterloo County, Ontario, 1115-1118

anti-German sentiment in, 1118

cultural events in, 1117

German churches in,

1117

German clubs in, 1117

German language in, 1116, 1117

German-language press in, 1117

immigration to,

1115- 1116, 1117,

1118

lifestyles in, 1116 political allegiances in, 1116

during post-World War II era, 1118

religion in, 1115,

1116- 1117

settlement of, 1115-1116 during World War I,

1117- 1118

See also Berlin/Kitchener, Ontario; Canada, Germans in, during World War I and II; Pennsylvania; Waterloo, Ontario Watson, James, 582 The Way of February (Der Weg durch den Februar; Seghers), 966 Wayne, John, 279

Weather Damage and Agriculture in the United States of America (“Wetterschaden und Landwirtschaft in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika”; Termer), 1024

Weber, Alfred, 390

Weber, Frank J., 759 Weber, Max, 390, 770, 924 Weber, Wilhelm, 459 Weber, William, 92

Webern, Anton, 949 Webster, Daniel, 326-327 The Wedding March (film), 1003

Weekly Reader, 473 Der Weg (The Path), 96 Wegener, Paul, 573, 921 Wegner, Alfred, 713 Weichel, William, 1118, 1121

Weidenmann, Jacob, 635, 1011

Weider, Joe, 959 Weidman, Charles, 516 Weigel, Helene, 180

Weil, Felix, 378, 379 Weill, Kurt, 179, 819 Weimar Constitution of 1919, 60

Weischet, Wolfgang,

1122- 1123. See also Chile

Weiser, Anna, 1124 Weiser, Anna Maria, 790 Weiser, Conrad, 313, 790,

1123- 1124. See also Ephrata; Pennsylvania

Weiser, Reuben, 545

Weiss, Georg Michael, 425 Weiss, George, 961, 962 Weiss, Peter, 687 Weissberger, Arnold, 585-586

Weisskopf, Viktor, 577 Weissmueller, Peter Jonas “Johnny,”

1124- 1125. See also Hollywood

Weissmuller, Janos, 1124 Weitling, Wilhelm

(Christian), 82, 677, 684, 757-758, 1126-1128.

See also Anarchists; Darmstaedters; New Braunfels, Texas; New York City

Weizmann, Chaim, 302, 303, 1113

Weizsacker, Richard von, 148, 1138

Wekhrlin, Wilhelm Ludwig, 683

Well-Intended Advice of the President of the German Society of New York for those Germans who intend to immigrate to the United States (Wohlgemeinter Rath der Vorsteher der Deutschen Gesellschaft in New York an Deutsche, die nach den Vereinigten Staaten von No rd-Amerika auszuwandern beabsichtigen), 431 Well of Life (Lebensborn) program, 323-324 Wells, H. G., 519 Wells, Herman B., 433 WELS. See Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod

Welsch, Robert, 657

Welser, Bartholomaus, 254, 255

Welser, Jakob, 946 Welser company, 93, 254-255, 760 Welskopf, Rudolph, 1128 Welskopf-Henrich, Liselotte, 548, 560, 1068, 1128-1131.

See also Indian films, of DEFA; Indians, in German literature; May, Karl

Der Weltburger (The Cosmopolitan), 186 Wenders, Wim, 347, 351, 352, 353,

1131-1134.

See also Film (German), U.S. image in;

Herzog, Werner; Lang, Fritz; Lubitsch, Ernst Wends. See Sorbs

Werber, Bertha, 1151 Werfel, Alma Mahler, 522 Werfel, Franz, 21, 108, 518,

521-523, 524, 525

Werkbund, 122

Wernle, Paul, 283 Wesleyan Methodist

Missionary Society, 58 West Berlin, 1134-1139 anti-Vietnam War protest movement in, 1138

Basic Law and, 1137 Berlin Wall and, 1138, 1139

city government in, 1136-1137, 1138-1139

Cold War and, 1137 currency reforms in, 1136 division of, 1134-1135, 1135-1136

FRG and, 1137 London Agreement and, 1135

London Protocol and,

1135 political and military guarantees in, 1135 Quadripartite Agreement and, 1138

as showcase of free world, 1135

squatter wars and, 1138 transportation links to GDR and, 1137 zones of occupation and, 1135

See also American Occupation Zone; Berlin Wall; Brandt, Willy; German unification (1990); Halvorsen, Gail S.; Vietnam War, and West Germany protests

West Chester Register, 1021 West Germany (FRG;

Federal Republic of Germany), 69 American GIs in, 365-366

German American clubs in, 412-413 reconstruction of, 915-917

U.S. bases in, 1069-1071

West Indies, 254 Westendarp, Amalie, 952 Western Electric, 512 Western Museum, 239-240 Westliche Blatter (Western Papers), 929

Westliche Post (Western Post), 92-93, 954

Weston, Edward, 884, 885 Weydemeyer, Joseph, 64-65, 1047

Weygold, Fredrick, 557 WFH. See World Federation of Hemophilia What to Do with Germany (Nizer), 1086-1087 Wheelock, Lucy, 609, 610 Whetton-Sedgwick, Catherine, 477

Whig, 653

Whig Party, 370

Whipple Report, 768 Whipples, Amiel Weeks, 768 White, Harry Dexter, 1081 White, Marry, 1194 White supremacists, 91 Whitman, Walt, 312 Whitney, William Dwight, 459

Whittredge, Worthington, 662

WIB. See Wartime Information Board

Wichern, Johann Hinrich, 58

Widows and Orphans fund, 419

Wiebe, Rudy, 674, 680 Wied-Neuwied, Maximilian Alexander Philipp Prinz zu, 152, 153-154, 155, 556, 638, 1139-1140.

See also Bodmer, Karl;

Brazil; Paul Wilhelm, Duke of

Wurttemberg; Indians, in German literature; Langsdorff, Georg Heinrich von

Wiedenmann, Jacob, 636 Wiedrich, Michael, 187 Wiegand, Heinrich, 827, 828

Wieland, Christoph Martin, 38, 356, 968, 1022 Wielert's Pavilion, 244-245, 247

Wiene, Robert, 342, 574, 627, 655, 697, 1017, 1091

Wiesel, Elie, 147 Wiesenthal, Simon, 652 Wiesinger, Alois, 174 Wigglesworth, E., 307 Wigman, Mary, 515-516 Wigner, Eugen(e) Paul, 304, 577, 1141-1142.

See also Einstein, Albert; Intellectual exile; Jewish refugee scientists Wilamowitz-Moellendort, Ulrich von, 460 Wilbour, Charlotte B., 565 Wild West Show, 546, 559 Wilde, Oscar, 1097 Wilder, Billy, 280, 351, 512, 514, 902, 1017, 1142-1144.

See also Hollywood; Lindbergh, Charles Augustus; Lubitsch, Ernst; Preminger, Otto; Stroheim, Erich von

Wilder, Thornton, 863 Wilhelm I, 139, 334 Wilhelm II, 8, 37, 140, 158, 190, 192, 203, 209, 329, 330, 334-335, 372-373, 442, 746, 782, 1005, 1052 Morocco and, 354 Treaty of Versailles and, 1055

Venezuelan crisis and, 1094

Wilhelm III, 37, 531

Wilhelm IV, 459

Wilhelm Meister’s Apprentice Years (Goethe), 402, 454, 696

Wilhelm Meister’s Travels (Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre; Goethe), 402, 454

Wilhelm Tell (Motley), 780 Wilhelmy, Herbert, 1144-1145. See also Argentina; Paraguay; Brazil

William P. Frye (American vessel), 1155

Willich, August (von), 64, 82, 241, 1145-1146.

See also American Civil War, German participants in; Anarchists; Forty- Eighters; Hecker, Friedrich; Turner societies

Willich, Augustus, 371

Willie Nelson at the Teatro (film), 1133

Willis, Nathaniel Parker, 587 Willkomm, Ernst, 684 Willrich, Georg, 834, 835 Willson, A. Leslie, 281 Wilson, Henry Lane, 858 Wilson, Hugh R., 87 Wilson, Teresa, 194

Wilson, Woodrow, 143, 144, 216, 246, 319, 342, 457, 685, 796, 808, 825, 858, 879-880, 896, 897, 1153-1154, 1164 Committee on Public Information, 253 Fourteen Points and, 1162-1163

Pershing and, 1160 Prager and, 900 Treaty of Versailles and, 1055, 1056

Zimmerman Telegram and, 1158-1159

Wilsons Creek, Battle of, 371

Wimar, Charles, 556 Wimmer, Boniface, 766, 994, 995, 996

Winant, John G., 1080 Winder, John H., 1147 Windisch, Conrad, 246 The Winds of War (TV documentary), 340 Windthorst, Ludwig, 458 Winebrenner, John, 426 The Wings of Desire (Der Himmel uber Berlin; film), 1133

Winnetou (May), 724-725, 726

Winston, Mary Frances, 460 Winter, Friedrich, 188 Wirsing, Giselher, 686 Wirth, Joseph, 270 Wirth, Theodore, 635, 636 Wirz, Henry, 1147-1148.

See also American Civil War, German participants in; Nuremberg trials Wischnitzer, Rachel, 590 Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS), 707, 710 Wisconsin Literary Magazine, 484

Wisconsin Woman Suffrage Association, 755 Wise, Isaac Mayer, 16, 17, 242-243, 301, 592-593, 594, 622, 1148-1150.

See also B'nai B'rith; Cincinnati; Einhorn, David; Judaism, Reform (North America) Wise, Rabbi Jonah B., 261 Wise, Stephen, 519 Wise, Rabbi Steven, 594 Wise, Therese Bloch, 1148 Wistar, Caspar, 451-452 Wistar, Richard, 452 Witmann, Cornelius, 766 Witness to History: A Refugee from the Third Reich (Elbe), 1180 Wittfogel, Karl August, 378 Wittke, Carl, 824 Wochenblatt (Weekly Sheet), 384

Der Wochentliche Pennsylvanische

Staatsbote (Weekly

Philadelphia Public Messenger), 906 Woehler, Friedrich, 882 Wohl, Kurt, 584 Wohler, Friedrich, 459 Wolf, Christa, 281 Wolf, Franz Theodor,

1150-1152. See also

Reiss, Johann

Wilhelm; Stubel, Moritz Alphons

Wolf, Georg, 943 Wolf, Simon, 18, 666 Wolf, Theodor, 922, 1019 Wolfe, Thomas, 1048 Wolfel, Ursula, 560

Wolff, Christian, 889 Wolff-metternich zur

Gracht, Paul von, 144 Wollenweber, Ludwig, 835 Wolzogen, Ernst von, 1047 Woman and Socialism (Die

Frau und der

Sozialismus; Bebel), 1152-1153

Woman in the Nineteenth

Century (Fuller), 402 A Woman's Memoir of the

Campaign in Baden and the Palatinate (Memoiren einer Frau aus dem badisch- pfalzischen Feldzuge), 84

Woman's Peace Party, 39 Women and American

Socialism (Buhle),

1152

Women in the Wilderness,

603 Women's church groups,

414-415 Women's International league for Peace and

Freedom, 40 Women's Journal (Frauen-

Zeitung), 84 Women's movements,

192-194

Women's Swimming

Association of New

York, 291

Women's Trade Union

League, 417

Woodford, Helen, 932 Wordsworth, William, 1043 Worishoffer, Sophie, 559 Workers' and Soldier's Soviet (Arbeiter und Soldatenrat), 613 Workers Educational Organization (Arbeiterbildungsverei n), 248

Workers Social Welfare (Arbeiterwohlfahrt), 259

Workingmen's Party of Illinois, 976

Workingmen's Association of the United States, 416 Workingmen's Education and Defense Associations (Arbeiter Lehr- und Wehrvereine), 83 Workmens Advocate, 669 World and Environment of the Maya (Welt und Umwelt der Maya; Wilhelmy), 1145 World Art Series, 955 World Baptism, 59 World Council of Churches, 707

World Economic Conference of 1933, 647

World Exhibition of 1889, 160

World Exhibition of 1893, 1074

World Exhibition of 1904, 1074

World Federation of Associations for the League of Nations, 145

World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH), 591

The World of Yesterday (Zweig), 525, 526-527

World War I, 1153-1163 Addams and, 39-40 aid societies and, 1164 American Expeditionary Force and, 1161-1162

American Protective League and, 1165-1166

Amerika Institute during, 80

anti-German sentiment and, 1164-1166 antisemitism during, 86 Argentina during, 95 armistice with Germany, 218-219

assimilation during, 101-102

Berlin (Kitchener), Ontario, during, 140-141

Brazil during, 169-170,

1183- 1184

Bremerhaven during, 182 Buffalo, New York, during, 188

Canada during,

1184- 1185

Canadian casualties of, 1184

Catholic Women's Union during, 221-222

Chicago during, 233 Chile during, 236, 239 Cincinnati during, 241, 245, 246-247

Committee on Public Information and, 1164 confiscation of property and, 1165

Deutschland and, 1156, 1157-1158 draft and, 1162, 1164 espionage and, 1164, 1165-1166 eugenics movement during, 323 film (German) during, 341-342, 348

Fourteen Points and,

1162- 1163

Fredericksburg during, 384-385

World War I (cont.)

German American Women's Organizations during, 415

German Americans and,

1163- 1166

German book burnings and, 1165

German language and, 1164

German-language press and, 825, 857, 1164, 1165, 1166

German prisoners and civilian interness during, 1167-1169

German sabotage in Canada during, 1169-1170

German Society of Pennsylvania during, 429

Germans in Canada during, 202-211 intellectual exchange,

U.S.-German, during, 1075

Lafayette Escadrille and, 1159-1160

Last Hundred Days campaign and, 1185

Latin America during, German military advisers in, 640-641

Lusitania and, 1156-1157

Mexico during, 216-217, 734, 744

Milwaukee during, 756

Milwaukee Socialists during, 759

National German- American Alliance and, 805, 807-808, 1164, 1166

New Orleans during, 816

New York City during, 818-819

Norddeutscher Lloyd during, 828

Olympic games during, 847

Ontario during, 853-854

Panama during, 864 Pennsylvania during, 876 persecution of German

Americans and, 1164-166

Pershing and, 1160-1161 politics, German

Americans and,

896-897

printing and publishing during, 908

Sons of Hermann during, 985, 986-987

St. Vincent Monastery and College during, 996

submarine warfare during, 1154-1156

Texas during, 1025, 1028, 1029

trade during, 1156 travel literature during, 1048-1049

Turner societies during, 1062

vandalism, mob violence and, 1166

vigilante groups and, 1166

Volga Germans during, 1102

war reparations and, 269-272, 461, 1056, 1079

Waterloo, Ontario, during, 1121

Waterloo County, Ontario, during, 1117-1118

Zimmermann Telegram and, 1158-1159

World War II, 1171-1179

Admiral Graf Spee in, 45, 46

air offensive and, 1177-1178

Argentina during, 96 assimilation during, 102 bananas and-114, 113 Battle of the Bulge and, 1175-1176

Berlin (Kitchener), Ontario, during, 141

Brazil during, 171, 1183-1184

Bremerhaven during, 182 Buffalo, New York, during, 189

Canada during, 1186-1188

casualties during, 1179 chewing gum and, 227 Chicago during, 233

Chile during, 236, 238, 239

Cincinnati during, 240

Coca-Cola during, 250 D-Day and, 1174-1175 film (German) during, 344-345

German American soldiers in, 1179-1181. See also Heym, Stefan; Kissinger, Henry

German-language press during, 826

German Society of Pennsylvania during, 429

Germans in Canada during, 202-211

GIs, in West Germany, during, 448 intellectual exchange, U.S.-German, during, 1077

internment of Germans from Latin America during, 1181-1183

Mexico during, 735-736, 744-745

New Orleans during, 816

Norddeutscher Lloyd during, 828-829

North African landings and, 1173-1174

Olympic games during, 848

Panama during, 865

Paraguay during, 867-868

Pennsylvania during, 876 photography during, 886 pineapples and, 115 politics, German

Americans and, 897 and postwar Germany,

U.S. plans for, 1078-1083

printing and publishing during, 908-909

Rhine crossing and, 1178-1179

Schwenkelders during, 960

Sons of Hermann during, 987

St. Vincent Monastery and College during, 996

television (American) and, 340

Texas during, 1028 travel literature during, 1049

Turner societies during, 1062

U-boats and, 1154—1158, 1171-1173 unconditional surrender and, 218-219

United Nations Charter and, 1171

See also Nuremburg trials Worman, Curt, 657 Woyzeck (film), 501 Wright, Frank Lloyd, 750 Wright, Henry, 495 Wright brothers, 1196 Wrigley's Chewing Gum, 250

Wrigley's Company, 227-229

Wrong Move (Falsche Bewegung; film), 1133

Wullerstorf-Urbair, Bernhard Freiherr von, 109

Wundt, Wilhelm, 70, 795 Wurttemberg after Its Past and Present (Wurttemberg nach seiner Vergangenheit und Gegenwart; Griesinger), 466 Wurttembergische Landboten (Wurttemberg Country Herald), 464 Wustrow, Wilhelm, 409 Wuthering Heights (film), 1189

Wyand, Derk, 681 Wyeth, Newell Convers, 619 Wyler, William,

1188-1189. See also

Hollywood; Leni, Paul

Wyneken, Friedrich Konrad Dietrich, 709

Xenophobia, 88

Ximena, or, The Battle of the Sierra Morena, and

Other Poems (Taylor), 1021

Xingu Expedition, 295

Yalta conference, 66 Yearbooks of the Community of True Inspiration or Testimonies of the Spirit of God (Jahrbucher der Wahren Inspirations- Gemeinden oder Bezeugungen des Geistes des Herrn), 54

Yellow Fever Hospital, 109 Yeltsin, Boris

YIVO Institute of Jewish Research, 658

YMCA. See Young Men's Christian Association

YMHA. See Young Men's Hebrew Association

Young, Owen D., 272 Young Frankenstein (film), 339

Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), 16

Young Men's Hebrew Association (YMHA), 16

Young Plan of 1930, 269, 272, 464

Young World (Junge Welt; film), 548

Youth rebellion, consumerism and, 258

Ypiranga (ship), 858 Yrigoyen, Hipolito, 45, 95

Zabriskie Point (film), 1133 Zaimoglu, Feridun, 688 Zakrzewska, Marie

Elizabeth, 610-611, 1191-1194. See also Kindergartners

Zanuck, Darryl F., 513 Zauberbuehler, Sebastian, 829 Zaunbrecher, Nicholas, 700 Zeidler, Carl Frederick, 753, 760

Zeidler, Frank P., 753-754, 759-760

Zeisberger, David, 888 Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft fur

Erdkunde zu Berlin (Journal of the Society for Geography in Berlin), 630, 883 Zeitschrift fur Sozialforschung (Journal of Social Research), 47 Zejler, Handrij, 988 Zenger, Anna Catherina (nee Maulin), 1194, 1195 Zenger, John Peter,

1194-1195. See also

Printing and publishing Zenger, John (son), 1195 Zepf, Toni, 862 Zeppelin, 1195-1198.

See also Eckener, Hugo; Hindenburg disaster; Treaty of Versailles; World War I Zeppelin, Ferdinand Graf von, 289, 1195-1196 Ziegler, David, 239 Zietschrift fur Sozialforschung (Journal for Social Research), 378, 379, 381, 517

Zimm, B. H., 583 Zimmerman, Johann Jakob, 603

Zimmermann, Arthur, 144, 217, 984, 1158-1159, 1170

Zimmermann, Johann Georg von, 683 Zimmermann Telegram, 734, 744, 1158-1159

Zink, Nicolaus, 813 Zinnemann, Fred, 514 Zinzendorf, Johann, 890 Zinzendorf, Nikolaus Ludwig von, 774, 888-889, 937, 961

Zionism, 594

B'nai B'rith and, 152 Zionist Association of

Germany, 657 Zionitic Brotherhood, 313 Zion's Watch Tower Tract

Society, 57 Zmigrod, Josef (Allan Gray), 949

Zoellner, Henry A., 1120 Zoff, Marianne, 179

Zone of occupation, 273, 274-275

Zschokke, Heinrich, 683 Zubly, John Joachim, 426 Zuckmayer, Carl, 108, 179, 261, 518, 528, 663, 794, 1036, 1049, 1198-2000.

See also Brecht, Bertolt; Council for a Democratic Germany; Dietrich, Marlene; Einstein, Albert; Intellectual exile;

Jannings, Emil; Mann, Thomas; May, Karl Friedrich; Reinhardt, Max; Sternberg, Joseph von;

Thompson, Dorothy

Zuckmayer, Maria

Winnetou, 1199 Zuhlsdorff, Volkmar, 819 Zundt, Ernst A., 1047 Zuntz, Nathan, 691 Zur Geographie der Republik Guatemala (Termer), 1024

Zweibruken, Duke Christian

IV of, 504 Zweig, Arnold, 664 Zweig, Stefan, 175, 518,

521, 523, 524-528

Zwingli, Ulrich, 80, 242

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Source: Adam Thomas. Germany and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History. ABC-CLIO, 2005. — 1365 p.. 2005

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